SpringBoot整合Shiro
1.简介
1.1什么是Shiro?
-
Apache Shiro是一个强大且易用的Java安全框架
-
执行身份验证、授权、密码和会话管理
-
使用Shiro的易于理解的API,您可以快速、轻松地获得任何应用程序,从最小的移动应用程序到最大的网络和企业应用程序。
-
官网:http://shiro.apache.org/
-
github:https://github.com/apache/shiro
1.2有哪些功能?
- Authentication:身份认证、登录,验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份
- Authorization:授权,即权限验证,验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限,即判断用户能否进行什么操作
- Session Manager:会话管理,即用户登录后就是第一次会话,在没有退出之前,它的所有信息都在会话中;会话可以是普通的JavaSE缓解,也可以是Web环境
- Cryptography:加密,保护数据1的安全性,如密码加密存储到数据库中,而不是明文存储
- Web Support:Web支持,可以非常容易地集成Web环境
- Caching:缓存,比如用户登录后,其用户信息,拥有的角色,权限不必每次去查,这样可以提高效率
- Concurrency:Shiro支持多线程应用程序的并发验证,即,如在一个线程中开启另一个线程,能把权限自动的传播过去
- Testing:提供测试支持
- Run As:允许一个用户假装为另外一个用户(如果他们允许)的身份进行访问
- Remember Me:记住我,这个是非常常见的功能,即一次登录后,下次载来的话不用登录了
1.3Shiro架构(外部)
从外部来看Shiro,即从应用程序角度来观察如何使用shiro完成工作:
-
Subject:即“当前操作用户”。但是,在Shiro中,Subject这一概念并不仅仅指人,也可以是第三方进程、后台帐户(Daemon Account)或其他类似事物。
-
SecurityManager:它是Shiro框架的核心,典型的Facade模式,Shiro通过SecurityManager来管理内部组件实例,并通过它来提供安全管理的各种服务。
-
Realm: Realm充当了Shiro与应用安全数据间的“桥梁”或者“连接器”。也就是说,当对用户执行认证(登录)和授权(访问控制)验证时,Shiro会从应用配置的Realm中查找用户及其权限信息。
1.4Shiro架构(内部)
-
它仅仅意味着“当前跟软件交互的东西”。Subject代表了当前用户的安全操作,SecurityManager则管理所有用户的安全操作。
-
从这个意义上讲,Realm实质上是一个安全相关的DAO:它封装了数据源的连接细节,并在需要时将相关数据提供给Shiro。当配置Shiro时,你必须至少指定一个Realm,用于认证和(或)授权。配置多个Realm是可以的,但是至少需要一个。
-
Shiro内置了可以连接大量安全数据源(又名目录)的Realm,如LDAP、关系数据库(JDBC)、类似INI的文本配置资源以及属性文件等。如果系统默认的Realm不能满足需求,你还可以插入代表自定义数据源的自己的Realm实现。
2.快速开始
- 导入依赖
- 配置文件
- HelloWorld
3.Subject分析
// 获取当前用户对象Subject
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//通过当前用户拿到Session
Session session = currentUser.getSession();
//判断当前用户是否被认证
currentUser.isAuthenticated();
//获得当前用户的认证
currentUser.getPrincipal();
//判断用户是否获得角色
currentUser.hasRole("vip1");
//获得用户的权限(细粒度)
currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield");
//注销
currentUser.logout();
4.SpringBoot整合Shiro环境搭建
4.1新建工程
新建一个Springboot工程,选择web工程,thymeleaf依赖,测试运行成功
4.2导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
4.3编写配置类
ShiroConfig
package com.simpleteen.config;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
//ShiroFilterFactoryBean 第三步
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("getDefaultWebSecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
//设置安全管理器
bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
return bean;
}
//DefaultWebSecurityManager 第二步
@Bean
public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
//关联UserRealm
securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
return securityManager;
}
//创建realm对象,需要自定义 第一步
@Bean
public UserRealm userRealm(){
return new UserRealm();
}
}
4.4自定义UserRole
package com.simpleteen.config;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
//自定义的UserRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
//授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("执行了授权=>AuthorizationInfo");
return null;
}
//认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证=>AuthenticationInfo");
return null;
}
}
4.5MyController
package com.simpleteen.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class MyController {
@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
public String toIndex(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","hello world");
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/user/add")
public String add(){
return "user/add";
}
@RequestMapping("/user/update")
public String update(){
return "user/update";
}
}
4.6页面
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<p th:text="${{msg}}"></p>
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</body>
</html>
add.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>add</h1>
</body>
</html>
update.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>update</h1>
</body>
</html>
4.7测试运行
OK!
