zabbix服务配置邮箱告警（定义媒介、配置动作）

zabbix服务配置邮箱告警（定义媒介、配置动作）

监控流程

本地邮箱告警配置

第三方邮箱网页配置告警

1.首先我们要在服务端（zabbix_server）和客户端（zabbix_agnetd）上都安装邮件的工具，需要安装两个关于邮件的包，如下：

服务端：
[root@client src]# yum provides *bin/mailx
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 1:55:06 ago on Mon 25 Sep 2023 01:09:43 PM CST.
mailx-12.5-29.el8.x86_64 : Enhanced implementation of the mailx command
Repo        : base
Matched from:
Other       : *bin/mailx

s-nail-14.9.23-1.el8.x86_64 : Environment for sending and receiving mail
Repo        : Everything
Matched from:
Provide    : /bin/mailx

[root@client src]# yum -y install mailx
省略. . . 


[root@client src]# yum provides *bin/sendmail
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 1:56:51 ago on Mon 25 Sep 2023 01:09:43 PM CST.
esmtp-1.2-15.el8.x86_64 : User configurable send-only Mail Transfer Agent
Repo        : Everything
Matched from:
Other       : *bin/sendmail

exim-4.96-5.el8.x86_64 : The exim mail transfer agent
Repo        : Everything
Matched from:
Other       : *bin/sendmail

opensmtpd-6.8.0p2-3.el8.x86_64 : Free implementation of the server-side SMTP protocol as defined by RFC 5321
Repo        : Everything
Matched from:
Other       : *bin/sendmail

postfix-2:3.5.8-2.el8.x86_64 : Postfix Mail Transport Agent
Repo        : base
Matched from:
Other       : *bin/sendmail

sendmail-8.15.2-34.el8.x86_64 : A widely used Mail Transport Agent (MTA)
Repo        : AppStream
Matched from:
Other       : *bin/sendmail

[root@client src]# yum -y install postfix
省略. . . 

//开启发送邮件的服务，端口为25
[root@client src]# systemctl start postfix.service 
[root@client src]# ss -antl
State           Recv-Q          Send-Q                    Local Address:Port                      Peer Address:Port          
LISTEN          0               128                             0.0.0.0:22                             0.0.0.0:*             
LISTEN          0               100                           127.0.0.1:25                             0.0.0.0:*             
LISTEN          0               128                             0.0.0.0:10050                          0.0.0.0:*             
LISTEN          0               128                             0.0.0.0:10051                          0.0.0.0:*             
LISTEN          0               128                           127.0.0.1:9000                           0.0.0.0:*             
LISTEN          0               128                                [::]:22                                [::]:*             
LISTEN          0               100                               [::1]:25                                [::]:*             
LISTEN          0               80                                    *:3306                                 *:*             
LISTEN          0               128                                   *:80                                   *:* 

客户端是上述同样的操作
[root@centos2 ~]# yum -y install mailx
[root@centos2 ~]# yum -y install postfix
[root@centos2 ~]# ss -antl
State          Recv-Q          Send-Q                     Local Address:Port                      Peer Address:Port          
LISTEN         0               128                              0.0.0.0:22                             0.0.0.0:*             
LISTEN         0               100                            127.0.0.1:25                             0.0.0.0:*             
LISTEN         0               128                              0.0.0.0:10050                          0.0.0.0:*             
LISTEN         0               128                                 [::]:22                                [::]:*             
LISTEN         0               100                                [::1]:25                                [::]:*

测试邮件是否能正常发送到QQ邮箱

服务端：
[root@client src]# echo "hello world" | mail -s "这是一个测试文件" 2046807065@qq.com

客户端：
[root@centos2 ~]# ss -antlecho "hello world" | mail -s "这是一个测试文件" 2046807065@qq.com

以上只是我们以命令行的模式执行的，而我们需要达到让他本身能够发送邮件告警。

2.结合脚本让他自身去触发脚本，执行发送邮件告警

2.1本地邮箱告警配置，编写脚本

编写一个脚本，而这个脚本应该放在/usr/local/share/zabbix/alertscripts下面

[root@client alertscripts]# vim sendmail.sh
[root@client alertscripts]# chmod +x sendmail.sh 
[root@client alertscripts]# cat sendmail.sh
#!/bin/bash

content=$(echo $1 | tr "\r\n" "\n")
subject=$(echo $1 | tr "\r\n" "\n")
mailto=$3

echo $content | mail -s $subject $mailto

配置媒介

媒介定义成功

2.2配置动作（告知、处理）

2.3测试

此时媒介和动作都已经配置完成，我们借助先前在centos2主机上的/tmp/ftx文件来测试是否执行告警动作

[root@centos2 tmp]# echo "#" >> ftx
[root@centos2 tmp]# cat ftx
hello world
#

3第三方邮箱网页配置告警（利用真实邮箱发送告警）

3.1配置邮箱以及媒介

这里我们将第三方邮箱定为网易邮箱

收件邮箱还是我们的QQ邮箱

3.2测试

测试成功

测试成功

3.3配置触发动作

进入用户页面，将媒介改类型改为Email

3.4再次测试

添加一串内容，改变文件MD5值

[root@centos2 ~]# echo "123" >> /tmp/ftx
[root@centos2 ~]# cat /tmp/ftx
hello world
#
123