FenceRepair(修篱笆)贪心+优先队列

Fence Repair POJ - 3253
Farmer John wants to repair a small length of the fence around the pasture. He measures the fence and finds that he needs N (1 ≤ N ≤ 20,000) planks of wood, each having some integer length Li (1 ≤ Li ≤ 50,000) units. He then purchases a single long board just long enough to saw into the N planks (i.e., whose length is the sum of the lengths Li). FJ is ignoring the “kerf”, the extra length lost to sawdust when a sawcut is made; you should ignore it, too.

FJ sadly realizes that he doesn’t own a saw with which to cut the wood, so he mosies over to Farmer Don’s Farm with this long board and politely asks if he may borrow a saw.

Farmer Don, a closet capitalist, doesn’t lend FJ a saw but instead offers to charge Farmer John for each of the N-1 cuts in the plank. The charge to cut a piece of wood is exactly equal to its length. Cutting a plank of length 21 costs 21 cents.

Farmer Don then lets Farmer John decide the order and locations to cut the plank. Help Farmer John determine the minimum amount of money he can spend to create the Nplanks. FJ knows that he can cut the board in various different orders which will result in different charges since the resulting intermediate planks are of different lengths.

Input
Line 1: One integer N, the number of planks
Lines 2… N+1: Each line contains a single integer describing the length of a needed plank
Output
Line 1: One integer: the minimum amount of money he must spend to make N-1 cuts
Sample Input
3
8
5
8
Sample Output
34
Hint
He wants to cut a board of length 21 into pieces of lengths 8, 5, and 8.
The original board measures 8+5+8=21. The first cut will cost 21, and should be used to cut the board into pieces measuring 13 and 8. The second cut will cost 13, and should be used to cut the 13 into 8 and 5. This would cost 21+13=34. If the 21 was cut into 16 and 5 instead, the second cut would cost 16 for a total of 37 (which is more than 34).
思路：我们可以反其到而行之，我们只需从木板的集合里，取
出最短的两块，并且把长度之和加入集合中即可，最后对列里
面只含有一块即可，因此使用优先队列可以高效的实现。

优先队列

结构体中重载运算符

#include <iostream>
#include <queue> 
using namespace std; 
struct Node{
    int x, y;
    Node( int a= 0, int b= 0 ):
        x(a), y(b) {}
};
 
bool operator<( Node a, Node b ){//升序 注意只能重载<
    if( a.x== b.x ) return a.y> b.y;//队首大于队尾//
    return a.x> b.x; 
}
 
int main(){
    priority_queue<Node> q;     //结构体中重载完了就不要再写一堆//
    for( int i= 0; i< 10; ++i )
    q.push( Node( rand(), rand() ) );  //构造函数   
    while( !q.empty() ){
        cout << q.top().x << ' ' << q.top().y << endl;
        q.pop();
    }     
    getchar();
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <queue> 
using namespace std; 
int main(){
    priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int> > q;//队首大于队尾//
    for( int i= 0; i< 10; ++i ) q.push( rand() );
    while( !q.empty() ){
        cout << q.top() << endl;//队尾先出//
        q.pop();
    }     
    getchar();
    return 0;
}

WA
开成long long再试试

#include<queue>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    priority_queue<int,vector<int>,greater<int>>que;
   int n,num,sum=0;
   cin>>n;
   for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
   {
       cin>>num;
       que.push(num);
   }
   while(que.size()>1)
   {
       int t1=que.top();
       que.pop();
       int t2=que.top();
       que.pop();
       int ans=t1+t2;
       que.push(ans);
       sum+=ans;
   }
   cout<<sum<<endl;
}