kvm虚拟化
虚拟化介绍
虚拟化是指通过虚拟化技术将一台物理计算机分割成多个虚拟计算机。一台计算机上可同时运行多个虚拟计算机,每个虚拟计算机可运行不同的操作系统,并且应用程序都可以在相互独立的空间内运行而互不影响,从而显著提高计算机的工作效率。
虚拟化的主要技术包括:
- 服务器虚拟化:通过使用虚拟机监视器(如VMware、Hyper-V、KVM等),可以在一台物理服务器上运行多个虚拟机。每个虚拟机都可以运行不同的操作系统和应用程序,相互之间是隔离的。这样可以提高服务器的利用率,减少硬件成本。
- 存储虚拟化:通过使用存储虚拟化技术,可以将多个独立的存储设备(如硬盘、存储阵列等)抽象为一个统一的存储池。这样可以提高存储资源的利用率,简化存储管理和扩展。
- 网络虚拟化:通过使用网络虚拟化技术,可以将物理网络分割为多个虚拟网络。每个虚拟网络都可以有自己的IP地址空间、路由和安全策略。这样可以提高网络的灵活性和可管理性,简化网络配置和部署。
虚拟化的优势:
1.提高资源利用率:通过虚拟化,可以将多个虚拟计算机运行在同一台物理计算机上,提高资源的利用率。
2.灵活性和可扩展性:通过虚拟化,可以动态分配和调整资源,满足不同应用程序和工作负载的需求。
3.简化管理和部署:通过虚拟化,可以集中管理和部署虚拟计算机,简化系统管理和维护。
4.提高可靠性和灾备能力:通过虚拟化,可以实现虚拟机的快速备份、迁移和恢复,提高系统的可靠性和灾备能力。
全虚拟化
全虚拟化是一种虚拟化技术,它可以在物理计算机上创建多个完全独立的虚拟机,每个虚拟机都可以运行自己的操作系统和应用程序。
在全虚拟化中,虚拟机监视器(VMM)或称为虚拟机管理程序(Hypervisor)负责管理和分配物理资源给虚拟机。VMM可以对虚拟机进行隔离,使得每个虚拟机都感觉自己是在独立的物理计算机上运行。
为了实现全虚拟化,需要对虚拟机中的操作系统进行修改,以便与虚拟化层进行交互。这些修改包括对操作系统内核的修改,以及对设备驱动程序的修改,使得它们可以与虚拟化层进行通信。
半虚拟化
半虚拟化同样是一种虚拟化技术,它与全虚拟化相比,虚拟机中的操作系统不需要进行修改,可以直接在物理计算机上运行。
与全虚拟化不同的是,半虚拟化中的虚拟机与VMM之间进行协作,虚拟机可以通过特定的接口与VMM进行通信和访问物理资源。
经过半虚拟化处理的服务器可与Hypervisor协同工作,其响应能力几乎不亚于未经过虚拟化处理的服务器。因此,半虚拟化具有消耗资源小、性能高的优点。
kvm介绍
KVM(Kernel-based Virtual Machine)是一种开源的虚拟化解决方案,它是基于Linux内核的虚拟化模块。KVM允许在同一台物理计算机上同时运行多个虚拟机,每个虚拟机可以运行自己的操作系统,并与物理计算机共享硬件资源。
KVM的工作原理是通过将Linux内核转变为一个虚拟机管理程序(Hypervisor),它可以直接访问物理计算机的硬件资源,并为虚拟机提供虚拟化的功能。KVM使用硬件辅助虚拟化技术(如Intel VT或AMD-V)来提高性能和安全性。
KVM的功能和特性
- 完全虚拟化:KVM支持完全虚拟化,可以在虚拟机中运行几乎任何操作系统,包括Linux、Windows、BSD等。
- 高性能:KVM利用硬件辅助虚拟化技术,可以提供接近原生性能的虚拟化体验。
- 安全性:KVM使用硬件辅助虚拟化技术,可以提供更高的安全性,防止虚拟机之间的相互干扰和攻击。
- 可扩展性:KVM可以根据需求动态分配和管理虚拟机的资源,以满足不同应用程序和工作负载的需求。
- 简单易用:KVM集成在Linux内核中,使用者可以通过常规的Linux工具和命令行界面来管理和配置虚拟机。
kvm部署
前期准备
部署之前要开启CPU的虚拟化功能
关闭防火墙和selinux,重启
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# setenforce 0
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
[root@kvm ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config
...
