1058 Humble Numbers

题目详情：

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Humble Numbers

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 36047    Accepted Submission(s): 15727

Problem Description

A number whose only prime factors are 2,3,5 or 7 is called a humble number. The sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 27, ... shows the first 20 humble numbers.

Write a program to find and print the nth element in this sequence

 

Input

The input consists of one or more test cases. Each test case consists of one integer n with 1 <= n <= 5842. Input is terminated by a value of zero (0) for n. 

Output

For each test case, print one line saying "The nth humble number is number.". Depending on the value of n, the correct suffix "st", "nd", "rd", or "th" for the ordinal number nth has to be used like it is shown in the sample output.

 

Sample Input

1

2

3

4

11

12

13

21

22

23

100

1000

5842

0

 

Sample Output

The 1st humble number is 1.

The 2nd humble number is 2.

The 3rd humble number is 3.

The 4th humble number is 4.

The 11th humble number is 12.

The 12th humble number is 14.

The 13th humble number is 15.

The 21st humble number is 28.

The 22nd humble number is 30.

The 23rd humble number is 32.

The 100th humble number is 450.

The 1000th humble number is 385875.

The 5842nd humble number is 2000000000.

 

Source

University of Ulm Local Contest 1996

 

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 题目大意：

一个数它的因子只有2，3，5，7其中的一个或多个的任意组合的数叫丑数，现在请你写一个程序找出第N个丑数！

解题思路：

设h2=1,h3=1,h5=1,h7=1，状态转移方程：num[i]=min(min(2*num[h2],3*num[h3]),min(5*num[h5],7*num[h7]))，同时用num[i]和之前的这四个数作比较，相等则使对应的h加一。

AC代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    int n;
    vector<int> num(5846,0);
    num[1]=1;
    int h2=1,h3=1,h5=1,h7=1;
    for(int i=2;i<=5843;++i){
            num[i]=min(min(2*num[h2],3*num[h3]),min(5*num[h5],7*num[h7]));
            if(num[i]==2*num[h2]) h2++;
            if(num[i]==3*num[h3]) h3++;
            if(num[i]==5*num[h5]) h5++;
            if(num[i]==7*num[h7]) h7++;
    }
    while(cin>>n&&n){
        if(n%100==11||n%100==12||n%100==13) printf("The %dth humble number is %d.\n",n,num[n]); 
        else { 
            if(n%10==1) printf("The %dst humble number is %d.\n",n,num[n]); 
            else if(n%10==2)printf("The %dnd humble number is %d.\n",n,num[n]); 
            else if(n%10==3)printf("The %drd humble number is %d.\n",n,num[n]); 
            else printf("The %dth humble number is %d.\n",n,num[n]); 
        } 
    }   
    return 0;
}