ubuntu 安装c++编译环境

1.安装gcc、gdb

sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential gdb

2.用以下命令确认是否安装成功

gcc --version

gcc (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12) 5.4.0 20160609
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

g++ --version

g++ (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12) 5.4.0 20160609
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

gdb --version

GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.11.1-0ubuntu1~16.5) 7.11.1
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
root@ubuntu-xenial:~# cmake --version
The program 'cmake' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
apt install cmake

3.安装CMake

sudo apt install cmake

4.用以下命令确认cmake是否安装成功

cmake --version

cmake version 3.5.1

5.此时，我们在c++环境上写个c++程序测试一下

(1) 使用以下命令来创建一个c_study.cpp：

touch c_study.cpp
vim c_study.cpp

(2) 在c_study.cpp 文件上编写程序

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){

   cout << "hello world c++"<< endl;
   return 0;
}

(3) 使用以下命令编译和运行c_study.cpp

g++ -Wall c_study.cpp -o c_study

# 参数说明：
#          -Wall 显示警告信息
#          -o  输出可执行文件
# 此时就会生成一个c_study文件


# 然后，使用命令 chmod u+x c_study
chmod u+x c_study
# 最后，在控制台输入：./c_study 就会得到输出。

（4）控制台输出