C语言 学生教务管理系统（数据的增删改查，排序）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define M 100 

struct student {
    int  num;		
    char name[10];	
    char sex;		
    int  age;		
    int  major; 
    int  cla;   
    float chinese;	
    float math;	    
    float english;	
    float ave;		
};

int OpenData(struct student **p)
{
    FILE *fp;
    int n=0;
    fp=fopen("student.dat", "rb" );
    if(!fp) return 0;
    fseek(fp,0,SEEK_END);
    n=ftell(fp)/sizeof(struct student);
    fseek(fp,0,SEEK_SET);
    *p=(struct student *)malloc(n*sizeof(struct student));
    if(*p==NULL) return 0;
    fread(*p,sizeof(struct student),n,fp);   
    fclose(fp);	
    return n;
}

int SaveData(struct student *p,int n)
{
    FILE *fp;
    fp=fopen("student.dat", "wb+" );
    if(!fp) return 0;
    fwrite(p,sizeof(struct student),n,fp);
    fclose(fp);	
    return 1;
}

int Menu(int n,char *ti,char p[][13])
{
    int i,ii;
    lm:
    system("cls");
    printf("\t%s\n",ti); 
    printf("------------------------------\n"); 
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
        printf("\t%d %s\n",i+1,p[i]);
    printf("\t0 退出选择\n");
    printf("------------------------------\n");
    printf("\t您的选择是(0～%d)：",n);
    scanf("%d",&ii);    
    if(ii<0||ii>n) {
        printf("输入有错，请重新输入！\n");
        system("pause");
        goto lm;
    }
    return ii;
} 

int SelCode(int m)
{ 
    int i;
    if(m==0) return -1;    
    else if(m==1) {
        printf("\n请输入专业代码：");
        scanf("%d",&m);
    } 
    else if(m==2) {
        printf("\n请输入班级代码：");
        scanf("%d",&m);
    }
    return m;
}

void GetCode(char *s)
{
    char ch;
    int i;
    for(i=0;(ch=getch())!=13;) {
        if(ch==8) {
            printf("\b");
            putchar(' ');
            printf("\b");
            if(i>0) i--;
        }
        else {
            s[i]=ch;
            printf("*");
            i++;
        }
    }   
    s[i]='\0'; 
}

int Identity()
{
	FILE *fp;
	char p[20],c[20],ch;
	int i,n;
	fp=fopen("password.txt", "r");
	fgets(p,20,fp);
	fclose(fp); 
    printf("请输入密码：");
	for(n=0;n<3;n++) {
		GetCode(c);      
		if(strcmp(c,p)==0) {
			system("cls");
			printf("\n登录成功！\n");
			system("pause");
			break;
		}
		else {
			system("cls");
			printf("\n密码错误！\n请重新输入\n");
		}
	}
	return(n);
}

void Alter()
{
	FILE *fp;
	char p[20],c[20],ch;
	int i;
	fp=fopen("password.txt", "r");
	fgets(p,20,fp);
	fclose(fp);
	printf("请输入原密码\n");
	GetCode(c);
	if(strcmp(c,p)!=0) {
		printf("\n密码错误！");
		return;
	}
	printf("\n请输入新密码：\n");
	GetCode(c);
	printf("\n确认新密码：\n");
	GetCode(p);
	if(strcmp(c,p)==0) {
		fp=fopen("password.txt", "w");
		fputs(p,fp);
		fclose(fp); 
		printf("\n修改成功！");
	}
}

void Print(struct student *p,int n)
{
    int i;
    printf("\n%6s%10s%6s%6s%6s%6s%7s%7s%7s%7s\n","编号","姓名","性别","年龄","专业","班级","语文","数学","英语","平均");
	for(i=0;i<n;i++)		
        printf("%6d%10s%6c%6d%6d%6d%7.1f%7.1f%7.1f%7.1f\n",p[i].num,p[i].name,p[i].sex,p[i].age,p[i].major,p[i].cla,p[i].chinese,p[i].math,p[i].english,p[i].ave);
}

void PrintNumber(struct student *p,int n,int k)
{
    int i;
    if(k<1&&k>n) {
        printf("\n序号有错！");
        return; 
    }
    printf("\n%6s%10s%6s%6s%6s%6s%7s%7s%7s%7s\n","编号","姓名","性别","年龄","专业","班级","语文","数学","英语","平均");
    printf("%6d%10s%6c%6d%6d%6d%7.1f%7.1f%7.1f%7.1f\n",p[k].num,p[k].name,p[k].sex,p[k].age,p[k].major,p[k].cla,p[k].chinese,p[k].math,p[k].english,p[k].ave);
}

