异常概念及分类

Java异常处理机制

try、catch、finally

try → 监控区域，执行可能产生异常的代码

catch → 捕获、处理异常

finally → 善后处理，无论是否发现异常，代码总能执行

import java.util.Scanner;

class person
{
    String name;
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        person p = null;
        int a = 10;
        int b;
        int c;

        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入除数");
        b = sc.nextInt();
        try{
            c = a/b;
            p.name = "qybs";
        }catch (java.lang.NullPointerException e){
            System.out.println("空指针未定义");
        }catch (java.lang.ArithmeticException e){
            System.out.println("0不能为除数，请再输入");
            b = sc.nextInt();
            c = a/b;
            System.out.println("c="+c);
        }
        finally {
            System.out.println("println");
        }
    }
}

throw和throws

throw用于手动抛出异常，用在方法内，后面跟上要抛出的异常类对象

throws用于在方法上标识要暴露的异常，后面跟上可能要抛出的异常类名

class Bar
{
    int age;

    public void Bar(int age){
        this.age = age;
    }
    void check()throws AgeLessthanEighteenException{
        if(age < 18){
            throw new AgeLessthanEighteenException("年纪太小");
        }
    }
}

class AgeLessthanEighteenException extends Exception
{
    private String message;
    public AgeLessthanEighteenException(String message){
        this.message = message;
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Bar b = new Bar();
        try{
            b.check();
        }catch (AgeLessthanEighteenException e){
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("end");

    }
}