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
...
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# reboot
[root@kvm ~]# getenforce
Disabled
[root@kvm ~]#
配置yum源
[root@kvm ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 2523 100 2523 0 0 7715 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 7739
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
...
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo’
100%[============================================================================================>] 664 --.-K/s in 0s
2023-10-12 09:33:25 (235 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo’ saved [664/664]
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo epel.repo
[root@kvm ~]#
kvm安装
验证CPU是否支持KVM
如果结果中有vmx(Intel)或svm(AMD)字样,就说明CPU是支持的
[root@kvm ~]# egrep -o 'vmx|svm' /proc/cpuinfo
svm
svm
svm
svm
svm
svm
svm
svm
[root@kvm ~]#
安装需要用到的工具包
[root@kvm ~]# yum -y install epel-release vim wget net-tools unzip zip gcc gcc-c++
安装kvm
[root@kvm ~]# yum -y install qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-tools qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer bridge-utils libguestfs-tools
[root@kvm ~]#
将网卡设置为桥接
因为虚拟机中网络,我们一般都是和公司的其他服务器是同一个网段,所以我们需要把 KVM服务器的网卡配置成桥接模式。这样的话KVM的虚拟机就可以通过该桥接网卡和公司内部其他服务器处于同一网段。
这里我的网卡是ens33,所以用br0来桥接ens33网卡
[root@kvm ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
ifcfg-ens33 ifdown-ib ifdown-ppp ifdown-tunnel ifup-ib ifup-plusb ifup-Team network-functions
ifcfg-lo ifdown-ippp ifdown-routes ifup ifup-ippp ifup-post ifup-TeamPort network-functions-ipv6
...
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-br0
[root@kvm network-scripts]#
修改ifcfg-ens33和ifcfg-br0网卡内容
[root@kvm network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-ens33
[root@kvm network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens33
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=ens33
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0
NM_CONTROLLED=no
[root@kvm network-scripts]#
[root@kvm network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-br0
[root@kvm network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-br0
TYPE=Bridge
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=br0
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.200.50
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.200.2
DNS1=114.114.114.114
DNS2=8.8.8.8
[root@kvm network-scripts]#
重启网络服务
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl restart network
[root@kvm ~]# ifdown ens33;ifup ens33
Device 'ens33' successfully disconnected.
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/3)
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ip a
...
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:b2:0c:d1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:b2:0c:d1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.200.50/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global noprefixroute br0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::b87c:b1ff:fe61:9371/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@kvm ~]#
将 libvirtd 服务设为开机自启
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl enable --now libvirtd
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl status libvirtd
● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2023-10-12 10:24:56 CST; 10s ago
Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
https://libvirt.org
...
[root@kvm ~]#
验证安装结果
[root@kvm ~]# lsmod|grep kvm
kvm_amd 2176426 0
kvm 578518 1 kvm_amd
irqbypass 13503 1 kvm
[root@kvm ~]#
测试并验证安装结果
[root@kvm ~]# virsh -c qemu:///system list
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# virsh --version
4.5.0
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# virt-install --version
1.5.0
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ln -s /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm /usr/bin/qemu-kvm
[root@kvm ~]# which qemu-kvm
/usr/bin/qemu-kvm
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ll /usr/bin/qemu-kvm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Oct 12 10:32 /usr/bin/qemu-kvm -> /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm
[root@kvm ~]#
查看网卡桥接信息
[root@kvm ~]# brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br0 8000.000c29b20cd1 no ens33
virbr0 8000.52540029c542 yes virbr0-nic
[root@kvm ~]#
kvm web管理界面安装
kvm的web管理界面是由 webvirtmgr 程序提供的
安装依赖包
[root@kvm ~]# yum -y install git python2-pip python3-pip libvirt-python libxml2-python python-websockify supervisor nginx python-devel
从github上下载webvirtmgr代码
[root@kvm ~]# git clone https://github.com/retspen/webvirtmgr.git
Cloning into 'webvirtmgr'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 5614, done.
remote: Total 5614 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 5614
Receiving objects: 100% (5614/5614), 2.97 MiB | 939.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (3606/3606), done.
