【redis】包含部署+主从复制+高可用+cluster

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-27 14:52:40 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-27 14:52:40 发布

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一关系型数据库和 NoSQL 数据库

1 数据库主要分为两大类：关系型数据库与 NoSQL 数据库

关系型数据库:是建立在关系模型基础上的数据库，其借助于集合代数等数学概念和方法来处理数据库中的数据主流的 MySQL、Oracle、MS SQL Server 和 DB2 都属于这类传统数据库。

NoSQL 数据库:全称为 Not Only SQL，意思就是适用关系型数据库的时候就使用关系型数据库，不适用的时候也没有必要非使用关系型数据库不可，可以考虑使用更加合适的数据存储。主要分为临时性键

值存储（memcached、Redis）、永久性键值存储（ROMA、Redis）、面向文档的数据库(MongoDB、CouchDB）、面向列的数据库（Cassandra、HBase），每种 NoSQL 都有其特有的使用

场景及优点。

2 为什么还要用 NoSQL 数据库呢？

主要是由于随着互联网发展，数据量越来越大，对性能要求越来越高，传统数据库存在着先天性的缺陷，即单机（单库）性能瓶颈，并且扩展困难。这样既有单机单库瓶颈，却又扩展困难，自然无法满足日益增长的海量数据存储及其性能要求，所以才会出现了各种不同的 NoSQL 产品，NoSQL 根本性的优势在于在云计算时代，简单、易于大规模分布式扩展，并且读写性能非常高

二 Remote Dictionary Server 简介

1 Redis特性

速度快: 10W QPS,基于内存,C语言实现
单线程
持久化
支持多种数据结构
支持多种编程语言
功能丰富: 支持Lua脚本,发布订阅,事务,pipeline等功能
简单: 代码短小精悍(单机核心代码只有23000行左右),单线程开发容易,不依赖外部库,使用简单
主从复制
支持高可用和分布式

单线程为何如此快?

纯内存
非阻塞
避免线程切换和竞态消耗

2 Redis应用场景

Session 共享：常见于web集群中的Tomcat或者PHP中多web服务器session共享
缓存：数据查询、电商网站商品信息、新闻内容
计数器：访问排行榜、商品浏览数等和次数相关的数值统计场景
微博/微信社交场合：共同好友,粉丝数,关注,点赞评论等
消息队列：ELK的日志缓存、部分业务的订阅发布系统
地理位置: 基于GEO(地理信息定位),实现摇一摇,附近的人,外卖等功能

三 Redis的安装

官方下载地址：Index of /releases/

1 rpm包方式安装

[root@redis-node1 ~]# dnf install redis -y
正在更新 Subscription Management 软件仓库。
无法读取客户身份
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or
"subscription-manager" to register.
上次元数据过期检查：0:01:14 前，执行于 2024年08月05日 星期一 13时30分23秒。
依赖关系解决。
=================================================================================
================================
软件包 架构 版本 仓库
大小
=================================================================================
================================
安装:
redis x86_64 6.2.7-1.el9
AppStream 1.3 M
事务概要
=================================================================================
================================
安装 1 软件包
总计：1.3 M
安装大小：4.7 M

2 源码安装

在一台主机中不能即用rpm安装也用源码安装

#解压源码包
[root@redis-node1 ~]# tar zxf redis-7.4.0.tar.gz
[root@redis-node1 ~]# ls
redis-7.4.0 redis-7.4.0.tar.gz
#安装编译工具
[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# dnf install make gcc initscripts -y
#执行编译命令
[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# make
[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# make install
#启动Redis
[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# cd utils/
[root@redis-node1 utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
This systems seems to use systemd. #提示系统使用的是systemd的初始化方式
Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory,and adapt and install them. Sorry!
[root@redis-node1 utils]# vim install_server.sh #解决报错问题
#bail if this system is managed by systemd
#_pid_1_exe="$(readlink -f /proc/1/exe)"
#if [ "${_pid_1_exe##*/}" = systemd ]
#then
# echo "This systems seems to use systemd."
# echo "Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in
this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!"
# exit 1
#fi
[root@redis-node1 utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] #端口号
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] #配置文件
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] #日志
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] #数据目录
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server] #命令路径
Selected config:
Port : 6379
Config file : /etc/redis/6379.conf
Log file : /var/log/redis_6379.log
Data dir : /var/lib/redis/6379
Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!