void InputData(struct student *p,int i)
{
    if(i==0) printf("\n请输入学生信息！\n");
    else printf("\n请输入学生%d的信息\n",i);
    printf("学号：");
    scanf("%d",&(p->num)); 
    printf("姓名：");
    scanf("%s",p->name); 
    printf("性别：");
    fflush(stdin);
    scanf("%c",&(p->sex)); 
    printf("年龄：");  
    scanf("%d",&(p->age)); 
    printf("专业：");
    fflush(stdin);
    scanf("%d",&(p->major)); 
    printf("班级：");
    scanf("%d",&(p->cla)); 
    printf("中文：");
    scanf("%f",&(p->chinese)); 
    printf("数学：");
    scanf("%f",&(p->math)); 
    printf("英语：");
    scanf("%f",&(p->english)); 
    p->ave=(p->chinese+p->math+p->english)/3; 
}

int CreateClass(struct student **p)
{ 
    int i,m;    
ll: printf("\n请输入班级人数：");
    scanf("%d",&m);
    if(m<1||m>M) {
        printf("\n数据有错！请重新输入\n");
        goto ll;
    } 
    *p=(struct student *)malloc(m*sizeof(struct student)); 
    if(!p) return 0;    
    printf("\n学生信息登入！");
    for(i=0;i<m;i++) {
        InputData(*p+i,i+1);
    }    
    return m;
}

struct student *AddScore(struct student *p,int n)
{
    int i;
    struct student *q;
    q=(struct student *)malloc((n+1)*sizeof(struct student));
    if(!q) return NULL;
    for(i=0;i<n;i++) q[i]=p[i];      
    InputData(q+n,0);
    free(p);
    Print(q,n+1);
    return q;
}

struct student *InsertScore(struct student *p,int n,int k)
{
    int i;
    struct student *q;
    q=(struct student *)malloc((n+1)*sizeof(struct student));
    if(!q) return NULL;
    for(i=0;i<n;i++) q[i]=p[i];      
    free(p);
    for(i=n-1;i>=k-1;i--) q[i+1]=q[i];
    InputData(q+k-1,0);
    Print(q,n+1);
    return q;
}

struct student *DeleteScore(struct student *p,int n,int k)
{
    int i=0,j=0;
    struct student *q;
    while(p[j].num!=k&&j<n) j++;
    if(j>=n) return NULL;    
    for(i=j;i<n-1;i++) p[i]=p[i+1];      
    q=(struct student *)malloc((n-1)*sizeof(struct student));
    if(!q) return NULL;
    for(i=0;i<n-1;i++) q[i]=p[i];    
    free(p);
    return q;
}

void UpdateScore(struct student *p,int n,int k)
{
    int i=0;
    while(p[i].num!=k&&i<n) i++;
    if(i>=n) return;
    printf("\n输入新的成绩!\n");
    InputData(&p[i],0);   
}

/*   
k： 专业、班级，全部 
m： 最高、最低、平均 
f： 数学、英语、文学、平均、学号 
c： 学号 
d:  专业或班级代码
*/
 
int Score(struct student *p,int n,int k,int m,int f,int c,int d)
{
    int i=0,j=0,cc=0,dd=0;
    float mc,me,mm,ma;
    float xc,xe,xm,xa;
    float sc,se,sm,sa;

    if(f==5) {         
        while(j<n)
            if((k==1&&p[j].major==d||k==2&&p[j].cla==d||k==3)&&p[j].num==c) break;
            else j++;
        if(j>=n) printf("\n学号有错！");
        else PrintNumber(p,n,j);
        return 0;
    } 

    while(i<n)
        if(k==1&&p[i].major==d||k==2&&p[i].cla==d||k==3) break;
        else i++;  
    if(i>=n) {
        printf("\n查找失败！\n");
        return 0;
    }  
    sm=se=sc=sa=0;
    xa=ma=p[i].ave;        
    xe=me=p[i].english;
    xc=mc=p[i].chinese;
    xm=mm=p[i].math;
    while(++i<n){
        if(k==1&&p[i].major==d||k==2&&p[i].cla==d||k==3){            
            if(p[i].chinese>mc) mc=p[i].chinese;
            if(p[i].math>mm) mm=p[i].math;
            if(p[i].english>me) me=p[i].english;
            if(p[i].ave>ma) ma=p[i].ave;
            if(p[i].chinese<xc) xc=p[i].chinese;
            if(p[i].math<xm) xm=p[i].math;
            if(p[i].english<xe) xe=p[i].english;
            if(p[i].ave<xa) xa=p[i].ave;
            sm=sm+p[i].math;
            sc=sc+p[i].chinese;
            se=se+p[i].english;
            sa=sa+p[i].ave;
            cc++; 
        }
    }
    sa=sa/cc; 
    sc=sc/cc; 
    sm=sm/cc; 
    se=se/cc;     
    if(m==1&&f==1)return mc;
    else if(m==1&&f==2) return mm;
    else if(m==1&&f==3) return me;
    else if(m==1&&f==4) return ma;
    else if(m==2&&f==1) return xc;
    else if(m==2&&f==2) return xm;
    else if(m==2&&f==3) return xe;
    else if(m==2&&f==4) return xa;
    else if(m==3&&f==1) return sc;
    else if(m==3&&f==2) return sm;
    else if(m==3&&f==3) return se;  
    else if(m==3&&f==4) return sa;  
    else return 0;    
}

