c#学生管理系统

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已于 2024-03-27 14:26:24 修改

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分类专栏： C#课设文章标签： c# 开发语言

于 2023-10-07 22:34:22 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_58065010/article/details/133658586

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一、系统概述

学生管理系统是一个旨在帮助学校、教育机构和教育者有效管理学生信息、课程安排和成绩记录的应用程序。该系统旨在简化学生管理的各个方面，提供高效的解决方案，以满足教育机构的需求。

二、功能模块

1. 学生信息管理

添加学生:录入学生基本信息(姓名、性别、学号等)

编辑学生:修改已经录入的学生信息

删除学生:通过学号删除指定学生信息

全部学生查询:查询所有录入学生信息

个别学生查询:支持按学号或姓名进行精确查询

2.班级管理

查询班级列表
按条件查询
新增班级

3.年级

查询所有年级

三、开发技术

前端:C# WinForm
后端:mysql
IDE:Visual Studio

四、数据库分析

1. ClassInfos(班级表)

ClassId:班级编号(主键)
ClassName:班级名称
GradeId:年级编号(外键关联GradeInfos表)
Remark:备注

主要记录每个年级下的各个班级名称等信息。

2. GradeInfos(年级表)

GradeId:年级编号(主键)
GradeName:年级名称

记录学校的各个年级名称。

3. StudentInfos(学生表)

StuId:学生编号(主键)
StuName:姓名
ClassId:班级编号(外键关联ClassInfos表)
Sex:性别
Phone:电话
CreateTime:创建时间(默认当前时间)
IsDeleted:逻辑删除(默认0,不删除)

记录每个学生的详细信息。

4. UserInfos(用户表)

UserId:用户编号(主键)
UserName:用户名
UserPwd:密码

记录应用的管理用户信息。

5. 总体关系:

班级表与年级表一对多,学生表与班级表一对多,表之间定义好外键关系。

基本上五张表记录了学生管理系统需要跟踪的所有实体信息,关系定义合理,能够很好支持学生管理相关业务开发。

四、程序截图

在这里插入图片描述

五、联系与交流

q:969060742 文档、代码、sql、程序资源

六、部分代码

FrmAddClass.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WinStudent
{
    public partial class FrmAddClass : Form
    {
        public FrmAddClass()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化年级列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void FrmAddClass_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            InitGradeList();//加载年级列表
        }

        //一个班级,必须属于某个年级  
        private void InitGradeList()
        {
            string sql = "select GradeId,GradeName from GradeInfos";
            DataTable dtGradeList = SqlHelper.GetDataTable(sql);

            cboGrades.DataSource = dtGradeList;
            //年级名称 ---- 项
            cboGrades.DisplayMember = "GradeName";//显示的内容
            cboGrades.ValueMember = "GradeId";//值

            cboGrades.SelectedIndex = 0;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加班级
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //信息获取
            string className = txtClassName.Text.Trim();
            int gradeId = (int)cboGrades.SelectedValue;
            string remark = txtRemark.Text.Trim();
            //判断是否为空
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(className))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("班级名称不能为空!", "添加班级提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                return;
            }
            //判断是否已存在  数据库里去检查--- 与数据库进行交互
            {
                string sqlExists = "select count(1) from ClassInfos where ClassName=@ClassName and GradeId=@GradeId";
                SqlParameter[] paras =
                {
                    new SqlParameter("@ClassName",className),
                    new SqlParameter("@GradeId",gradeId)
                };
                object oCount = SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(sqlExists, paras);
                if (oCount == null || oCount == DBNull.Value || ((int)oCount) == 0)
                {
                    //添加操作
                    string sqlAdd = "insert into ClassInfos (ClassName,GradeId,Remark) values (@ClassName,@GradeId,@Remark)";
                    SqlParameter[] parasAdd =
                    {
                        new SqlParameter("@ClassName",className),
                        new SqlParameter("@GradeId",gradeId),
                        new SqlParameter("@Remark",remark)
                    };
                    //执行并返回值
                    int count = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(sqlAdd, parasAdd);
                    if(count>0)
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show($"班级:{className} 添加成功!", "添加班级提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                        
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("班级添加失败!", "添加班级提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                        return;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("班级名称已存在!", "添加班级提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        private void btnClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Close();
        }
    }
}

DrmAddClass.Designer.cs

namespace WinStudent
{
    partial class FrmAddClass
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region Windows Form Designer generated code