#配置redis
[root@redis-node1 utils]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
bind * -::*

[root@redis-node1 utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
Starting Redis server...

[root@redis-node1 utils]# netstat -antlpe | grep redis
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0
67267 38417/redis-server
tcp6 0 0 :::6379

#查看信息
[root@redis-node1 utils]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> info

#传输到其他机器
[root@redis-node1 ~]# scp -r redis-7.4.0 root@172.25.254.20:/root
[root@redis-node1 ~]# scp -r redis-7.4.0 root@172.25.254.30:/root
[root@redis-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/bin/
[root@redis-node1 bin]# ll
total 29440
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  6374112 Aug 25 14:43 redis-benchmark
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       12 Aug 25 14:43 redis-check-aof -> redis-server
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       12 Aug 25 14:43 redis-check-rdb -> redis-server
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  7215976 Aug 25 14:43 redis-cli
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       12 Aug 25 14:43 redis-sentinel -> redis-server
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16548768 Aug 25 14:43 redis-server
[root@redis-node1 bin]# rsync -al * root@172.25.254.20:/usr/local/bin
[root@redis-node1 bin]# rsync -al * root@172.25.254.30:/usr/local/bin

#node2\node3
[root@redis-node2 ~]# cd redis-7.4.0/
[root@redis-node2 redis-7.4.0]# dnf install initscripts -y
[root@redis-node2 redis-7.4.0]# cd utils/
[root@redis-node2 utils]# ./install_server.sh 
[root@redis-node2 utils]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf 
bind * -::*
[root@redis-node2 utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart

四 Redis的基本操作

五 Redis 主从复制

1 环境配置

redis-node1 master

redis-node2 slave

redis-node3 slave

（在配置多台redis时建议用复制的方式节省编译时间）

2 配置主从同步

2.1修改mastser节点的配置文件

[root@redis-node1 & node2 & node3 ~]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
protected-mode no #关闭protected模式
[root@redis-node1 &node2 & node3 ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
Starting Redis server...

2.2配置slave节点

[root@redis-node2 & 3 ~]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
replicaof 172.25.254.10 6379
[root@redis-node2 & 3 ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
Stopping ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Redis stopped
Starting Redis server...

2.3测试效果

#在mastser节点
[root@redis-node1 ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set name lee
OK
#在slave节点查看
[root@redis-node2 ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> get name
"lee"

3 主从同步过程

slave节点发送同步亲求到master节点
slave节点通过master节点的认证开始进行同步
master节点会开启bgsave进程发送内存rbd到slave节点，在此过程中是异步操作，也就是说master节点仍然可以进行写入动作
slave节点收到rdb后首先清空自己的所有数据
slave节点加载rdb并进行数据恢复
在master和slave同步过程中master还会开启新的bgsave进程把没有同步的数据进行缓存
然后通过自有的replactionfeedslave函数把未通过内存快照发动到slave的数据一条一条写入到slave中

六 Redis的哨兵（高可用）

实验环境：我们用主两从来实现Redis的高可用架构

1 Redis哨兵

sentinel中的三个定时任务

每10秒每个sentinel对master和slave执行info

发现slave节点

确认主从关系

每2秒每个sentinel通过master节点的channel交换信息(pub/sub)

通过sentinel__:hello频道交互

交互对节点的“看法”和自身信息

每1秒每个sentinel对其他sentinel和redis执行pi

2 哨兵的实验过程

在所有阶段中关闭 protected-mode no

2.1在master节点中

#编辑配置文件
[root@redis-node1 ~]# cd redis-7.4.0/
[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# cp sentinel.conf /etc/redis/
[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# vim /etc/redis/sentinel.conf
protected-mode no #关闭保护模式
port 26379 #监听端口
daemonize no #进入不打如后台
pidfile /var/run/redis-sentinel.pid #sentinel进程pid文件
loglevel notice #日志级别
sentinel monitor mymaster 172.25.254.10 6379 2 #创建sentinel监控监控master主机，2表示必须得到2票
sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 10000 #master中断时长，10秒连不上视为master下线
sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1 #发生故障转移后，同时开始同步新master数据的slave数量
sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000 #整个故障切换的超时时间为3分钟
####复制配置文件到其他阶段
[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# scp /etc/redis/sentinel.conf root@172.25.254.20:/etc/redis/sentinel.conf 
root@172.25.254.20's password:
sentinel.conf
100% 14KB 9.7MB/s 00:00
[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# scp /etc/redis/sentinel.conf root@172.25.254.30:/etc/redis/sentinel.conf
root@172.25.254.30's password:
sentinel.conf