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg webvirtmgr
[root@kvm ~]#
安装webvirtmgr
[root@kvm webvirtmgr]# pip install -r requirements.txt
...
Successfully installed django-1.5.5 gunicorn-19.5.0 lockfile-0.12.2
You are using pip version 8.1.2, however version 23.2.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
[root@kvm webvirtmgr]#
检查sqlite3是否安装
[root@kvm webvirtmgr]# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Jun 20 2023, 11:36:40)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sqlite3
>>> exit()
[root@kvm webvirtmgr]#
初始化帐号信息
[root@kvm webvirtmgr]# python manage.py syncdb
WARNING:root:No local_settings file found.
Creating tables ...
Creating table auth_permission
Creating table auth_group_permissions
Creating table auth_group
Creating table auth_user_groups
Creating table auth_user_user_permissions
Creating table auth_user
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session
Creating table django_site
Creating table servers_compute
Creating table instance_instance
Creating table create_flavor
You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined.
Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes
Username (leave blank to use 'root'): admin
Email address: 123@163.com
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.
Installing custom SQL ...
Installing indexes ...
Installed 6 object(s) from 1 fixture(s)
[root@kvm webvirtmgr]#
拷贝web网页至指定目录
[root@kvm ~]# mkdir /var/www
[root@kvm ~]# cp -a webvirtmgr /var/www/
[root@kvm ~]# ls /var/www
webvirtmgr
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/www/webvirtmgr/
[root@kvm ~]# ll /var/www
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 20 nginx nginx 4096 Oct 12 18:12 webvirtmgr
[root@kvm ~]#
生成密钥,由于这里webvirtmgr和kvm服务部署在同一台机器,所以将公钥发给自己获取本地信任
[root@kvm ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:7/Sw0WbYvE3zCs8zJPlE9yR6sVIH9LyBFe5sBCIq5JE root@web
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
| o. . . o.o.|
| oE. . . . *o |
| o . . =o|
| . O *|
| S = %.|
| . == * .|
| * BBo |
| o B B+o |
| o o =+.|
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.200.50
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host '192.168.200.50 (192.168.200.50)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:w4w55e2nJ/D8mNis2rairBPM/yT758efmqgkmbld4+w.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:98:66:6b:e7:25:47:7c:f5:5a:b3:00:49:bc:a8:bb:2a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@192.168.200.50's password:
Permission denied, please try again.
root@192.168.200.50's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@192.168.200.50'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[root@kvm ~]#
配置端口转发
[root@kvm ~]# ssh root@192.168.200.50 -L localhost:8000:localhost:8000 -L localhost:6080:localhost:60
Last login: Thu Oct 12 19:49:09 2023 from 192.168.200.30
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6080 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:8000 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6080 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 ::1:8000 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
[root@kvm ~]#
配置nginx
[root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
[root@kvm ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
}
[root@kvm ~]#
配置nginx的虚拟主机
[root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/webvirtmgr.conf
[root@kvm ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/webvirtmgr.conf
server {
listen 80 default_server;
server_name $hostname;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/webvirtmgr_access_log;
location /static/ {
root /var/www/webvirtmgr/webvirtmgr;
expires max;
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $remote_addr;
proxy_connect_timeout 600;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_send_timeout 600;
client_max_body_size 1024M;
}
}
[root@kvm ~]#
确保bind绑定的是本机的8000端口
[root@kvm ~]# ls /var/www/webvirtmgr/conf/
conf.d gunicorn.conf.py init initd libvirt-bootstrap.sh saltstack
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# vim /var/www/webvirtmgr/conf/gunicorn.conf.py
...
bind = '0.0.0.0:8000'
...
