QNX的IPC通信

• https://developer.blackberry.com/playbook/native/reference/com.qnx.doc.neutrino.lib_ref/topic/n/name_attach.html

• 客户端与服务端的通信模型

• client线程调用MsgSend()往server线程发送消息时会阻塞住，client线程进入Send blocked状态，直到server线程调用MsgReceive()，client线程进入Reply blocked状态，server线程进行消息处理并调用MsgReply()回复后才会解除阻塞。
• server线程调用MsgReceive()时，没有client线程发来消息，server线程状态为RECEIVE blocked状态，当收到消息（也就是client调用MsgSend()），状态变回READY状态。并且回复MsgReply()，从而进入ready状态。
• QNX中name_attach 和nameopen---

服务器端：name_attach():是在服务器端使用，在名称空间中定义一个name(客户端中对应open这个name),同时创建了一个channel.

name_attach_t * name_attach( dispatch_t * dpp,
                             const char * path,  //对应name
                             unsigned flags );
typedef struct _name_attach {
    dispatch_t* dpp;
    int         chid;  //对应 channel  id
    int         mntid;
    int         zero[2];
} name_attach_t;

#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/dispatch.h>
 
#define ATTACH_POINT "myname"
 
/* We specify the header as being at least a pulse */
typedef struct _pulse msg_header_t;
 
/* Our real data comes after the header */
typedef struct _my_data {
    msg_header_t hdr;
    int data;
} my_data_t;
 
/*** Server Side of the code ***/
int server() {
   name_attach_t *attach;
   my_data_t msg;
   int rcvid;
 
    //Server端创建一个名为ATTACH_POINT的channel,用于client端创建Connect
   if ((attach = name_attach(NULL, ATTACH_POINT, 0)) == NULL) {
       return EXIT_FAILURE;
   }
 
   /* Do your MsgReceive's here now with the chid */
   while (1) {
       rcvid = MsgReceive(attach->chid, &msg, sizeof(msg), NULL);
 
       if (rcvid == -1) {/* Error condition, exit */
           break;
       }
 
//OS还支持固定大小的非阻塞消息。这些被称为脉冲并携带一个小负载(四个字节的数据加一个字节码)。
//pulse包含一个相对较小的有效负载——8位代码和32位数据。脉冲常被用作中断处理程序中的通知机制。
//还允许服务器在不阻塞客户机的情况下向客户机发送信号
       if (rcvid == 0) {/* Pulse received */
           switch (msg.hdr.code) {
           case _PULSE_CODE_DISCONNECT:
               /*
                * A client disconnected all its connections (called
                * name_close() for each name_open() of our name) or
                * terminated
                */
               ConnectDetach(msg.hdr.scoid);
               break;
           case _PULSE_CODE_UNBLOCK:
               /*
                * REPLY blocked client wants to unblock (was hit by
                * a signal or timed out).  It's up to you if you
                * reply now or later.
                */
               break;
           default:
               /*
                * A pulse sent by one of your processes or a
                * _PULSE_CODE_COIDDEATH or _PULSE_CODE_THREADDEATH
                * from the kernel?
                */
               break;
           }
           continue;
       }
 
       /* name_open() sends a connect message, must EOK this */
       if (msg.hdr.type == _IO_CONNECT ) {
           MsgReply( rcvid, EOK, NULL, 0 );
           continue;
       }
 
       /* Some other QNX IO message was received; reject it */
       if (msg.hdr.type > _IO_BASE && msg.hdr.type <= _IO_MAX ) {
           MsgError( rcvid, ENOSYS );
           continue;
       }
 
       /* A message (presumable ours) received, handle */
       printf("Server receive %d \n", msg.data);
       MsgReply(rcvid, EOK, 0, 0);
 
   }
 
  //删除在Server端的这个Channel，由name_attach()返回值决定
   name_detach(attach, 0);
 
   return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
 
 
/*** Client Side of the code ***/
int client() {
    my_data_t msg;
    int server_coid;
 
//发送消息的线程需要与接受消息的channel建立connection
    if ((server_coid = name_open(ATTACH_POINT, 0)) == -1) {
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
 
    /* We would have pre-defined data to stuff here */
    msg.hdr.type = 0x00;
    msg.hdr.subtype = 0x00;
 
    /* Do whatever work you wanted with server connection */
    for (msg.data=0; msg.data < 5; msg.data++) {
        printf("Client sending %d \n", msg.data);
        if (MsgSend(server_coid, &msg, sizeof(msg), NULL, 0) == -1) {
            break;
        }
    }
 
    /* Close the connection */
    name_close(server_coid);
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
 
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    int ret;
 
    if (argc < 2) {
        printf("Usage %s -s | -c \n", argv[0]);
        ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    else if (strcmp(argv[1], "-c") == 0) {
        printf("Running Client ... \n");
        ret = client();   /* see name_open() for this code */
    }
    else if (strcmp(argv[1], "-s") == 0) {
        printf("Running Server ... \n");
        ret = server();   /* see name_attach() for this code */
    }
    else {
        printf("Usage %s -s | -c \n", argv[0]);
        ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    return ret;
}

• 编译生成可执行文件main
• ./main -s        执行服务端程序  
• ./main -c        执行客户端程序