        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
            this.btnClose = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.btnAdd = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.txtRemark = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.cboGrades = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
            this.txtClassName = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.panel1.SuspendLayout();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // panel1
            // 
            this.panel1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Top | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom) 
            | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left) 
            | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Right)));
            this.panel1.AutoScroll = true;
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnClose);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnAdd);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.txtRemark);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.cboGrades);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.txtClassName);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.label3);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.label2);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.label1);
            this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(25, 26);
            this.panel1.Name = "panel1";
            this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(275, 257);
            this.panel1.TabIndex = 0;
            // 
            // btnClose
            // 
            this.btnClose.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(162, 222);
            this.btnClose.Name = "btnClose";
            this.btnClose.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
            this.btnClose.TabIndex = 7;
            this.btnClose.Text = "关闭";
            this.btnClose.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this.btnClose.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnClose_Click);
            // 
            // btnAdd
            // 
            this.btnAdd.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 222);
            this.btnAdd.Name = "btnAdd";
            this.btnAdd.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
            this.btnAdd.TabIndex = 6;
            this.btnAdd.Text = "添加";
            this.btnAdd.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this.btnAdd.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnAdd_Click);
            // 
            // txtRemark
            // 
            this.txtRemark.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 96);
            this.txtRemark.Multiline = true;
            this.txtRemark.Name = "txtRemark";
            this.txtRemark.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(212, 93);
            this.txtRemark.TabIndex = 5;
            // 
            // cboGrades
            // 
            this.cboGrades.FormattingEnabled = true;
            this.cboGrades.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 47);
            this.cboGrades.Name = "cboGrades";
            this.cboGrades.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(138, 20);
            this.cboGrades.TabIndex = 4;
            // 
            // txtClassName
            // 
            this.txtClassName.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 9);
            this.txtClassName.Name = "txtClassName";
            this.txtClassName.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(212, 21);
            this.txtClassName.TabIndex = 3;
            // 
            // label3
            // 
            this.label3.AutoSize = true;
            this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(5, 99);
            this.label3.Name = "label3";
            this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(35, 12);
            this.label3.TabIndex = 2;
            this.label3.Text = "描述:";
            // 
            // label2
            // 
            this.label2.AutoSize = true;
            this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(5, 50);
            this.label2.Name = "label2";
            this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(35, 12);
            this.label2.TabIndex = 1;
            this.label2.Text = "年级:";
            // 
            // label1
            // 
            this.label1.AutoSize = true;
            this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 12);
            this.label1.Name = "label1";
            this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(35, 12);
            this.label1.TabIndex = 0;
            this.label1.Text = "班名:";
            // 
            // FrmAddClass
            // 
            this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
            this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(326, 313);
            this.Controls.Add(this.panel1);
            this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.FixedSingle;
            this.MaximizeBox = false;
            this.Name = "FrmAddClass";
            this.Text = "班级信息页面";
            this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.FrmAddClass_Load);
            this.panel1.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.panel1.PerformLayout();
            this.ResumeLayout(false);

        }

        #endregion

        private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtRemark;
        private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cboGrades;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtClassName;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnClose;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnAdd;
    }
}

FrmAddStudent.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WinStudent
{
    public partial class FrmAddStudent : Form
    {
        public FrmAddStudent()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //1）获取页面信息输入
            string stuName = txtStuName.Text.Trim();
            int classId = (int)cboClasses.SelectedValue;
            string sex = rbtMale.Checked ? rbtMale.Text.Trim() : rbtFemale.Text.Trim();
            string phone = txtPhone.Text.Trim();
            //2）判空处理 姓名不可以为空  电话不可以为空
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(stuName))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("姓名不能为空!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                return;
            }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(phone))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("电话不能为空!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                return;
            }
            //3）判断 姓名+电话  是否在数据库里已存在 姓名+电话
            string sql = "select count(1) from StudentInfos where StuName=@StuName and Phone=@phone";
            SqlParameter[] paras =
            {
                new SqlParameter("@StuName",stuName),
                new SqlParameter("@phone",phone)
            };
            object o = SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(sql, paras);
            if (o != null && o != DBNull.Value && ((int)o) > 0)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("该学生已存在!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                return;
            }
            //4）添加入库 sql  参数 执行  完成返回受影响行数
            string sqlAdd = "insert into StudentInfos(StuName,ClassId,Sex,Phone) values(@StuName,@ClassId,@Sex,@Phone)";
            SqlParameter[] parasAdd =
           {
                new SqlParameter("@StuName",stuName),
                new SqlParameter("@ClassId",classId),
                new SqlParameter("@Sex",sex),
                new SqlParameter("@phone",phone)
            };
           int count = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(sqlAdd, parasAdd);
            if(count>0)
            {
                MessageBox.Show($"学生:{stuName} 添加成功!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("该学生添加失败,请检查!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                return;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 加载班级列表\性别默认选择男
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void FrmAddStudent_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            InitClasses();//加载班级列表
            rbtMale.Checked = true;
        }

