1.2实现Runnable接口
推荐使用Runnable对象,因为Java单继承的局限性
自定义线程类实现Runnable接口
实现run()方法,编写线程执行体
创建线程对象,调用start()方法启动对象
实现
public class Demo3_CreateRunnable implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
//run方法线程体
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("我在看代码----" + i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建runnable接口的实现类对象
Demo3_CreateRunnable testThread = new Demo3_CreateRunnable();
//创建线程对象,通过线程对象来开启我们的线程,代理
Thread thread = new Thread(testThread);
//调用start()开启线程
thread.start();
//new Thread(testThread).start();
for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
System.out.println("我在学习多线程----" + i);
}
}
}
案例
火车票:
/**
* 多个线程同时操作同一个对象 买火车票案例
*/
//发现问题:多个线程操作同一个资源的情况下,线程不安全,数据紊乱
public class Demo4_TrainTicketsCase implements Runnable {
//票数
private int ticketNums = 10;
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
if (ticketNums <= 0) {
break;
}
//捕获异常
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "--->拿到了第" + ticketNums-- + "张票");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Demo4_TrainTicketsCase ticket = new Demo4_TrainTicketsCase();
new Thread(ticket, "小红").start();
new Thread(ticket, "老师").start();
new Thread(ticket, "黄牛1").start();
new Thread(ticket, "黄牛2").start();
}
}
龟兔赛跑:
/**
* 模拟龟兔赛跑
*/
public class Demo5_RaceCase implements Runnable {
//胜利者
private static String winner;
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
//模拟兔子休息
if (Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("兔子") && i % 10 == 0) {
try {
Thread.sleep(2);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//判断比赛是否结束
boolean flag = gameOver(i);
//如果比赛结束,停止程序
if (flag) {
break;
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "--->跑了" + i + "步");
}
}
//判断是否完成
private boolean gameOver(int steps) {
if (winner != null) {
return true;
} else {
if (steps >= 100) {
winner = Thread.currentThread().getName();
System.out.println("winner is " + winner);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Demo5_RaceCase race = new Demo5_RaceCase();
new Thread(race, "兔子").start();
new Thread(race, "乌龟").start();
}
}
1.3实现Callable接口(了解)
实现Callable接口,需要返回值类型
重写call方法,需要抛出异常
创建目标对象
创建执行服务:ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
提交执行:Future result1 = ser.submit(11);
获取结果:boolean r1 = result1.get()
关闭服务:ser.shutdownNow();
实现
/**
* 实现Callable接口
*/
public class Demo6_CreateCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {
private String url;//网络图片地址
private String name;//报错扥文件名
//有参构造
public Demo6_CreateCallable(String url, String name) {
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
//下载图片线程的执行体
public Boolean call() throws Exception {
WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
webDownloader.downloader(url, name);
System.out.println("下载了文件名为:" + name);
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
Demo6_CreateCallable c = new Demo6_CreateCallable("https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20201124032511.png", "1.png");
Demo6_CreateCallable c1 = new Demo6_CreateCallable("https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20201124032511.png", "2.png");
Demo6_CreateCallable c2 = new Demo6_CreateCallable("https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20201124032511.png", "3.png");
//创建执行服务
ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
//提交执行
Future<Boolean> r = ser.submit(c);
Future<Boolean> r1 = ser.submit(c1);
Future<Boolean> r2 = ser.submit(c2);
//获取结果
boolean res = r.get();
boolean res1 = r1.get();
boolean res2 = r2.get();
//关闭服务
ser.shutdownNow();
}
}
//class WebDownloader在前面下载图片已经定义了,这里就不用再次写,直接使用就好
好处
可以定义返回值
可以抛出异常
1.4Thread和Runnable对比
继承Thred类:
子类继承Thread类具备多线程能力
启动线程:子类对象.start()
不建议使用:避免OOP单继承局限性
实现Runnable接口
实现接口Runnable具有多线程能力
启动线程:传入目标对象+Thread对象.start()
推荐使用:避免单继承局限性,灵活方便,方便同一个对象被多个线程使用