JAVA序列化

Java 序列化是一种将对象转换为字节流的过程，反序列化将字节流重新转换为对象
序列化在 Java 中是通过 java.io.Serializable 接口来实现的，该接口没有任何方法，只是一个标记接口，用于标识类可以被序列化。

import java.io.Serializable;

public class MyClass implements Serializable {
    // 类的成员和方法
}

实例

public class Employee implements java.io.Serializable
{
   public String name;
   public String address;
   public transient int SSN;
   public int number;
   public void mailCheck()
   {
      System.out.println("Mailing a check to " + name
                           + " " + address);
   }
}

ObjectOutputStream 类用来序列化一个对象.注意： 当序列化一个对象到文件时， 按照 Java 的标准约定是给文件一个 .ser 扩展名。

import java.io.*;
 
public class SerializeDemo
{
   public static void main(String [] args)
   {
      Employee e = new Employee();
      e.name = "Reyan Ali";
      e.address = "Phokka Kuan, Ambehta Peer";
      e.SSN = 11122333;
      e.number = 101;
      try
      {
         FileOutputStream fileOut =
         new FileOutputStream("/tmp/employee.ser");
         ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOut);
         out.writeObject(e);
         out.close();
         fileOut.close();
         System.out.printf("Serialized data is saved in /tmp/employee.ser");
      }catch(IOException i)
      {
          i.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

import java.io.*;
 
public class DeserializeDemo
{
   public static void main(String [] args)
   {
      Employee e = null;
      try
      {
         FileInputStream fileIn = new FileInputStream("/tmp/employee.ser");
         ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(fileIn);
         e = (Employee) in.readObject();
         in.close();
         fileIn.close();
      }catch(IOException i)
      {
         i.printStackTrace();
         return;
      }catch(ClassNotFoundException c)
      {
         System.out.println("Employee class not found");
         c.printStackTrace();
         return;
      }
      System.out.println("Deserialized Employee...");
      System.out.println("Name: " + e.name);
      System.out.println("Address: " + e.address);
      System.out.println("SSN: " + e.SSN);
      System.out.println("Number: " + e.number);
    }
}

当对象被序列化时，属性 SSN 的值为 111222333，但是因为该属性是短暂的，该值没有被发送到输出流。所以反序列化后 Employee 对象的 SSN 属性为 0。