Python数值方法和可视化

• 随机数和蒙特卡洛模拟
• 求解单一变量非线性方程
• 求解线性系统方程
• 函数的数学积分
• 常微分方程的数值解

• 等势线绘图和曲线
  • 等势线 

    

  • 

  • import numpy as np
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
    
    x_vals = np.linspace(-5,5,20)
    y_vals = np.linspace(0,10,20)
    
    X,Y = np.meshgrid(x_vals,y_vals)
    Z = X**2 * Y**0.5
    line_count = 15
    
    ax = Axes3D(plt.figure())
    ax.plot_surface(X,Y,Z,rstride=1,cstride=1)
    plt.show()

• 非线性方程的数学解

  • 一般实函数  Scipy.optimize

    • fsolve函数求零点（限定只给实数解）

      • import scipy.optimize as so
        from scipy.optimize import fsolve
        
        f = lambda x:x**2-1
        fsolve(f,0.5)
        fsolve(f,-0.5)
        fsolve(f,[-0.5,0.5])
        
        
        >>>fsolve(f,-0.5,full_output=True)
        >>>(array([-1.]), {'nfev': 9, 'fjac': array([[-1.]]), 'r': array([1.99999875]), 'qtf': array([3.82396337e-10]), 'fvec': array([4.4408921e-16])}, 1, 'The solution converged.')
        
        >>>help(fsolve)
        >>>Help on function fsolve in module scipy.optimize._minpack_py:
        
        fsolve(func, x0, args=(), fprime=None, full_output=0, col_deriv=0, xtol=1.49012e-08, maxfev=0, band=None, epsfcn=None, factor=100, diag=None)
            Find the roots of a function.
            
            Return the roots of the (non-linear) equations defined by
            ``func(x) = 0`` given a starting estimate.