[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# cd /etc/redis/
[root@redis-node1 redis]# cp sentinel.conf sentinel.conf.bak

启动服务

[root@redis-node1 redis-7.4.0]# redis-sentinel /etc/redis/sentinel.conf
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.807 # WARNING Memory overcommit must be enabled!
Without it, a background save or replication may fail under low memory condition.
Being disabled, it can also cause failures without low memory condition, see
https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc/issues/1328. To fix this issue add
'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command
'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.807 * oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.807 * Redis version=7.4.0, bits=64, commit=00000000,
modified=0, pid=39319, just started
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.807 * Configuration loaded
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.808 * Increased maximum number of open files to
10032 (it was originally set to 1024).
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.808 * monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
_._
_.-``__ ''-._
_.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis Community Edition
.-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ''-._ 7.4.0 (00000000/0) 64 bit
( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in sentinel mode
|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 26379
| `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 39319
`-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | https://redis.io
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' |
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'
`-._ _.-'
`-.__.-'
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.810 * Sentinel new configuration saved on disk
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.810 * Sentinel ID is
e568add863fd7c132e03f7a6ce2c5ef367d3bdae
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.810 # +monitor master mymaster 172.25.254.100 6379
quorum 2
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.811 * +slave slave 172.25.254.201:6379
172.25.254.201 6379 @ mymaster 172.25.254.100 6379
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.812 * Sentinel new configuration saved on disk
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.812 * +slave slave 172.25.254.200:6379
172.25.254.200 6379 @ mymaster 172.25.254.100 6379
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:16.813 * Sentinel new configuration saved on disk
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:41.769 * +sentinel sentinel
4fe1dcbe25a801e75d6edfc5b0a8517bfa7992c3 172.25.254.200 26379 @ mymaster
172.25.254.100 6379
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:41.771 * Sentinel new configuration saved on disk
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:57.227 * +sentinel sentinel
83f928aafe317a5f9081eea8fc5c383ff31c55ef 172.25.254.201 26379 @ mymaster
172.25.254.100 6379
39319:X 05 Aug 2024 20:53:57.229 * Sentinel new configuration saved on disk

注意：

/etc/redis/sentinel.conf 文件在用哨兵程序调用后会更改其配置文件，如果需要重新做需要删掉文件重新编辑

测试：

在开一个master节点终端
[root@redis-node1 ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> SHUTDOWN

[root@redis-node2 ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> info replications
127.0.0.1:6379> info replication
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:2
slave0:ip=172.25.254.201,port=6379,state=online,offset=211455,lag=1
slave1:ip=172.25.254.100,port=6379,state=online,offset=211455,lag=1
master_failover_state:no-failover
master_replid:d42fd72f3dfae94c84ca722ad1653417495ef4fd
master_replid2:290c3407108cc6120086981b7149a6fa377594c4
master_repl_offset:211598
second_repl_offset:185931
repl_backlog_active:1
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:150986
repl_backlog_histlen:60613

3 在整个架构中可能会出现的问题

问题：

在生产环境中如果master和slave中的网络出现故障，由于哨兵的存在会把master提出去

当网络恢复后，master发现环境发生改变，master就会把自己的身份转换成slave

master变成slave后会把网络故障那段时间写入自己中的数据清掉，这样数据就丢失了。

解决：

master在被写入数据时会持续连接slave，mater确保有2个slave可以写入我才允许写入

如果slave数量少于2个便拒绝写入

#在matster中设定
[root@redis-node2 ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG GET min-slaves-to-write
1) "min-slaves-to-write"
2) "0"
127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG set min-slaves-to-write 2
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG GET min-slaves-to-write
1) "min-slaves-to-write"
2) "2"
#如果要永久保存写到配置文件中/etc/redis/6379.conf

