1. 注解配置SpringMVC文件
使用配置类和注解代替web.xml和SpringMVC配置文件的功能
使用注解配置MVC文件时,程序中出现的各个注解
-
@Configuration:将当前类标识为配置类
-
@ComponentScan():配置扫描组件
-
@EnableWebMvc:开启mvc注解驱动
-
@Eean:可以将标识的方法的返回值作为bean进行管理,bean的id为方法名
1.1 创建初始化类,代替web.xml
Spring3.2引入了一个便利的WebApplicationInitializer基础实现,名为 AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer当我们的类扩展了 AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer并将其部署到Servlet3.0容器的时候,容器会自 动发现它,并用它来配置Servlet上下文。
我们需要初始化类继承AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer类
package com.springmvc.config;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
/**
* @author wangjinyu
* @create 2022-11-17 19:53
* @version: 1.0
*/
public class WebInit extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
//设置一个配置类代替Spring的配置文件
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
}
@Override
//设置一个配置类代替SpringMVC的配置文件
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};
}
@Override
//指定DispatcherServlet映射规则,即url—pattern
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
@Override
//配置过滤器
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
// 设置编码Filter过滤器
CharacterEncodingFilter encodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
encodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
encodingFilter.setForceEncoding(true);
// 设置HiddenHttpMethodFilter过滤器,转换put和delete请求
HiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter = new HiddenHttpMethodFilter();
return new Filter[]{encodingFilter,hiddenHttpMethodFilter};
}
}
1.2 创建SpringConfig配置类,代替spring配置文件
@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {
//ssm整合之后,spring的配置信息写在此类中
}
13.3 创建SpringMVCConfig配置类,代替SpringMVC配置文件
package com.springmvc.config;
import com.springmvc.Interceptors.FileInterceptors;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.templatemode.TemplateMode;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ITemplateResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* @author wangjinyu
* @create 2022-11-17 20:00
* @version: 1.0
* 代替SpringMVC的配置类
* 在配置文件中可以做的事情,配置类中也可以做
* 扫描组件,视图解析器,默认的Servlet处理静态资源,mvc注解驱动,视图控制器
* 文件上传解析器,拦截器,异常处理解析器
*/
//将当前类的标识为配置类
@Configuration
//配置扫描组件
@ComponentScan("com.springmvc")
//开启mvc注解驱动
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
//配置默认的Servlet处理静态资源
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
//表示当前配置可用,默认的Servlet处理
configurer.enable();
}
@Override
//配置视图控制器
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// addViewController;添加路径,setViewName设置视图名称
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
}
//@Bean注解可以将标识的方法的返回值作为bean进行管理,bean的id为方法名
@Bean
//配置文件上传解析器
public CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
return new CommonsMultipartResolver();
}
@Override
//配置拦截器
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//配置拦截器方法
FileInterceptors fileInterceptors = new FileInterceptors();
registry.addInterceptor(fileInterceptors).addPathPatterns("/**");
}
@Override
//配置异常处理解析器
public void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> resolvers) {
//创建自定义异常处理类
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver simpleMappingExceptionResolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
Properties properties = new Properties();
// key设置要处理的异常,value设置出现该异常时要跳转的页面所对应的逻辑视图
properties.setProperty("java.lang.ArithmeticException", "error");
//设置异常映射
simpleMappingExceptionResolver.setExceptionMappings(properties);
//设置共享异常信息
simpleMappingExceptionResolver.setExceptionAttribute("ex");
resolvers.add(simpleMappingExceptionResolver);
}
//配置生成模板解析器
@Bean
public ITemplateResolver templateResolver() {
WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();
// ServletContextTemplateResolver需要一个ServletContext作为构造参数,可通过WebApplicationContext 的方法获得
ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(webApplicationContext.getServletContext());
templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
return templateResolver;
}
//生成模板引擎并为模板引擎注入模板解析器
@Bean
public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(ITemplateResolver templateResolver) {
SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
return templateEngine;
}
//生成视图解析器并未解析器注入模板引擎
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
viewResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
return viewResolver;
}
}