Ansible的三个命令模块和部分文件操模块

目录

1.command,shell,raw,script模块的作用和区别

2.file模块

3.copy模块

4.fetch模块

5.synchronize模块

---

1.command,shell,raw,script模块的作用和区别

（1）command 模块的使用: 去执行一个脚本文件command.sh, command.sh文件的功能是echo "I am command module" 

受控主机上创建文件
[root@client_1 ~]# vim command.sh
echo "I am command module"

[root@client_1 ~]# chmod +x command.sh 

[root@client_1 ~]# ll command.sh 
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 27 Aug  4 22:41 command.sh

控制主机操作
[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m command -a "sh /root/command.sh chdir=/root"
client_1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
I am command module

（2）shell模块执行命令 ls /root | grep cfg

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m shell -a "ls /root | grep cfg"
client_1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
anaconda-ks.cfg
initial-setup-ks.cfg

（3）raw模块执行pwd命令

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m raw -a "pwd"
client_1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/home/student
Shared connection to client_1 closed.

（4）script模块执行 script.sh文件，文件的内容为 echo "I am script module"

控制主机创建文件
[root@server ~]# vim script.sh
echo "I am script module"

[root@server ~]# chmod +x script.sh 

[root@server ~]# ll script.sh 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 26 Aug  4 23:16 script.sh

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m script -a "script.sh chdir=/root"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "rc": 0,
    "stderr": "Shared connection to client_1 closed.\r\n",
    "stderr_lines": [
        "Shared connection to client_1 closed."
    ],
    "stdout": "I am script module\r\n",
    "stdout_lines": [
        "I am script module"
    ]
}

2.file模块

（1）创建文件，并指定用户，用户组为student， 且权限为600

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m file -a "path=/home/student/file_test state=touch owner=student group=student mode=600"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "dest": "/home/student/file_test",
    "gid": 1112,
    "group": "student",
    "mode": "0600",
    "owner": "student",
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    "size": 0,
    "state": "file",
    "uid": 1112
}

[student@client_1 ~]$ ll
total 0
-rw-------. 1 student student 0 Aug  5 00:32 file_test

（2）创建目录，并指定用户，用户组为student,   且权限为755

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m file -a "path=/home/student/dir_test state=directory owner=student group=student mode=755"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "dest": "/home/student/dir_test",
    "gid": 1112,
    "group": "student",
    "mode": "0755",
    "owner": "student",
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    "size": 0,
    "state": "file",
    "uid": 1112
}

[student@client_1 ~]$ ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Aug  5 00:35 dir_test
-rw-------. 1 student student 0 Aug  5 00:32 file_test

（3）创建链接文件

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m file -a "path=/home/student/linkfile state=link src=/home/student/file_test"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "dest": "/home/student/linkfile",
    "gid": 0,
    "group": "root",
    "mode": "0777",
    "owner": "root",
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    "size": 23,
    "src": "/home/student/file_test",
    "state": "link",
    "uid": 0
}

[student@client_1 ~]$ ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student  6 Aug  5 00:35 dir_test
-rw-------. 1 student student  0 Aug  5 00:32 file_test
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root    root    23 Aug  5 00:39 linkfile -> /home/student/file_test

（4）删除第一个创建的文件

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m file -a "path=/home/student/file_test state=absent"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "path": "/home/student/file_test",
    "state": "absent"
}

[student@client_1 ~]$ ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student  6 Aug  5 00:35 dir_test
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root    root    23 Aug  5 00:39 linkfile -> /home/student/file_test

3.copy模块

从控制主机到受控主机

（1）复制文件

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m copy -a "src=/root/test1.txt dest=/home/student"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
    "dest": "/home/student/test1.txt",
    "gid": 0,
    "group": "root",
    "md5sum": "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e",
    "mode": "0644",
    "owner": "root",
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    "size": 0,
    "src": "/home/student/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1659631512.7965088-8284-63540058956816/source",
    "state": "file",
    "uid": 0
}

[student@client_1 ~]$ ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student  6 Aug  5 00:35 dir_test
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root    root    23 Aug  5 00:39 linkfile -> /home/student/file_test
-rw-r--r--. 1 root    root     0 Aug  5 00:45 test1.txt

（2）复制目录

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m copy -a "src=/root/tar_test dest=/home/student"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "dest": "/home/student/",
    "src": "/root/tar_test"
}

[student@client_1 ~]$ ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 3 student student 20 Aug  5 00:47 dir_test
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root    root    23 Aug  5 00:39 linkfile -> /home/student/file_test
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root    root    45 Aug  5 00:51 tar_test
-rw-r--r--. 1 root    root     0 Aug  5 00:45 test1.txt
[student@client_1 ~]$ ll tar_test/
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 30 Aug  5 00:51 afile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  0 Aug  5 00:51 bfile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  0 Aug  5 00:51 zfile
[student@client_1 ~]$ 

4.fetch模块

从被控制主机上取文件

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m fetch -a "src=/home/student/file_fetch dest=/root" 
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
    "dest": "/root/client_1/home/student/file_fetch",
    "md5sum": "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e",
    "remote_checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
    "remote_md5sum": null
}

5.synchronize模块

（1）pull: 从被控制主机上拉取目录

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m synchronize -a "src=/home/student/synchronize_test dest=/root mode=pull"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "cmd": "/usr/bin/rsync --delay-updates -F --compress --archive --rsh='/usr/bin/ssh -S none -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null' --rsync-path='sudo -u root rsync' --out-format='<<CHANGED>>%i %n%L' student@client_1:/home/student/synchronize_test /root",
    "msg": "cd+++++++++ synchronize_test/\ncd+++++++++ synchronize_test/synchronize/\n",
    "rc": 0,
    "stdout_lines": [
        "cd+++++++++ synchronize_test/",
        "cd+++++++++ synchronize_test/synchronize/"
    ]
}

[root@server ~]# ll -d synchronize_test
drwxrwxr-x 3 1112 1112 25 Aug  5 01:00 synchronize_test

（2）push：往被控制主机上推送目录

[root@server ~]# ansible client_1 -m synchronize -a "src=/root/my_key_cert dest=/home/student/"
client_1 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "cmd": "/usr/bin/rsync --delay-updates -F --compress --archive --rsh='/usr/bin/ssh -S none -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null' --rsync-path='sudo -u root rsync' --out-format='<<CHANGED>>%i %n%L' /root/my_key_cert student@client_1:/home/student/",
    "msg": "cd+++++++++ my_key_cert/\n<f+++++++++ my_key_cert/cert.crt\n<f+++++++++ my_key_cert/rsa_private.key\n",
    "rc": 0,
    "stdout_lines": [
        "cd+++++++++ my_key_cert/",
        "<f+++++++++ my_key_cert/cert.crt",
        "<f+++++++++ my_key_cert/rsa_private.key"
    ]
}

[student@client_1 ~]$ ll -d my_key_cert
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 45 Jul 30 23:52 my_key_cert