七 Redis Cluster（无中心化设计）

1 Redis Cluster 工作原理

Redis Cluster特点：

所有Redis节点使用(PING机制)互联
集群中某个节点的是否失效，是由整个集群中超过半数的节点监测都失效，才能算真正的失效
客户端不需要proxy即可直接连接redis，应用程序中需要配置有全部的redis服务器IP
redis cluster把所有的redis node 平均映射到 0-16383个槽位(slot)上，读写需要到指定的redisnode上进行操作，因此有多少个redis node相当于redis 并发扩展了多少倍，每个redis node 承担16384/N个槽位
Redis cluster预先分配16384个(slot)槽位，当需要在redis集群中写入一个key -value的时候，会使用CRC16(key) mod 16384之后的值，决定将key写入值哪一个槽位从而决定写入哪一个Redis节点上，从而有效解决单机瓶颈。

2 创建redis cluster的前提

1.每个redis node节点采用相同的硬件配置、相同的密码、相同的redis版本。

2.每个节点必须开启的参数

cluster-enabled yes #必须开启集群状态，开启后redis进程会有cluster显示
cluster-config-file nodes-6380.conf #此文件有redis cluster集群自动创建和维护，不需要任何手动操作

3.所有redis服务器必须没有任何数据

4.先启动为单机redis且没有任何key value

3 部署redis cluster

#环境10 20 30 110 120 130
先卸载 make uninstall

在所有redis主机中

[root@redis-masterx ~]# vim /etc/redis/redis.conf
masterauth "123456" #集群主从认证
requirepass "123456" #redis登陆密码 redis-cli 命令连接redis后要用“auth 密码”进行认证
cluster-enabled yes #开启cluster集群功能
cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf #指定集群配置文件
cluster-node-timeout 15000 #节点加入集群的超时时间单位是ms
[root@redis-master1 ~]# systemctl restart redis.service
[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> auth 123456
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> info
# Cluster
cluster_enabled:1

4 redis-cli --cluster 参数说明

[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli --cluster help
Cluster Manager Commands:
create host1:port1 ... hostN:portN #创建集群
--cluster-replicas <arg> #指定master的副本数
check <host:port> or <host> <port> #检测集群信息
info <host:port> or <host> <port> #查看集群信息
fix <host:port> or <host> <port> #修复集群
reshard <host:port> or <host> <port> #在线热迁移集群指定主机的slots数据
rebalance <host:port> or <host> <port> #平衡各集群主机的slot数量
add-node new_host:new_port existing_host:existing_port #添加主机
del-node host:port node_id #删除主机
import host:port #导入外部redis服务器的数据到
当前集群

5 创建redis-cluster

[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli --cluster create -a 123456 \
> 172.25.254.10:6379 172.25.254.20:6379 172.25.254.30:6379 \
> 172.25.254.110:6379 172.25.254.120:6379 172.25.254.130:6379 \
> --cluster-replicas 1
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
Master[0] -> Slots 0 - 5460 #哈希槽分配
Master[1] -> Slots 5461 - 10922
Master[2] -> Slots 10923 - 16383
Adding replica 172.25.254.120:6379 to 172.25.254.10:6379 #主从分配情况
Adding replica 172.25.254.130:6379 to 172.25.254.20:6379
Adding replica 172.25.254.110:6379 to 172.25.254.30:6379
M: 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1 172.25.254.10:6379
slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
M: ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b 172.25.254.20:6379
slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
M: 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7 172.25.254.30:6379
slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
S: c20c9b5465b2e64868161c0e285d55bc81358ba4 172.25.254.110:6379
replicates 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7
S: d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495 172.25.254.120:6379
replicates 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
S: 83d7a82fe896cf9f4d8212cb533058659bba16ce 172.25.254.130:6379
replicates ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 172.25.254.10:6379)
M: 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1 172.25.254.10:6379
slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: c20c9b5465b2e64868161c0e285d55bc81358ba4 172.25.254.110:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7
M: ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b 172.25.254.20:6379
slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 83d7a82fe896cf9f4d8212cb533058659bba16ce 172.25.254.130:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b
M: 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7 172.25.254.30:6379
slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495 172.25.254.120:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots... #检查打开的哈希槽位
>>> Check slots coverage... #检查槽位覆盖范围
[OK] All 16384 slots covered. #所有槽位分配完成
#配置文件位置
[root@redis-master1 ~]# ll /var/lib/redis/nodes-6379.conf

