时态--上部分

动词

动词分类：

一.实义动词:（1）及物动词和不及物动词

                    （2）短暂性动词和延续性动词

二.连系动词

三.助动词
本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定，
疑问，时态或其他语法形式。
eg:

I speak English.
We are learning English.
We have learned English for ten years.

常见的助动词
be (am, is are ,was were ,been过去分词 ,being现在分词)用于进行时(be doing)和被动语态(be done)
have (has单三, had 过去式和分词,having现在分词)用于完成时
(1)do (does, did)用于否定句和疑问句
(2)shall, will用于将来时            
注:    (1)(2)后跟动词原形

助动词必须同主语的人称和数保持一致。

四.情态动词
本身有一定意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词
can, could ,may might ,must, need,should
注意：情态动词有时态的变化

1.具有助动词作用，可以用来构成否定句，疑问句及用于简单回答
Can you sing an English song?
Yes, I can. 
2.后接动词原形
3.无人称和数的变化
动词的五种基本形式
动词原形(do)，第三人称单数(does)，过去式(did)，过去分词(done)和现在分词(doing)

时态

我昨天学英语。
I learned English yesterday.
我每天学英语。
I learn English every day.
我明天学英语。
I will learn English tomorrow.

本质:  谓语动词的形态随时间的变化而变化。
做题思路:  找时间状语-- -定时态--.选构成

一般现在时

1.定义:表经常性，习惯性，规律性动作或目前存在的状态,客观真理、事实，格言等。

2.谓语动词的形式

be动词:主语+am/is/are +其他
实义动词
V原(当生语为I,We ,You, They，可数名词复数时用v原)
V单三, (当主语为He,She, It ,不可数名词,可数名词单数时用V单三)
注：当主语为ITwe/you/they/复数名词+动词原形
        当主语为he/she/it/名词单数/不可数名词/人名/地名+动词单三

3.时间状语:
频率副词: often, usually, always, seldom(很少),
every day/week/ month/year, every morning/evening,
three times a day, twice a week,
on weekdays在工作日，at weekends在周末，on sundays在周日
他每天早上看报纸
He reads newspapers every morning.

4.动词单三变化规则: .
(1) 一般直接在词尾加s: love-loves  eat-eats
(2) 以s、x、ch、sh、o结尾的加es
pass-passes  fix-fixes  watch-watches  wash-washes  go- goes
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i加es
try-tries   study-studies  fly-flies
5.一般现在时的否定和疑问
否定式:
be动词:主+am/is/are+not+其他
实义动词:主+don't/doesn't(第三人称单数) +V原+其他
疑问式:
be动词: Am/Is/Are+主+其 他?
实义动词: Do/Does+主+V原+其他? 

考点:1客观真理，事实，格言，谚语使用一般现在时

eg: Shanghai lies in the east of China. .
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败
The Columbys proved that the earth is round.
As is known to us all, light runs faster than sound.(2019)

1.The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
A.went
B.go
C.goes
D.is going

2.按时间表，时刻表，日程表等将要发生的动作时，用一般
现在时表将来，句中可以有将来时间。(go arrive leave. start.
return )
Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 takes off at 18:20.
The train for Zhengzhou leaves at 9:00 in tne moring.

一般过去时

1.定义: 表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态

过去发生的动作。
The police stopped me on my way home last night.
过去存在的状态。
They weren't able to come because they were so busy.
过去经常，反复发生的动作。
He always went swimming when he was a young child.
2.谓语动词的形式:
be动词:
①主语+was/were+其他
I was 17 years old last year.
They were inChina yesterday.
实义动词:②主语+did(动词过去式)+其他
I got up at 6:00 yesterday.

3.时间状语:
last night/week/month/year,
yesterday, the day before yesterday
just now刚才，in+过去的年份，
the other day前几天，long before很久之前，
时间段+ago..多久以前

5.动词过去式的变化规则:

1.一般情况下，在动词词尾加ed,
eg: work--- worked
watch---watched
2.以e结尾的动词，在词尾加d
eg: live---lived  die---died
lik---liked
3.以“辅音字母+y"结尾的词，变y为i加ed
eg: cry---cried study---studied
4.以“辅元辅”结尾的动词，双写尾字母加ed
eg: stop---stopped  plan--planned

*考点:

used to do sth.过去常常做某事
be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
I used__on the left in England, but I soon got used__on the right in China
A.to drive; to drive
B. to drive; to driving ✔
C.to driving; to driving
D. to driving; to drive
We are used to thinking that women enjoy shpopping more than men.(2012)
我们习惯认为女人比男人更喜欢逛街.

一般将来时

1.定义:表示将来发生的动作或状态。

2.谓语动词的构成:
①主语+shall/will do +其他(主观意愿)(shall用于第一人称I、we)
People will go to the moon.
②主语+am/is/are  going to do (打算，安排)+其他
I am going to do my homework.

3.时间状语：
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow,，
next week/month/year, someday(将来有一天,有朝一日)
in the future, before long不久之后，
in+将来的年份，in+时间段(in a week)
4.否定或疑问
否定:①主语+ shall/will +not +其他
②主语+am/is/are not going to do+其他
疑问:
①Shall/Will+主语十动词原形+其他?
②Is/Are+主语+going to do+其他?

※.考点:主将从现/主祈从现/主情从现
由when, if ,as long as, as soon as-..就,unless,in case, until引导的
时间或条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时(will/shall+do) ，从句用一
般现在时(do/does) 。紧跟在引导词之后的为从句，其余部分为主句。

只要明天天气好，我们就和同学一起去游泳。(2016)
As long as it is fine tomorrow, we will go swimming with our classmates.

只有勇敢地面对困难，我们才能取得更大的进步。
We will not make greater progress unless we face up any difficulties bravely.