[root@kvm ~]#
将nginx服务设为开机自启
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl enable --now nginx
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6080 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:8000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6080 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 ::1:8000 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
[root@kvm ~]#
设置supervisor
在supervisord.conf文件最后加上以下内容,设置supervisor服务开机自启
[root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/supervisord.conf
...
[program:webvirtmgr]
command=/usr/bin/python2 /var/www/webvirtmgr/manage.py run_gunicorn -c /var/www/webvirtmgr/conf/gunicorn.conf.py
directory=/var/www/webvirtmgr
autostart=true
autorestart=true
logfile=/var/log/supervisor/webvirtmgr.log
log_stderr=true
user=nginx
[program:webvirtmgr-console]
command=/usr/bin/python2 /var/www/webvirtmgr/console/webvirtmgr-console
directory=/var/www/webvirtmgr
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stdout_logfile=/var/log/supervisor/webvirtmgr-console.log
redirect_stderr=true
user=nginx
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl enable --now supervisord
配置nginx用户
[root@kvm ~]# su - nginx -s /bin/bash
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/var/lib/nginx/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:IAkqmI6WtzjOlx5K7RyIGAqi9kIIzYMBdewi5VCeVuk nginx@kvm
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|oo+.o. |
|++.=o. |
|=O+oo . |
|B.B E. . |
|B= + S |
|Xo= . |
|** =. |
|=.*oo |
| ++= |
+----[SHA256]-----+
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$ touch ~/.ssh/config && echo -e "StrictHostKeyChecking=no\nUserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null" >> ~/.ssh/config
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/config
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$ ssh-copy-id root@192.168.200.50
/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.200.50' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.200.50's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@192.168.200.50'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$ exit
logout
[root@kvm ~]#
配置libvirt ssh管理方式,设置属主和属组为root,重启nginx和libvirtd服务
[root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla
[root@kvm ~]# cat /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla
[Remote libvirt SSH access]
Identity=unix-user:root
Action=org.libvirt.unix.manage
ResultAny=yes
ResultInactive=yes
ResultActive=yes
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# chown -R root.root /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl restart nginx
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl restart libvirtd
第一次通过web访问kvm时可能会一直访问不了,一直转圈,而命令行界面一直报错(too many open files)
此时需要对nginx进行配置,然后对系统参数进行设置
[root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
...
pid /run/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 655350;
...
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# systemctl restart nginx
[root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
...
# End of file
* soft nofile 655350
* hard nofile 655350
[root@kvm ~]#
kvm web界面管理
访问kvm,登陆的用户名和密码填初始化帐号信息时设置的用户和密码
kvm连接管理
创建SSH连接:
两个ip地址要一样
kvm存储管理
创建存储
这里的路径是存放镜像的位置
将上传的镜像移动到 /var/lib/libvirt/images 路径下
[root@kvm ~]# mv CentOS-Stream-8-x86_64-20220228-dvd1.iso /var/lib/libvirt/images
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# ls /var/lib/libvirt/images
CentOS-Stream-8-x86_64-20220228-dvd1.iso
[root@kvm ~]#
重新加载网页
创建系统安装镜像
自定义虚拟机名称和磁盘大小
添加成功
kvm网络管理
添加桥接网络
桥接网络添加成功
实例管理
安装novnc并通过novnc_server启动一个vnc
[root@kvm ~]# yum -y install novnc
[root@kvm ~]# ll /etc/rc.d/rc.local
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 473 Apr 11 2018 /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@kvm ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@kvm ~]# ll /etc/rc.d/rc.local
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 473 Apr 11 2018 /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
...
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
nohup novnc_server 172.16.12.128:5920 &
[root@kvm ~]#
[root@kvm ~]# . /etc/rc.d/rc.local
nohup: ignoring input and appending output to ‘nohup.out’
[root@kvm ~]#
创建虚拟机实例
定制虚拟机
自定义虚拟机的名称、cpu核心数、内存大小,指定安装系统的镜像和虚拟机网卡。
连接光盘至虚拟机
设置在 web 上访问虚拟机的密码
启动虚拟机
虚拟机系统安装
成功登录并访问外网
ssh连接成功