转载地址:https://www.jianshu.com/p/c951adc6aafb
我是看《大话设计模式》学的设计模式,书上的例子是用C#写的,并且为了清晰地表达设计模式的优点写的代码很庞大。我这里用C++改写一下,做一下简化,以方便复习和总结,顺带练习一下画UML图。
这里可以认为所有的类都是定义在服务端的,而main函数在客户端。
简单工厂模式
三种工厂模式都是创建型的设计模式。现在有一个工厂要生产几种产品,这个简单的工厂自己可以判断生产哪一种。
简单工厂模式
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Producer
{
protected://书中用的是private,加上public的get,set方法,这里做了简化
string material1="potato";
string material2="milk";
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result=NULL;
return result;
}
};
class ClassA:public Producer
{
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result=material1+material2;
return result;
}
};
class ClassB:public Producer
{
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result=material2+material1;
return result;
}
};
class Factory
{
public:
static Producer* produce(char kind)
{
switch(kind)
{
case 'A':
{
Producer* pro=new ClassA();
break;
}
case 'B':
{
Producer* pro=new ClassB();
break;
}
}
}
};
int main()
{
Producer* pro;
pro=Factory::produce('A');
string result=pro->getResult();
cout<<result<<endl;
}
简单工厂模式不符合开放封闭原则。
工厂模式
现在有不止一个工厂了,总工厂只负责指挥,子工厂决定如何生产。
工厂模式
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Producer
{
protected://书中用的是private,加上public的get,set方法,这里做了简化
string material1="potato";
string material2="milk";
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result=NULL;
return result;
}
};
class ProducerA:public Producer
{
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result=material1+material2;
return result;
}
};
class ProducerB:public Producer
{
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result=material2+material1;
return result;
}
};
class Factory
{
public:
virtual Producer* produce()=0;
};
class FactoryA:public Factory
{
public:
Producer* produce()
{
return new ProducerA;
}
};
class FactoryB:public Factory
{
public:
Producer* produce()
{
return new ProducerB;
}
};
int main()
{
FactoryA* fac=new FactoryA();
Producer* pro=fac->produce();
string result=pro->getResult();
cout<<result<<endl;
}
抽象工厂模式
可能看到这就已经发现了,如果工厂引入了新的生产线,那么就要对工厂的结构做调整,引入新的部门来管理新生产线。
抽象工厂
这个图里对接口的实现其实应该用虚线表示,但是starUML的接口太丑了,就勉强用实现代替了。
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Department1
{
protected://书中用的是private,加上public的get,set方法,这里做了简化
string material1="potato";
string material2="milk";
public:
virtual string getResult()=0;
};
class Department2
{
public:
virtual string getResult()=0;
};
class ProducerA1:public Department1
{
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result=material1+material2;
return result;
}
};
class ProducerB1:public Department1
{
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result=material2+material1;
return result;
}
};
class ProducerA2:public Department2
{
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result="new productA";
return result;
}
};
class ProducerB2:public Department2
{
public:
virtual string getResult()
{
string result="new productB";
return result;
}
};
class Factory
{
public:
virtual Department1* produce1()=0;
virtual Department2* produce2()=0;
};
class FactoryA:public Factory
{
public:
ProducerA1* produce1()
{
return new ProducerA1;
}
ProducerA2* produce2()
{
return new ProducerA2;
}
};
class FactoryB:public Factory
{
public:
ProducerB1* produce1()
{
return new ProducerB1;
}
ProducerB2* produce2()
{
return new ProducerB2;
}
};
int main()
{
FactoryA* fac=new FactoryA();
Department1* pro1=fac->produce1();
Department2* pro2=fac->produce2();
string result1=pro1->getResult();
string result2=pro2->getResult();
cout<<result1<<endl<<result2<<endl;
}
作者:野月花环
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/c951adc6aafb
來源:简书
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