React源码解析————Commit阶段（一）

2021SC@SDUSC

2021SC@SDUSC

commit阶段

前几篇我们介绍了render阶段，现在我们来看commit阶段，commitRoot方法是commit阶段工作的起点。fiberRootNode会作为传参。
同时在rootFiber.firstEffect上保存了一条需要执行副作用的Fiber节点的单向链表effectList，这些Fiber节点的updateQueue中保存了变化的props。
这些副作用对应的DOM操作在commit阶段执行。
除此之外，一些生命周期钩子（比如componentDidXXX）、hook（比如useEffect）也需要在commit阶段执行。
commit阶段的主要工作（即Renderer的工作流程）可以分为三部分：
1.before mutation阶段（执行DOM操作前）
2.mutation阶段（执行DOM操作）
3.layout阶段（执行DOM操作后）

commitRoot

commit阶段的入口是commitRoot函数，它会告知scheduler以立即执行的优先级去调度commit阶段的工作。

function commitRoot(root) {
  // TODO: This no longer makes any sense. We already wrap the mutation and
  // layout phases. Should be able to remove.
  const previousUpdateLanePriority = getCurrentUpdatePriority();
  const prevTransition = ReactCurrentBatchConfig.transition;
  try {
    ReactCurrentBatchConfig.transition = 0;
    setCurrentUpdatePriority(DiscreteEventPriority);
    commitRootImpl(root, previousUpdateLanePriority);
  } finally {
    ReactCurrentBatchConfig.transition = prevTransition;
    setCurrentUpdatePriority(previousUpdateLanePriority);
  }

  return null;
}

可以看到我们做的大部分工作其实都是在commitRootImpl中完成的。
注：其中代码中已经删去部分注释和内容，也加上了自己的理解，如果想查看完整版请自行去GitHub上下载react-main，谢谢

function commitRootImpl(root, renderPriorityLevel) {

  // 进入commit阶段，先执行一次之前未执行的useEffect
  do {
    flushPassiveEffects();
  } while (rootWithPendingPassiveEffects !== null);

  // 准备阶段-----------------------------------------------

  const finishedWork = root.finishedWork;
  const lanes = root.finishedLanes;
  if (finishedWork === null) {
    return null;
  }
  root.finishedWork = null;
  root.finishedLanes = NoLanes;

  root.callbackNode = null;
  root.callbackId = NoLanes;

  // effectList的整理，将root上的effect连到effectList的末尾
  let firstEffect;
  if (finishedWork.effectTag > PerformedWork) {
    if (finishedWork.lastEffect !== null) {
      finishedWork.lastEffect.nextEffect = finishedWork;
      firstEffect = finishedWork.firstEffect;
    } else {
      firstEffect = finishedWork;
    }
  } else {
    // There is no effect on the root.
    firstEffect = finishedWork.firstEffect;
  }

  // 准备阶段结束，开始处理effectList
  if (firstEffect !== null) {

    ...

    // before mutation阶段--------------------------------
    nextEffect = firstEffect;
    do {...} while (nextEffect !== null);

    ...

    // mutation阶段---------------------------------------
    nextEffect = firstEffect;
    do {...} while (nextEffect !== null);

    // 将wprkInProgress树切换为current树
    root.current = finishedWork;

    // layout阶段-----------------------------------------
    nextEffect = firstEffect;
    do {...} while (nextEffect !== null);

    nextEffect = null;

    // 通知浏览器去绘制
    requestPaint();

  } else {
    // 没有effectList，直接将wprkInProgress树切换为current树
    root.current = finishedWork;

  }

  const rootDidHavePassiveEffects = rootDoesHavePassiveEffects;

  // 获取尚未处理的优先级，比如之前被跳过的任务的优先级
  remainingLanes = root.pendingLanes;
  // 将被跳过的优先级放到root上的pendingLanes（待处理的优先级）上
  markRootFinished(root, remainingLanes);

  /*
  * 每次commit阶段完成后，再执行一遍ensureRootIsScheduled，确保是否还有任务需要被调度。
  * 例如，高优先级插队的更新完成后，commit完成后，还会再执行一遍，保证之前跳过的低优先级任务
  * 重新调度
  *
  * */
  ensureRootIsScheduled(root, now());

  ...

  return null;
}

下面我们对这上述三个阶段分别进行的详细讲解。

before mutation阶段

before mutation阶段的代码在commitRootlmpl中其实很短，整个过程就是遍历effectList并调用commitBeforeMutationEffects函数处理。

const prevTransition = ReactCurrentBatchConfig.transition;
    ReactCurrentBatchConfig.transition = 0;
    const previousPriority = getCurrentUpdatePriority();
    setCurrentUpdatePriority(DiscreteEventPriority);

    const prevExecutionContext = executionContext;
    executionContext |= CommitContext;

    // Reset this to null before calling lifecycles
    ReactCurrentOwner.current = null;

    // The commit phase is broken into several sub-phases. We do a separate pass
    // of the effect list for each phase: all mutation effects come before all
    // layout effects, and so on.

