消息队列的全双工通信

创建两个进程，使每个都能读写消息队列
代码：
msg_service.c

#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

struct msgbuf
{
        long mtype;
        char mtest[128];
        char ID[4];
};

int main()
{
        struct msgbuf sendbuf,readbuf;
        int msgid;
        key_t key;
        pid_t pid;
        int readret;
        key=ftok("b.c",5);
        msgid = msgget(key,0755|IPC_CREAT);
        if(msgid == -1)
        {
                printf("create message queue failed!\n");
                        return -1;
        }
        system("ipcs -q");
        printf("create message queue success msgid =%d\n",msgid);
        sendbuf.mtype=100;
        pid=fork();
        if(pid ==-1)
        {
                printf("fork fail\n");
                return -1;
        }
        if(pid > 0)//父进程发送消息类型为100的消息给消息队列
        {
            while(1)
                {
                        memset(sendbuf.mtest,0,128);
                        printf("please input to  massage queue:\n");
                        fgets(sendbuf.mtest,128,stdin);
                 msgsnd(msgid,(void *)&sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf.mtest),0);
                }
        }
        if(pid == 0)//子进程从消息队列中读取消息类型为100的消息
        {
                while(1)
                {
                        memset(readbuf.mtest,0,128);
                        readret=msgrcv(msgid,(void *)&readbuf,128,99,0);
                        printf("receive byte form message queue is :%s\n",readbuf.mtest);
                        printf("total have %d byte\n",readret);

                }
        }
        return 0;

}

代码：
msg_client.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

struct msgbuf
{
        long mtype;
        char mtest[128];
        char ID[4];
};

int main()
{
        struct msgbuf sendbuf,readbuf;
        int msgid;
        key_t key;
        pid_t pid;
        int readret;
        key=ftok("b.c",5);
        msgid = msgget(key,0755|IPC_CREAT);
        if(msgid == -1)
        {
                printf("create message queue failed!\n");
                        return -1;
        }
        system("ipcs -q");
        printf("create message queue success msgid =%d\n",msgid);
        sendbuf.mtype=99;
        pid=fork();
        if(pid ==-1)
        {
                printf("fork fail\n");
                return -1;
        }
        if(pid == 0)//子进程发送消息类型为99的消息给消息队列
        {
            while(1)
                {
                        //memset(sendbuf.mtest,0,128);
                        printf("please input to  massage queue:\n");
                        fgets(sendbuf.mtest,128,stdin);
                        msgsnd(msgid,(void *)&sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf.mtest),0);
                        memset(sendbuf.mtest,0,128);
                }
        }
        if(pid > 0)//父进程读取消息类型为100的消息
        {
                while(1)
                {
                        memset(readbuf.mtest,0,128);
                        readret=msgrcv(msgid,(void *)&readbuf,128,100,0);
                        printf("receive byte form message queue is :%s\n",readbuf.mtest);
                        printf("total have %d byte\n",readret);

                }
        }
        return 0;

}```



执行结果：
![请添加图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/65c4e9122a344698a4d6231e6b9d042d.png)
这时两个进程可进行通信。

程序执行流程：  msgsnd(msgid,(void *)&sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf.mtest),0);中最后的参数0表示，当消息返送完才返回，所以没有消息发送时，进程会一直卡在这，msgrcv(msgid,(void *)&readbuf,128,100,0);中最后一个参数0表示，若无消息函数一直阻塞，所以没有读取到消息时，函数也会一直卡在这。