js判断数据类型

结论：contructor和Object.prototype.toString.call可以用于全部情况。typeof更可用于检测基本数据类型（除了null），instanceof用于检测引用数据类型。

• constructor：
  • 格式  数据.constructor == 数据类型

  • console.log((1).constructor===Number)
    console.log(('string').constructor===String)
    console.log((true).constructor===Boolean)
    console.log((function(){}).constructor===Function)
    console.log((Symbol('a')).constructor===Symbol)
    console.log(({}).constructor===Object)
    console.log(([]).constructor===Array)
    console.log((/a/).constructor===RegExp)
    console.log((new Date()).constructor===Date)
    console.log((new Error()).constructor===Error)
    console.log((new Set()).constructor===Set)
    console.log((new Map()).constructor===Map)
    console.log((new WeakSet()).constructor===WeakSet)
    console.log((new WeakMap()).constructor===WeakMap)//全为true

• typeof：typeof 操作符是按照数据在计算机底层存储的二进制结果来进行检测的,该方式无法区分数组、对象、null。（typeof null的结果是 "Object"是由于null在底层中存储的二进制是：000000，对象在底层存储的二进制是000xxx；所以使用typeof检测null的时候会打印出"Object"）

  • console.log(typeof 1)//number
    console.log(typeof 'string')//string
    console.log(typeof true)//boolean
    console.log(typeof function(){})//function
    console.log(typeof Symbol('a'))//symbol
    console.log(typeof {})//object
    console.log(typeof [])//object
    console.log(typeof /a/)//object
    console.log(typeof new Date())//object
    console.log(typeof new Error())//object
    console.log(typeof new Set())//object
    console.log(typeof new Map())//object
    console.log(typeof new WeakSet())//object
    console.log(typeof new WeakMap())//object
    console.log(typeof null)//object
    console.log(typeof undefined)//undefined
    

• instanceof：根据该实例对象的构造函数是否等于后面一个构造函数，只用于判断引用类型，基础数据类型不是对象，所以无法使用该种方法判断

  • 
    console.log(1 instanceof Number)//false
    console.log('string' instanceof String)//false
    console.log(true instanceof Boolean)//false
    console.log(function(){} instanceof Function)//true
    console.log(Symbol('a') instanceof Symbol)//false
    console.log({} instanceof Object)//true
    console.log([] instanceof Array)//true
    console.log(/a/ instanceof RegExp)//true
    console.log(new Date() instanceof Date)//true
    console.log(new Error() instanceof Error)//true
    console.log(new Set() instanceof Set)//true
    console.log(new Map() instanceof Map)// true
    console.log(new WeakSet() instanceof WeakSet)//true
    console.log(new WeakMap() instanceof WeakMap)//true
    console.log(null instanceof Object)//false
    console.log(undefined instanceof Object)//false
    console.log(new Number(1) instanceof Number)//true
    console.log(new String('string') instanceof String)//true
    console.log(new Boolean(true) instanceof Boolean)//true
    
    

• Object.prototype.toString.call：通过原型链访问实例对象指向的构造函数名（所有 typeof 返回值为 "object" 的对象（如数组）都包含一个内部属性 [[Class]]，通过上述方法访问对象的内部属性进行判断）

  • console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(1)==='[object Number]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call('string')==='[object String]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(true)==='[object Boolean]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(function(){})==='[object Function]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(Symbol('a'))==='[object Symbol]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call({})==='[object Object]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call([])==='[object Array]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(/a/)==='[object RegExp]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(new Date())==='[object Date]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(new Error())==='[object Error]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(new Set())==='[object Set]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(new Map())==='[object Map]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(new WeakSet())==='[object WeakSet]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(new WeakMap())==='[object WeakMap]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(null)==='[object Null]')
    console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(undefined)==='[object Undefined]')//全为true