一、Hello Spring MVC
1、先运行,看效果
2、创建项目springmvc并导入jar包
3、web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
4、创建springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="simpleUrlHandlerMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="/index">indexController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="indexController" class="controller.IndexController"></bean>
</beans>
5、控制类 IndexController
package controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public class IndexController implements Controller {
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index.jsp");
mav.addObject("message", "Hello Spring MVC");
return mav;
}
}
6、准备index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<h1>${message}</h1>
7、访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/springmvc/index,观察效果
二、视图定位
1、修改springmvc-servlet.xml
修改springmvc-servlet.xml,增加
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
其作用是把视图约定在 /WEB-INF/page/*.jsp 这个位置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<bean id="simpleUrlHandlerMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="/index">indexController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="indexController" class="controller.IndexController"></bean>
</beans>
2、修改IndexController
把IndexController类的这一行代码
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index.jsp");
修改为
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
package controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public class IndexController implements Controller {
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
mav.addObject("message", "Hello Spring MVC");
return mav;
}
}
3、移动index.jsp
在WEB-INF下新建目录page
把index.jsp移动到 WEB-INF/page 目录下
4、访问页面
http://127.0.0.1:8080/springmvc/index
效果和在Hello Spring MVC中的效果是一样的,但是视图的配置方式发生了变化
三、注解方式
1、修改IndexController
在类前面加上@Controller 表示该类是一个控制器
在方法handleRequest 前面加上 @RequestMapping("/index") 表示路径/index会映射到该方法上
package controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping("/index")
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
mav.addObject("message", "Hello Spring MVC");
return mav;
}
}
2、修改springmvc-servlet.xml
去掉映射相关的配置,因为已经使用注解方式了
增加
<context:component-scan base-package="controller" />
表示从包controller下扫描有@Controller注解的类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="controller" />
<bean id="irViewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- <bean id="simpleUrlHandlerMapping" -->
<!-- class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> -->
<!-- <property name="mappings"> -->
<!-- <props> -->
<!-- <prop key="/index">indexController</prop> -->
<!-- </props> -->
<!-- </property> -->
<!-- </bean> -->
<!-- <bean id="indexController" class="controller.IndexController"></bean> -->
</beans>
3、访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/springmvc/index,观察到效果和通过配置是一样的