X-Macro 宏编程实例代码

记录。

用于生成大量重复性代码，同时提高代码的可维护性和可读性。

不使用代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

enum Fruit {
    Apple,
    Banana,
    Cherry,
    Grape,
    Lemon
};

std::string FruitToString(Fruit fruit) {
    switch (fruit) {
    case Apple:
        return "Apple";
    case Banana:
        return "Banana";
    case Cherry:
        return "Cherry";
    case Grape:
        return "Grape";
    case Lemon:
        return "Lemon";
    default:
        return "Unknown";
    }
}

int main() {
    Fruit fruit = Banana;
    std::string fruitStr = FruitToString(fruit);
    std::cout << "Fruit: " << fruitStr << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

使用的代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

// Define the X-Macro for fruits
#define FRUIT_LIST \
    X(Apple) \
    X(Banana) \
    X(Cherry) \
    X(Grape) \
    X(Lemon)

enum Fruit {
#define X(fruit) fruit,
    FRUIT_LIST
#undef X
};

std::string FruitNames[] = {
#define X(fruit) #fruit,
    FRUIT_LIST
#undef X
};

std::string FruitToString(Fruit fruit) {
    if (fruit >= Apple && fruit <= Lemon) {
        return FruitNames[fruit];
    }
    return "Unknown";
}

int main() {
    Fruit fruit = Banana;
    std::string fruitStr = FruitToString(fruit);
    std::cout << "Fruit: " << fruitStr << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

X-Macro：

#include <iostream>

void Function_1() { std::cout << "Function_1 called\n"; }
void Function_2() { std::cout << "Function_1 called\n"; }
/* ... */ 
void Function_100() { std::cout << "Function_100 called\n"; }

#define MACROS_TABLE \
    X_MACROS(Condition_1, Function_1) \
    X_MACROS(Condition_2, Function_2) \
    /* ... */ \
    X_MACROS(Condition_100, Function_100) \
    
enum Condition {
    #define X_MACROS(a, b) a,
    MACROS_TABLE
    #undef X_MACROS
    CondSize//用于记录这个table有多大
};

const char* func_name_str[] = {
    #define X_MACROS(a, b) #a,
    MACROS_TABLE
    #undef X_MACROS
};

typedef void (*func)();

const func func_table[] = {
    #define X_MACROS(a, b) b,
    MACROS_TABLE
    #undef X_MACROS
};

static void SwitchHandle(Condition cond){
    if(cond < Condition::CondSize)
    {
        func_table[cond]();
    }
}

int main(){
    SwitchHandle(Condition_1);
    SwitchHandle(Condition_2);
    /* ... */
    SwitchHandle(Condition_100);
}

参考：C++中的魔法（Magic）-- 宏(Macro)与模板(Template) - 知乎 (zhihu.com)