        private void InitClasses()
        {
            //获取数据   ---- 查询  ---写sql
            string sql = "select ClassId,ClassName,GradeName from ClassInfos c,GradeInfos g where c.GradeId=g.GradeId";

            DataTable dtClasses = SqlHelper.GetDataTable(sql);
            //组合班级列表显示项的过程 
            if (dtClasses.Rows.Count > 0)
            {
                foreach (DataRow dr in dtClasses.Rows)
                {
                    string className = dr["ClassName"].ToString();
                    string gradeName = dr["GradeName"].ToString();
                    dr["ClassName"] = className + "--" + gradeName;
                }

            }

            //指定数据源
            cboClasses.DataSource = dtClasses;
            cboClasses.DisplayMember = "ClassName";
            cboClasses.ValueMember = "ClassId";
            cboClasses.SelectedIndex = 0;
        }

        private void btnClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Close();
        }
    }
}

FrmGradeList.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WinStudent
{
    public partial class FrmGradeList : Form
    {
        public FrmGradeList()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void FrmGradeList_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string sql = "select GradeId,GradeName from GradeInfos";
            DataTable dtGradeList = SqlHelper.GetDataTable(sql);

            dgvGradeList.DataSource = dtGradeList;
        }
        
    }
}

FrmLogin.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace WinStudent
{
    public partial class FrmLogin : Form
    {
        public FrmLogin()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 登录系统
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnLogin_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //获取用户输入信息
            string uName = txtUserName.Text.Trim();
            string uPwd = txtUserPwd.Text.Trim();
            //判断是否为空
            if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(uName))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请输入账号!", "登录提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                txtUserName.Focus();
                return;
            }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(uPwd))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请输入密码!", "登录提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                txtUserPwd.Focus();
                return;
            }
            //与数据库通信  检查输入与数据库中是否一致
            {

                //写查询语句 拼接式 Sql注入  推荐大家使用参数化Sql
                string sql = "select count(1) from UserInfos where UserName=@UserName and UserPwd=@UserPwd";
         
                SqlParameter[] paras =
                {
                    new SqlParameter("@UserName", uName),
                    new SqlParameter("@UserPwd", uPwd)
                };

                建立与数据库的连接
                 连接字符串 --- 钥匙  
                string connString = "server=.;database=StudentDB;Integrated Security=true";//字符串   Windows身份验证
                //string connString = "server=.;database=StudentDB;uid=lyc;pwd=123456;";//Sql Server 身份验证    Data Source    Initial Catalog    User Id   Password
                //SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);
                //添加参数
                //SqlParameter paraUName = new SqlParameter("@UserName", uName);
                //SqlParameter paraUPwd = new SqlParameter("@UserPwd", uPwd);
                创建Command对象
                //SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
                cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;//存储过程
                //cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                cmd.Parameters.Add(paraUName);
                cmd.Parameters.Add(paraUPwd);
                //cmd.Parameters.AddRange(paras);
                打开连接
                //conn.Open(); //最晚打开  最早关闭
                执行命令  要求必须在连接状态  Opened
                //object o = cmd.ExecuteScalar();//执行查询,返回结果集第一行第一列的值,忽略其他行或列
                关闭连接
                //conn.Close();

                //调用
              
                object o = SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(sql, paras);

                //处理结果
                if (o==null||o==DBNull.Value ||((int)o)==0)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("登录账号或密码有错,请检查!", "登录提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                    return;
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("登录成功!", "登录提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                    //转到主页面
                    FrmMain fMain = new FrmMain();
                    fMain.Show();
                    this.Hide();
                }
            }




          


        }

        private void btnExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Close();
           // Application.Exit();
        }
    }
}