【图像去噪】均值滤波+中值滤波+高斯低通滤波+多种小波变换图像去噪matlab源码GUI

Matlab科研辅导帮

已于 2024-09-23 22:39:52 修改

阅读量31

点赞数

文章标签：算法 opencv 计算机视觉 slam 深度学习

于 2021-06-29 22:19:32 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_60703264/article/details/120136283

版权

一、简介

均值滤波是指任意一点的像素值，都是周围 $N \times M$ 个像素值的均值。例如下图中，红色点的像素值是其周围蓝色背景区域像素值之和除25，25=5 $\times$ 5 是蓝色区域的大小。

均值滤波详细的计算方法如下图所示：

其中5 $\times$ 5的矩阵称为核，针对原始图像内的像素点，采用核进行处理，得到结果图像，如下图所示：

提取 1/25 可以将核转换为如下形式：

3 中值滤波

在使用邻域平均法去噪的同时也使得边界变得模糊。而中值滤波是非线性的图像处理方法，在去噪的同时可以兼顾到边界信息的保留。选一个含有奇数点的窗口，将这个窗口在图像上扫描，把窗口中所含的像素点按灰度级的升或降序排列，取位于中间的灰度值来代替该点的灰度值。计算过程如下图所示：

4 高斯滤波

为了克服简单局部平均法的弊端(图像模糊)，目前已提出许多保持边缘、细节的局部平滑算法。它们的出发点都集中在如何选择邻域的大小、形状和方向、参数加平均及邻域各店的权重系数等。

图像高斯平滑也是邻域平均的思想对图像进行平滑的一种方法，在图像高斯平滑中，对图像进行平均时，不同位置的像素被赋予了不同的权重。高斯平滑与简单平滑不同，它在对邻域内像素进行平均时，给予不同位置的像素不同的权值，下图的所示的 3 $\times$ 3 和 5 $\times$ 5 邻域的高斯模板。

(1)核大小为 3 $\times$ 3

$\frac{1}{16}\times \left[ \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 & 1 \\ 2 & 4 & 2 \\ 1 & 2 & 1 \\ \end{matrix} \right]=\left[ \begin{matrix} {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{16}\; & {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{8}\; & {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{16}\; \\ {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{8}\; & {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{4}\; & {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{8}\; \\ {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{16}\; & {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{8}\; & {}^{1}\!\!\diagup\!\!{}_{16}\; \\ \end{matrix} \right]$

(1)核大小为 5 $\times$ 5

$\frac{1}{273}\times \left[ \begin{matrix} 1 & 4 & 7 & 4 & 1 \\ 4 & 16 & 26 & 16 & 4 \\ 7 & 26 & 41 & 26 & 7 \\ 4 & 16 & 26 & 16 & 4 \\ 1 & 4 & 7 & 4 & 1 \\ \end{matrix} \right]$

