Python数据可视化子图的绘制及坐标轴共享

1.绘制固定区域的子图：
1.1绘制单子图：使用pyplot的subplot()函数可以在某个区域中绘制单子图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
ax_one=plt.subplot(326)
ax_one.plot([1,2,3,4,5])
ax_two=plt.subplot(312)
ax_two.plot([1,2,3,4,5])
plt.title('41')
plt.show()

1.2实例1：某工厂产品A与产品B去年的销售额分析

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ["SimHei"]
x = [x for x in range(1, 13)]
y1 = [20, 28, 23, 16, 29, 36, 39, 33, 31, 19, 21, 25]
y2 = [17, 22, 39, 26, 35, 23, 25, 27, 29, 38, 28, 20]
labels = ['1 月', '2 月', '3 月', '4 月', '5 月', '6 月', '7月', '8 月', '9 月', '10 月', '11 月', '12 月']
ax1 = plt.subplot(211)
ax1.plot(x, y1, 'm--o', lw=2, ms=5, label='产品A')
ax1.plot(x, y2, 'g--o', lw=2, ms=5, label='产品B')
ax1.set_title("产品A 与产品B的销售额  41", fontsize=11)
ax1.set_ylim(10, 45)
ax1.set_ylabel('销售额(亿元)')
ax1.set_xlabel('月份')
for xy1 in zip(x, y1):
    ax1.annotate("%s" % xy1[1], xy=xy1, xytext=(-5, 5), textcoords='offset points')
for xy2 in zip(x, y2):
    ax1.annotate("%s" % xy2[1], xy=xy2, xytext=(-5, 5), textcoords='offset points')
ax1.legend()
ax2 = plt.subplot(223)
ax2.pie(y1, radius=1, wedgeprops={
   'width':0.5}, labels=labels, autopct='%3.1f%%', pctdistance=0.75)
ax2.set_title('产品A的销售额 ')
ax3 = plt.subplot(224)
ax3.pie(y2, radius=1, wedgeprops={
   'width':0.5}, labels=labels,autopct='%3.1f%%', pctdistance=0.75)
ax3.set_title('产品B的销售额 ')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

1.3绘制多子图：使用pyplot的subplots()函数可以在某个区域中绘制多个子图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig, ax_arr = plt.subplots(2, 2)
ax_thr = ax_arr[1, 0]
ax_thr.plot([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
plt.title('41')

1.4实例2：部分国家养猫人群比例与养狗人群比例分析

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ["SimHei"]

def autolabel(ax