GAN 简介与代码实战

1.介绍
    gan由 Ian Goodfellow 首先提出的，最近两年也是非常热门。 GAN 有两个网络，一个是 generator，一个是 discriminator，它们的对抗表现在：生成网络想让判别器认为自己生成的图片是真实的，而判别器想让自己能准确的判断出那个图片是生成的那个图片是真实的。更加详细的介绍可以参见论文：Generative Adversarial Nets

2.模型结构
   对于第一篇论文gan，文中并没有详细介绍网络结构，而是详细介绍它的思想。对于下面的算法流程，我们只要记住二点就行

   1. 更新判别器网络的时候，不更新生成器网络，更新生成器网络的时候，不更新判别器网络  

   2. 生成器网络就是不断的学习将噪声（噪声是一个固定分布，比如正态分布，或者高斯分布）转化图片，这样以来，我们在生成图片的时候，只需取同样的分布就可以生成图片   

3.模型特点

  对抗学习，以假乱真

4.代码实现 keras

class GAN():
    def __init__(self):
        self.img_rows = 28
        self.img_cols = 28
        self.channels = 1
        self.img_shape = (self.img_rows, self.img_cols, self.channels)
        self.latent_dim = 100
 
        optimizer = Adam(0.0002, 0.5)
 
        # Build and compile the discriminator
        self.discriminator = self.build_discriminator()
        self.discriminator.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
            optimizer=optimizer,
            metrics=['accuracy'])
 
        # Build the generator
        self.generator = self.build_generator()
 
        # The generator takes noise as input and generates imgs
        z = Input(shape=(self.latent_dim,))
        img = self.generator(z)
 
        # For the combined model we will only train the generator
        self.discriminator.trainable = False
 
        # The discriminator takes generated images as input and determines validity
        validity = self.discriminator(img)
 
        # The combined model  (stacked generator and discriminator)
        # Trains the generator to fool the discriminator
        self.combined = Model(z, validity)
        self.combined.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', optimizer=optimizer)
 
 
    def build_generator(self):
 
        model = Sequential()
 
        model.add(Dense(256, input_dim=self.latent_dim))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(BatchNormalization(momentum=0.8))
        model.add(Dense(512))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(BatchNormalization(momentum=0.8))
        model.add(Dense(1024))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(BatchNormalization(momentum=0.8))
        model.add(Dense(np.prod(self.img_shape), activation='tanh'))
        model.add(Reshape(self.img_shape))
 
        model.summary()
 
        noise = Input(shape=(self.latent_dim,))
        img = model(noise)
 
        return Model(noise, img)
 
    def build_discriminator(self):
 
        model = Sequential()
 
        model.add(Flatten(input_shape=self.img_shape))
        model.add(Dense(512))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(Dense(256))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
        model.summary()
 
        img = Input(shape=self.img_shape)
        validity = model(img)
 
        return Model(img, validity)
 
    def train(self, epochs, batch_size=128, sample_interval=50):
 
        # Load the dataset
        (X_train, _), (_, _) = mnist.load_data()
 
        # Rescale -1 to 1
        X_train = X_train / 127.5 - 1.
        X_train = np.expand_dims(X_train, axis=3)
 
        # Adversarial ground truths
        valid = np.ones((batch_size, 1))
        fake = np.zeros((batch_size, 1))
 
        for epoch in range(epochs):
 
            # ---------------------
            #  Train Discriminator
            # ---------------------
 
            # Select a random batch of images
            idx = np.random.randint(0, X_train.shape[0], batch_size)
            imgs = X_train[idx]
 
            noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, (batch_size, self.latent_dim))
 
            # Generate a batch of new images
            gen_imgs = self.generator.predict(noise)
 
            # Train the discriminator
            d_loss_real = self.discriminator.train_on_batch(imgs, valid)
            d_loss_fake = self.discriminator.train_on_batch(gen_imgs, fake)
            d_loss = 0.5 * np.add(d_loss_real, d_loss_fake)
 
            # ---------------------
            #  Train Generator
            # ---------------------
 
            noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, (batch_size, self.latent_dim))
 
            # Train the generator (to have the discriminator label samples as valid)
            g_loss = self.combined.train_on_batch(noise, valid)
 
            # Plot the progress
            print ("%d [D loss: %f, acc.: %.2f%%] [G loss: %f]" % (epoch, d_loss[0], 100*d_loss[1], g_loss))
 
            # If at save interval => save generated image samples
            if epoch % sample_interval == 0:
                self.sample_images(epoch)
 
    def sample_images(self, epoch):
        r, c = 5, 5
        noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, (r * c, self.latent_dim))
        gen_imgs = self.generator.predict(noise)
 
        # Rescale images 0 - 1
        gen_imgs = 0.5 * gen_imgs + 0.5
 
        fig, axs = plt.subplots(r, c)
        cnt = 0
        for i in range(r):
            for j in range(c):
                axs[i,j].imshow(gen_imgs[cnt, :,:,0], cmap='gray')
                axs[i,j].axis('off')
                cnt += 1
        fig.savefig("images/%d.png" % epoch)
        plt.close()