4.1C++

1. 对菱形继承给出的代码中每一个类，写一个有参构造函数

   #include <iostream>
   using namespace std;
   
   class A
   {
   public:
       int a;
       A(int a):a(a){}
   };
   class B:virtual public A
   {
   public:
       int b;
       B(int b,int a):b(b),A(a){}
   };
   class C:virtual public A
   {
   public:
       int c;
       C(int a,int c):c(c),A(a){}
   };
   //汇集子类
   class D:public B,public C
   {
   public:
       int d;
       void show()
       {
           cout << B::a << endl;
       }
       D(int a,int b,int c,int d):B(b,a),C(a,c),A(a),d(d){}
   };
   int main()
   {
       //实例化汇集子类D的类对象
       D d1(10,23,90,100);
       d1.a = 90;//对于公共基类继承加上virual后，在汇集子类中只能找到一个属性a
       d1.B::a = 80;
       d1.show();
       cout << d1.B::A::a<< endl;
       return 0;
   }
   

2. 写出下列类的，构造函数(有参、无参)，析构函数，拷贝构造函数和拷贝赋值函数

   class F
   {
       int *p;
       const string name;
   }
   class C:public F
   {
       int *age;
   }

   #include <iostream>
   
   using namespace std;
   
   class F
   {
       int *p;
       const string name;
   public:
   
       F():p(new int),name("张三"){}  //让p成员指向堆区的空间
       F(int a,string name):p(new int(a)),name(name){cout<<"F有参构造"<<endl;}
       F(const F &other):p(new int(*(other.p))),name(other.name)
       {
           cout<<"F的深度拷贝"<<endl;
       }
       ~F()
       {
           cout<<"准备释放空间: "<<p<<endl;
           delete p;
           cout<<"F的析构"<<endl;
       }
       F &operator=(const F &other)
       {
           *(this->p) = *(other.p);
           cout<<"F拷贝赋值"<<endl;
           return *this;
       }
       void show()
       {
           cout<<"p的指向:"<<p<<endl;
           cout<<"*p = "<<*p<<endl;
           cout<<"name = "<<name<<endl;
       }
   };
   class C:public F
   {
       int *age;
   public:
       C():F(),age(new int){}    //C的无参构造
       C(int age,int a,string name):age(new int(age)),F(a,name)
       {
           cout<<"C的有参构造"<<endl;
       }
       C(const C &other):age(new int(*(other.age))),F(other)
       {
           cout<<"C的深度拷贝"<<endl;
       }
       ~C()
       {
           cout<<"C的析构"<<endl;
       }
       C &operator=(const C &other)
       {
           *(this->age)=*(other.age);
           F::operator=(other);
           return *this;
       }
   };
   
   int main()
   {
       C c1(21,90,"历史");
       C c2 = c1;
       cout<<" c2 深度拷贝"<<endl;
       c2.show();
       cout<<" c1 "<<endl;
       c1.show();
       C c3;
       c3 = c2;
       cout<<" c2 拷贝赋值"<<endl;
       c2.show();
       cout<<"-----------------------------"<<endl;
       cout<<" c3 "<<endl;
       c3.show();
       cout<<endl;
       cout<<"开始析构"<<endl;
       return 0;
   }