高斯滤波让临近的像素具有更高的重要度，对周围像素计算加权平均值，较近的像素具有较大的权重值。如下图所示，中心位置权重最高为0.4。

二、源代码

``` function varargout = ImageProcess(varargin) % IMAGEPROCESS MATLAB code for ImageProcess.fig % IMAGEPROCESS, by itself, creates a new IMAGEPROCESS or raises the existing % singleton. % % H = IMAGEPROCESS returns the handle to a new IMAGEPROCESS or the handle to % the existing singleton. % % IMAGEPROCESS('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local % function named CALLBACK in IMAGEPROCESS.M with the given input arguments. % % IMAGEPROCESS('Property','Value',...) creates a new IMAGEPROCESS or raises the % existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are % applied to the GUI before ImageProcessOpeningFcn gets called. An % unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application % stop. All inputs are passed to ImageProcessOpeningFcn via varargin. % % *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one % instance to run (singleton)". % % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help ImageProcess

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 28-May-2015 23:28:37

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT guiSingleton = 1; guiState = struct('guiName', mfilename, ... 'guiSingleton', guiSingleton, ... 'guiOpeningFcn', @ImageProcessOpeningFcn, ... 'guiOutputFcn', @ImageProcessOutputFcn, ... 'guiLayoutFcn', [] , ... 'guiCallback', []); if nargin && ischar(varargin{1}) guiState.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1}); end

if nargout [varargout{1:nargout}] = guimainfcn(guiState, varargin{:}); else guimainfcn(guiState, varargin{:}); end % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before ImageProcess is made visible. function ImageProcess_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn. % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % varargin command line arguments to ImageProcess (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for ImageProcess

global ImagesShownCnt; ImagesShownCnt = 0;

set(handles.axes1,'visible','off') set(handles.axes2,'visible','off') set(handles.axes3,'visible','off') set(handles.axes4,'visible','off') set(handles.axes5,'visible','off') set(handles.axes6,'visible','off') set(handles.axesSrcImg,'visible','off') setappdata(0,'thr',0.0); handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure guidata(hObject, handles); % UIWAIT makes ImageProcess wait for user response (see UIRESUME) % uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = ImageProcess_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure varargout{1} = handles.output;

% -------------------------------------------------------------------- function File_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to File (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% -------------------------------------------------------------------- function Open_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to Open (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% -------------------------------------------------------------------- function Save_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to Save (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% -------------------------------------------------------------------- function SaveAsCallback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to Save_As (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3. function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global srcImg; global dstImg; global doubledstImg; global doublesrcImg; % IMGTYPE % 0 Gray % 1 Color global IMGTYPE; [filename, pathname] = uigetfile({'.bmp;.jpg;.png;.jpeg;*.tif'},'Pick an image'); if isequal(filename,0)||isequal(pathname,0) return; end fpath=[pathname filename]; srcImg=imread(fpath); axes(handles.axesSrcImg); imshow(srcImg); if length(size(srcImg))>2 IMGTYPE = 1; else IMGTYPE = 0; end dstImg = srcImg; doubledstImg = im2double(dstImg); doublesrcImg = im2double(srcImg); %title('原始图像','fontsize',8);

% --- Executes on button press in pushbuttonSave. function pushbuttonSave_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbuttonSave (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

function varargout = getthreshold(varargin) % GETTHRESHOLD MATLAB code for getthreshold.fig % GETTHRESHOLD, by itself, creates a new GETTHRESHOLD or raises the existing % singleton. % % H = GETTHRESHOLD returns the handle to a new GETTHRESHOLD or the handle to % the existing singleton. % % GETTHRESHOLD('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local % function named CALLBACK in GETTHRESHOLD.M with the given input arguments. % % GETTHRESHOLD('Property','Value',...) creates a new GETTHRESHOLD or raises the % existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are % applied to the GUI before getthresholdOpeningFcn gets called. An % unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application % stop. All inputs are passed to getthresholdOpeningFcn via varargin. % % *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one % instance to run (singleton)". % % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help getthreshold

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 25-May-2015 21:49:34

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT guiSingleton = 1; guiState = struct('guiName', mfilename, ... 'guiSingleton', guiSingleton, ... 'guiOpeningFcn', @getthresholdOpeningFcn, ... 'guiOutputFcn', @getthresholdOutputFcn, ... 'guiLayoutFcn', [] , ... 'guiCallback', []); if nargin && ischar(varargin{1}) guiState.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1}); end

if nargout [varargout{1:nargout}] = guimainfcn(guiState, varargin{:}); else guimainfcn(guiState, varargin{:}); end % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before getthreshold is made visible. function getthreshold_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn. % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % varargin command line arguments to getthreshold (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for getthreshold handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes getthreshold wait for user response (see UIRESUME) % uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = getthreshold_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure varargout{1} = handles.output;

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbuttonDonoho. function pushbuttonDonoho_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbuttonDonoho (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global doubledstImg; thresh = Donoho(doubledstImg); set(handles.edit1,'string',num2str(thresh)); ```