    // The first phase a "before mutation" phase. We use this phase to read the
    // state of the host tree right before we mutate it. This is where
    // getSnapshotBeforeUpdate is called.
    const shouldFireAfterActiveInstanceBlur = commitBeforeMutationEffects(
      root,
      finishedWork,
    );

先保存之前的优先级，以同步优先级执行，执行完毕后恢复之前优先级
再将当前上下文标记为CommitContext，作为commit阶段的标志
我们重点关注beforeMutation阶段的主函数commitBeforeMutationEffects做了什么。

commitBeforeMutationEffects

export function commitBeforeMutationEffects(
  root: FiberRoot,
  firstChild: Fiber,
) {
  focusedInstanceHandle = prepareForCommit(root.containerInfo);

  nextEffect = firstChild;
  commitBeforeMutationEffects_begin();

  // We no longer need to track the active instance fiber
  const shouldFire = shouldFireAfterActiveInstanceBlur;
  shouldFireAfterActiveInstanceBlur = false;
  focusedInstanceHandle = null;

  return shouldFire;
}

我们可以看到代码主要是调用了commitBeforeMutationEffects_begin函数
代码如下：

function commitBeforeMutationEffects_begin() {
  while (nextEffect !== null) {
    const fiber = nextEffect;

    // This phase is only used for beforeActiveInstanceBlur.
    // Let's skip the whole loop if it's off.
    if (enableCreateEventHandleAPI) {
      // TODO: Should wrap this in flags check, too, as optimization
      const deletions = fiber.deletions;
      if (deletions !== null) {
        for (let i = 0; i < deletions.length; i++) {
          const deletion = deletions[i];
          commitBeforeMutationEffectsDeletion(deletion);
        }
      }
    }

    const child = fiber.child;
    if (
      (fiber.subtreeFlags & BeforeMutationMask) !== NoFlags &&
      child !== null
    ) {
      ensureCorrectReturnPointer(child, fiber);
      nextEffect = child;
    } else {
      commitBeforeMutationEffects_complete();
    }
  }
}

它的作用主要是调用commitBeforeMutationEffects_complete函数，然后在commitBeforeMutationEffects_complete中尝试调用commitBeforeMutationEffectsOnFiber(fiber);

function commitBeforeMutationEffects_complete() {
  while (nextEffect !== null) {
    const fiber = nextEffect;
    setCurrentDebugFiberInDEV(fiber);
    try {
      commitBeforeMutationEffectsOnFiber(fiber);
    } catch (error) {
      reportUncaughtErrorInDEV(error);
      captureCommitPhaseError(fiber, fiber.return, error);
    }
    resetCurrentDebugFiberInDEV();

    const sibling = fiber.sibling;
    if (sibling !== null) {
      ensureCorrectReturnPointer(sibling, fiber.return);
      nextEffect = sibling;
      return;
    }

    nextEffect = fiber.return;
  }
}

commitBeforeMutationEffectOnFiber是commitBeforeMutationLifeCycles的别名。在该方法内会调用类组件的getSnapshotBeforeUpdate，针对函数组件，异步调度useEffect。
注：代码已删去部分，只保留了switch部分。

