Ignatius and the Princess IV - 思维

Ignatius and the Princess IV

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32767 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 40417    Accepted Submission(s): 17621

Problem Description

"OK, you are not too bad, em... But you can never pass the next test." feng5166 says.

"I will tell you an odd number N, and then N integers. There will be a special integer among them, you have to tell me which integer is the special one after I tell you all the integers." feng5166 says.

"But what is the characteristic of the special integer?" Ignatius asks.

"The integer will appear at least (N+1)/2 times. If you can't find the right integer, I will kill the Princess, and you will be my dinner, too. Hahahaha....." feng5166 says.

Can you find the special integer for Ignatius?

 

Input

The input contains several test cases. Each test case contains two lines. The first line consists of an odd integer N(1<=N<=999999) which indicate the number of the integers feng5166 will tell our hero. The second line contains the N integers. The input is terminated by the end of file.

 

Output

For each test case, you have to output only one line which contains the special number you have found.

 

Sample Input

5 1 3 2 3 3 11 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

 

Sample Output

3 5 1

 

Author

Ignatius.L

 

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题意:

给出n个数,其中有个数的出现次数大于等于(n+1)/2,于是让你找出这个数

题解

多元素即在数列中出现次数多于n/2的元素


我们很容易的看出来，在一个序列中如果去掉2个不同的元素，
那么原序列中的多元素，在新的序列中还是多元素，
因此我们只要按照序列依次扫描，先把t赋值给result，
增加个计数器，cnt = 1；然后向右扫描，
如果跟result相同，则cnt++，不同，那么cnt --，
这个真是我们从上面那个结论里得出的，一旦cnt == 0了，
那么必定c不是多元素，这个时候把t赋值为result,cnt = 1；，
重复该过程，知道结束，这个时候，result就是多元素，
这个的时间复杂度为n，该题本来可以用数组保存每个元素，
然后递归上述过程，可是，用数组超内存，

因此我们可以直接按照上述过程计算

来自:http://www.cnblogs.com/kuangbin/archive/2011/07/30/2122217.html

代码

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1e6+10;
int arr[maxn];
int main()
{
    int n;
    while(~scanf("%d",&n))
    {
        int result,t,cnt=0;
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
            scanf("%d",&t);
            if(cnt == 0) result = t,cnt = 1;
            else {
                if(result == t) cnt++;
                else cnt--;
            }
        }
        printf("%d\n",result);
    }
    return 0;
}