04_bean注入属性

于 2022-05-23 23:02:32 发布
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setter方法注入 

目录结构

 

 

 代码

package dao;

public interface BookDao {
    public void save();
}

 BooDaoImpl中有两个基本类型的属性

package dao.impl;

import dao.BookDao;

public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {

    private String databaseName;
    private int connectionNum;
    //setter注入需要提供要注入对象的set方法
    public void setConnectionNum(int connectionNum) {
        this.connectionNum = connectionNum;
    }
    //setter注入需要提供要注入对象的set方法
    public void setDatabaseName(String databaseName) {
        this.databaseName = databaseName;
    }

    public void save() {
        System.out.println("book dao save ..."+databaseName+","+connectionNum);
    }
}

package dao;

public interface UserDao {
    public void save();
}

package dao.impl;

import dao.UserDao;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    public void save() {
        System.out.println("user dao save ...");
    }
}

package service;

public interface BookService {
    public void save();
}

package service.impl;

import dao.BookDao;
import dao.UserDao;
import service.BookService;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
    private BookDao bookDao;
    private UserDao userDao;
    //setter注入需要提供要注入对象的set方法
    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
    //setter注入需要提供要注入对象的set方法
    public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
        this.bookDao = bookDao;
    }

    public void save() {
        System.out.println("book service save ...");
        bookDao.save();
        userDao.save();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<!--    给bookDao注入基本类型-->
    <bean id="bookDao" class="dao.impl.BookDaoImpl">
        <property name="databaseName" value="mysql"/>
        <property name="connectionNum" value="100"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="userDao" class="dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"/>
<!--给bookService注入引用类型-->
    <bean id="bookService" class="service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"/>
        <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

import service.BookService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class AppForDISet {
    public static void main( String[] args ) {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        BookService bookService = (BookService) ctx.getBean("bookService");
        bookService.save();
    }
}

运行结果：

 构造器注入

 修改BookDaoImpl, BookServiceImpl，去掉setter，用构造器赋值给属性

package dao.impl;

import dao.BookDao;

public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
    private String databaseName;
    private int connectionNum;

    public BookDaoImpl(String databaseName, int connectionNum) {
        this.databaseName = databaseName;
        this.connectionNum = connectionNum;
    }

    public void save() {
        System.out.println("book dao save ..."+databaseName+","+connectionNum);
    }
}

package service.impl;

import dao.BookDao;
import dao.UserDao;
import service.BookService;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
    private BookDao bookDao;
    private UserDao userDao;

    public BookServiceImpl(BookDao bookDao, UserDao userDao) {
        this.bookDao = bookDao;
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    public void save() {
        System.out.println("book service save ...");
        bookDao.save();
        userDao.save();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--
    标准书写
    <bean id="bookDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl">
        根据构造方法参数名称注入
        <constructor-arg name="connectionNum" value="10"/>
        <constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="mysql"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"/>

    <bean id="bookService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
        <constructor-arg name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
        <constructor-arg name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"/>
    </bean>
-->
    <!--
        解决形参名称的问题，与形参名不耦合
        <bean id="bookDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl">
            根据构造方法参数类型注入
            <constructor-arg type="int" value="10"/>
            <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="mysql"/>
        </bean>
        <bean id="userDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"/>

        <bean id="bookService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
            <constructor-arg name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
            <constructor-arg name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"/>
        </bean>-->

    <!--解决参数类型重复问题，使用位置解决参数匹配-->
    <bean id="bookDao" class="dao.impl.BookDaoImpl">
        <!--根据构造方法参数位置注入-->
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="mysql"/>
        <constructor-arg index="1" value="100"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="userDao" class="dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"/>

    <bean id="bookService" class="service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
        <constructor-arg name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
        <constructor-arg name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

import service.BookService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class AppForDISet {
    public static void main( String[] args ) {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        BookService bookService = (BookService) ctx.getBean("bookService");
        bookService.save();
    }
}

运行结果：

自动装配 

 

 

 代码

package dao;

public interface BookDao {
    public void save();
}

package dao.impl;

import dao.BookDao;

public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
    public void save() {
        System.out.println("book dao save ...");
    }
}

package service;

public interface BookService {
    public void save();
}

BookServiceImpl必须有setBookDao()方法 

package service.impl;

import dao.BookDao;
import service.BookService;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
    private BookDao bookDao;

    public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
        this.bookDao = bookDao;
    }

    public void save() {
        System.out.println("book service save ...");
        bookDao.save();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean class="dao.impl.BookDaoImpl"/>
    <!--autowire属性：开启自动装配，通常使用按类型装配-->
    <bean id="bookService" class="service.impl.BookServiceImpl" autowire="byType"/>
</beans>

import dao.BookDao;
import service.BookService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class AppForDIAutoware {
    public static void main( String[] args ) {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        BookService bookService = (BookService) ctx.getBean("bookService");
        bookService.save();
    }
}

运行结果：

 依赖自动装配特征

自动装配用于引用类型依赖注入，不能对简单类型进行操作

使用byType必须保障容器中相同类型的bean唯一，推荐使用

使用byName必须保障容器中具有指定名称的bean，因变量名与配置耦合，不推荐使用

自动装配优先级低于setter注入与构造器注入，同时出现自动装配配置失效

集合注入 

目录结构

 

 代码

package dao;

public interface BookDao {
    public void save();
}

package dao.impl;

import dao.BookDao;

import java.util.*;

public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {

    private int[] array;

    private List<String> list;

    private Set<String> set;

    private Map<String,String> map;

    private Properties properties;




    public void setArray(int[] array) {
        this.array = array;
    }

    public void setList(List<String> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    public void setSet(Set<String> set) {
        this.set = set;
    }

    public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }

    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
        this.properties = properties;
    }




    public void save() {
        System.out.println("book dao save ...");

        System.out.println("遍历数组:" + Arrays.toString(array));

        System.out.println("遍历List" + list);

        System.out.println("遍历Set" + set);

        System.out.println("遍历Map" + map);

        System.out.println("遍历Properties" + properties);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean id="bookDao" class="dao.impl.BookDaoImpl">
        <!--数组注入-->
        <property name="array">
            <array>
                <value>100</value>
                <value>200</value>
                <value>300</value>
<!--                <ref bean="beanId"/>-->
            </array>
        </property>
        <!--list集合注入-->
        <property name="list">
            <list>
                <value>itcast</value>
                <value>itheima</value>
                <value>boxuegu</value>
                <value>chuanzhihui</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!--set集合注入-->
        <property name="set">
            <set>
                <value>itcast</value>
                <value>itheima</value>
                <value>boxuegu</value>
                <value>boxuegu</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!--map集合注入-->
        <property name="map">
            <map>
                <entry key="country" value="china"/>
                <entry key="province" value="henan"/>
                <entry key="city" value="kaifeng"/>
            </map>
        </property>
        <!--Properties注入-->
        <property name="properties">
            <props>
                <prop key="country">china</prop>
                <prop key="province">henan</prop>
                <prop key="city">kaifeng</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

import dao.BookDao;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class AppForDICollection {
    public static void main( String[] args ) {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

        BookDao bookDao = (BookDao) ctx.getBean("bookDao");

        bookDao.save();
    }
}

运行结果：

 

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