function commitBeforeMutationEffectsOnFiber(finishedWork: Fiber) {
    switch (finishedWork.tag) {
      case FunctionComponent:
      case ForwardRef:
      case SimpleMemoComponent: {
        break;
      }
      case ClassComponent: {
        if (current !== null) {
          const prevProps = current.memoizedProps;
          const prevState = current.memoizedState;
          const instance = finishedWork.stateNode;
          // We could update instance props and state here,
          // but instead we rely on them being set during last render.
          // TODO: revisit this when we implement resuming.
          if (__DEV__) {
            if (
              finishedWork.type === finishedWork.elementType &&
              !didWarnAboutReassigningProps
            ) {
              if (instance.props !== finishedWork.memoizedProps) {
                console.error(
                  'Expected %s props to match memoized props before ' +
                    'getSnapshotBeforeUpdate. ' +
                    'This might either be because of a bug in React, or because ' +
                    'a component reassigns its own `this.props`. ' +
                    'Please file an issue.',
                  getComponentNameFromFiber(finishedWork) || 'instance',
                );
              }
              if (instance.state !== finishedWork.memoizedState) {
                console.error(
                  'Expected %s state to match memoized state before ' +
                    'getSnapshotBeforeUpdate. ' +
                    'This might either be because of a bug in React, or because ' +
                    'a component reassigns its own `this.state`. ' +
                    'Please file an issue.',
                  getComponentNameFromFiber(finishedWork) || 'instance',
                );
              }
            }
          }
          const snapshot = instance.getSnapshotBeforeUpdate(
            finishedWork.elementType === finishedWork.type
              ? prevProps
              : resolveDefaultProps(finishedWork.type, prevProps),
            prevState,
          );
          if (__DEV__) {
            const didWarnSet = ((didWarnAboutUndefinedSnapshotBeforeUpdate: any): Set<mixed>);
            if (snapshot === undefined && !didWarnSet.has(finishedWork.type)) {
              didWarnSet.add(finishedWork.type);
              console.error(
                '%s.getSnapshotBeforeUpdate(): A snapshot value (or null) ' +
                  'must be returned. You have returned undefined.',
                getComponentNameFromFiber(finishedWork),
              );
            }
          }
          instance.__reactInternalSnapshotBeforeUpdate = snapshot;
        }
        break;
      }
      case HostRoot: {
        if (supportsMutation) {
          const root = finishedWork.stateNode;
          clearContainer(root.containerInfo);
        }
        break;
      }
      case HostComponent:
      case HostText:
      case HostPortal:
      case IncompleteClassComponent:
        // Nothing to do for these component types
        break;
      default: {
        invariant(
          false,
          'This unit of work tag should not have side-effects. This error is ' +
            'likely caused by a bug in React. Please file an issue.',
        );
      }
    }

    resetCurrentDebugFiberInDEV();
  }
}

我们可以看见，getSnapshotBeforeUpdate是在commit阶段内的before mutation阶段调用的，由于commit阶段是同步的，所以不会遇到多次调用的问题。

调度useEffect

if (!rootDoesHavePassiveEffects) {
      rootDoesHavePassiveEffects = true;
      scheduleCallback(NormalSchedulerPriority, () => {
        flushPassiveEffects();
        return null;
      });
    }

在这几行代码内，scheduleCallback方法由Scheduler模块提供，用于以某个优先级异步调度一个回调函数。
在此处，被异步调度的回调函数就是触发useEffect的方法flushPassiveEffects。
我们接下来讨论useEffect如何被异步调度：

export function flushPassiveEffects(): boolean {
  // Returns whether passive effects were flushed.
  // TODO: Combine this check with the one in flushPassiveEFfectsImpl. We should
  // probably just combine the two functions. I believe they were only separate
  // in the first place because we used to wrap it with
  // `Scheduler.runWithPriority`, which accepts a function. But now we track the
  // priority within React itself, so we can mutate the variable directly.
  if (rootWithPendingPassiveEffects !== null) {
    const renderPriority = lanesToEventPriority(pendingPassiveEffectsLanes);
    const priority = lowerEventPriority(DefaultEventPriority, renderPriority);
    const prevTransition = ReactCurrentBatchConfig.transition;
    const previousPriority = getCurrentUpdatePriority();
    try {
      ReactCurrentBatchConfig.transition = 0;
      setCurrentUpdatePriority(priority);
      return flushPassiveEffectsImpl();
    } finally {
      setCurrentUpdatePriority(previousPriority);
      ReactCurrentBatchConfig.transition = prevTransition;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

在flushPassiveEffects方法内部会从全局变量rootWithPendingPassiveEffects获取effectList。
我们知道，effectList中保存了需要执行副作用的Fiber节点。其中副作用包括
1.插入DOM节点（Placement）
2.更新DOM节点（Update）
3.删除DOM节点（Deletion）
除此外，当一个FunctionComponent含有useEffect或useLayoutEffect，他对应的Fiber节点也会被赋值effectTag。
在flushPassiveEffects方法内部会遍历rootWithPendingPassiveEffects（即effectList）执行effect回调函数。
如果在此时直接执行，rootWithPendingPassiveEffects === null。
那么rootWithPendingPassiveEffects会在何时赋值呢？

这里我们会根据rootDoesHavePassiveEffects === true?决定是否赋值rootWithPendingPassiveEffects。

const rootDidHavePassiveEffects = rootDoesHavePassiveEffects;

  if (rootDoesHavePassiveEffects) {
    // This commit has passive effects. Stash a reference to them. But don't
    // schedule a callback until after flushing layout work.
    rootDoesHavePassiveEffects = false;
    rootWithPendingPassiveEffects = root;
    pendingPassiveEffectsLanes = lanes;
  }

所以整个useEffect异步调用分为三步：
1.before mutation阶段在scheduleCallback中调度flushPassiveEffects
2.layout阶段之后将effectList赋值给rootWithPendingPassiveEffects
3.scheduleCallback触发flushPassiveEffects，flushPassiveEffects内部遍历rootWithPendingPassiveEffects。

下一篇我们会继续讲解mutation阶段和layout阶段。