void Sort(struct student *p,int n,int k,int d,int f)
{
    int i,j,m=0;
    struct student *q,t;
    q=(struct student *)malloc(n*sizeof(struct student));
    if(!q) return;    
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
        if(k==1&&p[i].major==d||k==2&&p[i].cla==d||k==3) q[m++]=p[i];         
    for(i=0;i<m;i++) {
        for(j=0;j<m-i-1;j++){
            if(f==5) {                
                if(q[j].num<q[j+1].num){
                    t=q[j];
                    q[j]=q[j+1];
                    q[j+1]=t;                
                }
            }
            else if(f==1){
                if(q[j].chinese<q[j+1].chinese){
                    t=q[j];
                    q[j]=q[j+1];
                    q[j+1]=t;                
                }
            }
            else if(f==2){     
                if(q[j].math<q[j+1].math){
                    t=q[j];
                    q[j]=q[j+1];
                    q[j+1]=t;                
                }
            }
            else if(f==3){
                if(q[j].english<q[j+1].english){
                    t=q[j];
                    q[j]=q[j+1];
                    q[j+1]=t;                
               }
            }            
            else if(f==4){
                if(q[j].ave<q[j+1].ave){
                    t=q[j];
                    q[j]=q[j+1];
                    q[j+1]=t;                
                }
            }                   
        }
    }
 
    Print(q,m);
    free(q);       
}

int main()
{
    char s1[]="选择功能菜单";
    char p1[][13]={"数据显示","数据插入","数据查询","数据排序","数据登录","数据删除","数据更改","数据保存","密码修改"};
    char s2[]="选择查询范围"; 
    char p2[][13]={"按专业查询","按班级查询","所有学生查询"};
    char s3[]="选择查询内容"; 
    char p3[][13]={"最高分","最低分","平均分"};
    char s4[]="选择排序范围"; 
    char p4[][13]={"按专业排","按班级排序","所有学生排序"};
    char s5[]="选择栏目"; 
    char p5[][13]={"语文","数学","英语","平均","学号"};
    int n=0,i,j,k,l,m,sel;
    float x;
    struct student *stu;    
    
    printf("\n\t\t学生信息管理系统！\n");    
    if(Identity()==3) {
		printf("\n抱歉密码不对，系统关闭！\n");
		system("pause"); 
		return -1;
	}
    if(!(n=OpenData(&stu))) n=CreateClass(&stu); 
    system("cls");
    do {
        sel=Menu(9,s1,p1);    
        switch(sel) {  		   
            case 1:
                printf("\n学生信息列表！");
	            Print(stu,n);
	            break;
            case 2:
	            printf("\n学生信息登录！");
	            printf("\n输入插入的位置(%d和%d之间的值)：",0,n);
	            scanf("%d",&l);
	            if(l<0||l>n) {
                    printf("\n位置值有错！\n");
                    break;
                }
                stu=InsertScore(stu,n,l);
	            if(stu) n++;
	            break;
            case 3:
                i=Menu(3,s2,p2);                
                m=SelCode(i);
                if(m==-1) break;
                k=Menu(5,s5,p5);
                if(k==0) break;
                if(k!=5) {
                    j=Menu(3,s3,p3);
                    if(j==0) break;              
                }
                else {
                    printf("请输入学号：");
                    scanf("%d",&l);
                }                                           
                x=Score(stu,n,i,j,k,l,m);  
                if(x) printf("\n结果为%f\n",x);                   
                break;
            case 4:
                i=Menu(3,s4,p4);
                m=SelCode(i);
                if(m==-1) break;
                j=Menu(5,s5,p5);
                if(j==0) break;
                Sort(stu,n,i,m,j);                
	            break;
            case 5:
                if(stu=AddScore(stu,n)) {                   
	               printf("\n学生成绩已增加！\n");
	               n++;
	               Print(stu,n); 
                }
 	            break;
            case 6:
                if(!n){ 
                    printf("\n无数据可删除！");
                    break; 
                }               
                printf("\n请输入学生的学号：");
                scanf("%d",&i);
                stu=DeleteScore(stu,n,i);
                n--;
                printf("\n学生%d的成绩已经删除\n",i);
                Print(stu,n);
                break;
            case 7:
                printf("\n请输入学生的学号：");
                scanf("%d",&i);
                UpdateScore(stu,n,i);
                Print(stu,n);
                printf("\n学生信息已更新！\n");
                break;
            case 8:
                printf("\n保存数据！");
                SaveData(stu,n);
                printf("\n数据已经保存！\n");
                break;
            case 9:
                printf("\n修改密码\n");
				Alter();
				break;
            case 0:
                break;
            default:
                printf("\n输入错误！\n");
        }
        system("pause");
    } while(sel!=0);
    printf("\n谢谢您的使用，再见！\n");
    system("pause");
    if(stu) free(stu); 
    return 0;
}

 

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