5.Shiro实现登录拦截
5.1配置ShiroConfig
//ShiroFilterFactoryBean 第三步
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("getDefaultWebSecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
//设置安全管理器
bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
//添加Shiro的内置过滤器
/*
* anon:无需认证就可以访问
* authc:必须认证了才能访问
* user:必须拥有 记住我功能才能用
* perms:拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问
* role:拥有某个角色权限才能访问
* */
LinkedHashMap<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
//filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
//设置登录的请求
bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
return bean;
}
//DefaultWebSecurityManager 第二步
@Bean
public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
//关联UserRealm
securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
return securityManager;
}
5.2增加跳转请求MyController
@RequestMapping("/toLogin")
public String toLogin(){
return "login";
}
5.3增加login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<form action="">
<p>用户名:<input type="text" name="username"></p>
<p>密 码:<input type="text" name="password"></p>
<p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
6.Shiro实现用户认证
6.1修改login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<hr/>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
<p>用户名:<input type="text" name="username"></p>
<p>密 码:<input type="text" name="password"></p>
<p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
6.2增加跳转请求MyController
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(String username,String password,Model model){
//获取当前的用户
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//封装用户的登录数据
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
try {
subject.login(token);//执行登录方法,如果没有异常就说明OK
return "index";
} catch (UnknownAccountException e){//用户名不存在
model.addAttribute("msg","用户名错误");
return "login";
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){//密码不存在
model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");
return "login";
}
}
6.3修改UserRealm
//认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证=>AuthenticationInfo");
//用户名、密码 数据库中取
String name = "root";
String password = "123456";
UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
if(!token.getUsername().equals(name)){
return null;//抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
}
//密码认证,shiro做~
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
}
6.4测试
OK
7.Shiro整合Mybatis
7.1导入依赖pom.xml
<!--mysql-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--druid-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.21</version>
</dependency>
<!--log4j-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis整合Springboot-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
7.2配置文件application.yaml
spring:
datasource:
username: root
password: 123456
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 自定义数据源
#Spring Boot默认是不注入这些属性值的,需要自己绑定
#druid 数据源专有配置
initialSize: 5
minIdle: 5
maxWait: 60000
timeBetweeEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
testWhileIdle: true
testOnBorrow: false
poolPreparedStatements: true
#配置监控统计拦截的filters,start:监控统计、log4j:日志记录、wall:防御sql注入
#如果运行时报错 java。Lang。ClassNotFoundException:org。apache.log4j.Priority
#则导入log4j依赖即可,Maven地址:http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
filters: stat,wall,log4j
maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
# 整合mybatis
mybatis:
type-aliases-package: com.simpleteen.pojo
mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
7.3增加实体类pojo
User
package com.simpleteen.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
}
7.4增加UserMapper
/simpleteen/mapper/UserMapper
package com.simpleteen.mapper;
import com.simpleteen.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
public User queryUserByName(String name);
}
7.5增加UserMapper.xml
/resources/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.simpleteen.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="queryUserByName" parameterType="String" resultType="User">
select * from user where name=#{name}
</select>
</mapper>
7.6增加UserService
/simpleteen/service/UserService
package com.simpleteen.service;
import com.simpleteen.pojo.User;
public interface UserService {
public User queryUserByName(String name);
}
7.6增加UserServiceImpl
/simpleteen/service/UserServiceImpl
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public User queryUserByName(String name) {
return userMapper.queryUserByName(name);
}
}
7.7测试
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot07ShiroApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private UserServiceImpl userService;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
System.out.println(userService.queryUserByName("shen"));
}
}
7.8修改UserRealm
@Autowired
private UserServiceImpl userService;
//认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证=>AuthenticationInfo");
UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
//用户名、密码 数据库中取
User user = userService.queryUserByName(token.getUsername());
if(user==null){
//没有这个人
//抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
return null;
}
//密码认证,shiro做~,加密了
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPwd(),"");
}
然后再测试查看,OK
8.Shiro请求授权实现
8.1修改Shiroonfig
//ShiroFilterFactoryBean 第三步
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("getDefaultWebSecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
//设置安全管理器
bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
//添加Shiro的内置过滤器
/*
* anon:无需认证就可以访问
* authc:必须认证了才能访问
* user:必须拥有 记住我功能才能用
* perms:拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问
* role:拥有某个角色权限才能访问
* */
LinkedHashMap<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//授权,正常的情况下,没有授权跳转到未授权页面
filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
//filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
//设置登录的请求
bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
//未授权页面
bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");
return bean;
}
8.2增加未授权跳转
@RequestMapping("/noauth")
@ResponseBody
public String unauthorized(){
return "未经授权,无法访问此页面";
}
8.3测试
登录之后,可以正常进入update,但是访问add页面时跳到未授权页面
8.4修改UserRealm
//授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("执行了授权=>AuthorizationInfo");
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
info.addStringPermission("user:add");
return info;
}
8.5再测试
登录之后,可以正常进入add页面
8.6真实业务
我们不是需要每个人都赋予权限,而是应该在数据库中赋予权限,我们从数据库中查询,于是我们可以在数据库中增减一个字段perms!!!
在认证里面传递user
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPwd(),"");
在授权里面拿到当前登录的这个对象
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
拿到User对象
User currentUser = (User)subject.getPrincipal();
设置当前用户的权限
info.addStringPermissions(currentUser.getPerms())
9.Shiro整合thymeleaf
9.1导入依赖
<!--shiro-thymeleaf-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
9.2修改ShiroConfig
//整合ShiroDialect:用来整合shiro thymeleaf
@Bean
public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
return new ShiroDialect();
}
9.3修改首页
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<div th:if="session.loginUser==null">
<a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
</div>
<p th:text="${{msg}}"></p>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
</div>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
9.4修改UserRealm
//认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了认证=>AuthenticationInfo");
UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
//用户名、密码 数据库中取
User user = userService.queryUserByName(token.getUsername());
if(user==null){
//没有这个人
//抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
return null;
}
Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
Session session = currentSubject.getSession();
session.setAttribute("loginUser",user);
//密码认证,shiro做~
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPwd(),"");
}
9.5测试
显示正常!!!