Java（十九） -- 死锁

目录

死锁 DeadLock

如何破解死锁

使用 lambda 表达式简化代码开发

---

死锁 DeadLock

        前提：一个线程完成业务需要同时访问两个资源。

        死锁：多个线程同时在完成业务，出现争抢资源的情况。

        资源类

public class DeadLockRunnable implements Runnable {
    //编号
    public int num;
    //资源
    private static Chopsticks chopsticks1 = new Chopsticks();
    private static Chopsticks chopsticks2 = new Chopsticks();
    
    /**
     * num = 1 拿到 chopsticks1，等待 chopsticks2
     * num = 2 拿到 chopsticks2，等待 chopsticks1
     */
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        if(num == 1) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到了chopsticks1，等待获取chopsticks2");
            synchronized (chopsticks1) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                synchronized (chopsticks2) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"用餐完毕！");
                }
            }
        }
        if(num == 2) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到了chopsticks2，等待获取chopsticks1");
            synchronized (chopsticks2) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                synchronized (chopsticks1) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"用餐完毕！");
                }
            }
        }
    }
​
}

public class DeadLockTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DeadLockRunnable deadLockRunnable1 = new DeadLockRunnable();
        deadLockRunnable1.num = 1;
        DeadLockRunnable deadLockRunnable2 = new DeadLockRunnable();
        deadLockRunnable2.num = 2;
        new Thread(deadLockRunnable1,"张三").start();
        new Thread(deadLockRunnable2,"李四").start();
    }
}

如何破解死锁

        不要让多线程并发访问

public class DeadLockTest {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    DeadLockRunnable deadLockRunnable1 = new DeadLockRunnable();
    deadLockRunnable1.num = 1;
    DeadLockRunnable deadLockRunnable2 = new DeadLockRunnable();
    deadLockRunnable2.num = 2;
    new Thread(deadLockRunnable1,"张三").start();
    try {
      Thread.sleep(2000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    new Thread(deadLockRunnable2,"李四").start();
  }
}

使用 lambda 表达式简化代码开发

public class Test3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //lambda表达式
        new Thread(()->{
            for(int i=0;i<100;i++) {
                System.out.println("+++++++++++Runnable");
            }
        }) .start();
    }
}

public class Test3 {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    new Thread(()->{for(int i=0;i<100;i++) System.out.println("+++++++Runnable");}).start();
    new Thread(()->{for(int i=0;i<100;i++) System.out.println("----Runnable");}).start();
    new Thread(()->{for(int i=0;i<100;i++) System.out.println("++++=====++Runnable");}).start();
  }
}