Python函数参数中的冒号与箭头

在一些Python的工程项目中，我们会看到函数参数中会有冒号，有的函数后面会跟着一个箭头，你可能会疑惑，这些都是什么东西？

其实函数参数中的冒号是参数的类型建议符，告诉程序员希望传入的实参的类型。函数后面跟着的箭头是函数返回值的类型建议符，用来说明该函数返回的值是什么类型

• 例1

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    
def twoSum(num1: int, num2: int=100) -> int:
    sum = num1 + num2
    return sum
    

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print(twoSum.__annotations__)
    print(twoSum(1,2))
    print(twoSum(1))
    print(twoSum('I love ','Arsenal'))
    #print(twoSum('Arsenal'))
    

• 例2

def bev_instance2points_with_offset_z_2(ids: np.ndarray, max_x=50, meter_per_pixal=(0.2, 0.2), offset_y=None, Z=None):
    center = ids.shape[1] / 2
    lines = mean_col_by_row_with_offset_z_2(ids, offset_y, Z)
    points = []
    # for i in range(1, ids.max()):
    for y, x, z in lines:  # cols, rows
        # x, y = np.where(ids == 1)
        x = np.array(x)[::-1]
        y = np.array(y)[::-1]
        z = np.array(z)[::-1]

        x = max_x / meter_per_pixal[0] - x
        y = y * meter_per_pixal[1]
        y -= center * meter_per_pixal[1]
        x = x * meter_per_pixal[0]

        y *= -1.0  # Vector is from right to left
        if len(x) < 2:
            continue
        spline = CubicSpline(x, y, extrapolate=False)
        points.append((x, y, z, spline))
    return points