《Python编程从入门到实践》day17

Gandalf Wu

于 2024-04-28 20:09:25 发布

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文章标签： python 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37565294/article/details/138274505

版权

本文介绍了如何使用Python的json模块来存储和读取数据，包括基本操作如`json.dump()`和`json.load()`，以及在处理用户生成数据时的异常处理和重构代码以提高可读性。

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昨日知识点回顾

导入、读取、改写文件

处理异常（try...except）

今日知识点学习

10.4 存储数据

使用json模块存储共享数据

10.4.1 使用json.dump()和json.load()

import json
numbers = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]
filename = 'numbers.json'
with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
    json.dump(numbers, f_obj)

# import json
# filename = 'numbers.json'
with open(filename) as f_obj:
    numbers = json.load(f_obj)

print(numbers)

# 运行结果：
# [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]

10.4.2 保存和读取用户生成的数据

import json
user_name = input("Enter your name:")
filename = "username.json"
with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
    json.dump(user_name, f_obj)
    print("We'll remember you when you come back, " + user_name + "!")

with open(filename) as f_obj:
    user_name = json.load(f_obj)
    print("Welcome back," + user_name + "!")
# 运行结果：
# Enter your name:Eric
# We'll remember you when you come back, Eric!

import json

filename = "username.json"
try:
    with open(filename) as f_obj:
        user_name = json.load(f_obj)
except:
    user_name = input("Enter your name:")
    with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
        json.dump(user_name, f_obj)
        print("We'll remember you when you come back, " + user_name + "!")
else:
    print("Welcome back," + user_name + "!")


# 运行结果：
# Welcome back,Eric!

10.4.3 重构

#重构前
import json


def greet_user():
    """问候用户，并指出其名字"""
    filename = "username.json"
    try:
        with open(filename) as f_obj:
            user_name = json.load(f_obj)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        user_name = input("Enter your name:")
        with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
            json.dump(user_name, f_obj)
            print("We'll remember you when you come back, " + user_name + "!")
    else:
        print("Welcome back," + user_name + "!")


greet_user()
# 运行结果：
# Welcome back,Eric!

#重构后
import json


def get_stored_username():
    """如果存储了用户名，就获取它"""
    filename = "username.json"
    try:
        with open(filename) as f_obj:
            user_name = json.load(f_obj)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        return None
    else:
        return user_name


def get_new_username():
    """提示用户输入用户名"""
    user_name = input("Enter your name:")
    filename = 'username.json'
    with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
        json.dump(user_name, f_obj)
    return user_name


def greet_user():
    """问候用户，并指出其名字"""
    user_name = get_stored_username()
    if user_name:
        print("Welcome back," + user_name + "!")
    else:
        user_name = get_new_username()
        print("We'll remember you when you come back, " + user_name + "!")


greet_user()
# 运行结果：
# Welcome back,Eric!