检测redis集群状态

[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster info 172.25.254.10:6379
#查看集群状态
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
172.25.254.10:6379 (5ab2e93f...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
172.25.254.20:6379 (ba504e78...) -> 0 keys | 5462 slots | 1 slaves.
172.25.254.30:6379 (1fcaeb1d...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
[OK] 0 keys in 3 masters.
0.00 keys per slot on average.
[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 cluster info
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
cluster_state:ok
cluster_slots_assigned:16384
cluster_slots_ok:16384
cluster_slots_pfail:0
cluster_slots_fail:0
cluster_known_nodes:6
cluster_size:3
cluster_current_epoch:6
cluster_my_epoch:1
cluster_stats_messages_ping_sent:821
cluster_stats_messages_pong_sent:801
cluster_stats_messages_sent:1622
cluster_stats_messages_ping_received:796
cluster_stats_messages_pong_received:821
cluster_stats_messages_meet_received:5
cluster_stats_messages_received:1622
[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster check 172.25.254.10:6379
#检测集群
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
172.25.254.10:6379 (5ab2e93f...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
172.25.254.20:6379 (ba504e78...) -> 0 keys | 5462 slots | 1 slaves.
172.25.254.30:6379 (1fcaeb1d...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
[OK] 0 keys in 3 masters.
0.00 keys per slot on average.
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 172.25.254.10:6379)
M: 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1 172.25.254.10:6379
slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: c20c9b5465b2e64868161c0e285d55bc81358ba4 172.25.254.110:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7
M: ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b 172.25.254.20:6379
slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 83d7a82fe896cf9f4d8212cb533058659bba16ce 172.25.254.130:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b
M: 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7 172.25.254.30:6379
slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495 172.25.254.120:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.

写入数据

[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 value1 #被分配到20的hash槽位上
(error) MOVED 9189 172.25.254.20:6379
[root@redis-master2 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 value1
OK

6 集群扩容

#添加master
[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster add-node
172.25.254.40:6379 172.25.254.10:6379
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
>>> Adding node 172.25.254.40:6379 to cluster 172.25.254.10:6379
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 172.25.254.10:6379)
M: 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1 172.25.254.10:6379
slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: c20c9b5465b2e64868161c0e285d55bc81358ba4 172.25.254.110:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7
M: ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b 172.25.254.20:6379
slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 83d7a82fe896cf9f4d8212cb533058659bba16ce 172.25.254.130:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b
M: 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7 172.25.254.30:6379
slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495 172.25.254.120:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
>>> Getting functions from cluster
>>> Failed retrieving Functions from the cluster, skip this step as Redis version
do not support function command (error = 'ERR unknown command `FUNCTION`, with
args beginning with: `DUMP`, ')
>>> Send CLUSTER MEET to node 172.25.254.40:6379 to make it join the cluster.
[OK] New node added correctly.
[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster info 172.25.254.10:6379
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
172.25.254.10:6379 (5ab2e93f...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
172.25.254.40:6379 (009571cb...) -> 0 keys | 0 slots | 0 slaves.
172.25.254.20:6379 (ba504e78...) -> 1 keys | 5462 slots | 1 slaves.
172.25.254.30:6379 (1fcaeb1d...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
[OK] 1 keys in 4 masters.
0.00 keys per slot on average.
#分配槽位
[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster reshard
172.25.254.10:6379
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 172.25.254.10:6379)
M: 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1 172.25.254.10:6379
slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: c20c9b5465b2e64868161c0e285d55bc81358ba4 172.25.254.110:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7
M: 009571cb206a89afa6658b60b2d403136056ac09 172.25.254.40:6379
slots: (0 slots) master
M: ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b 172.25.254.20:6379
slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 83d7a82fe896cf9f4d8212cb533058659bba16ce 172.25.254.130:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b
M: 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7 172.25.254.30:6379
slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495 172.25.254.120:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
How many slots do you want to move (from 1 to 16384)? 4096
What is the receiving node ID? 009571cb206a89afa6658b60b2d403136056ac09
Please enter all the source node IDs.
Type 'all' to use all the nodes as source nodes for the hash slots.
Type 'done' once you entered all the source nodes IDs.
Source node #1: all

#添加salve
[root@redis-master1 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster add-node
172.25.254.140:6379 172.25.254.10:6379 --cluster-slave --cluster-master-id
009571cb206a89afa6658b60b2d403136056ac09
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
>>> Adding node 172.25.254.140:6379 to cluster 172.25.254.10:6379
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 172.25.254.10:6379)
M: 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1 172.25.254.10:6379
slots:[1365-5460] (4096 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: c20c9b5465b2e64868161c0e285d55bc81358ba4 172.25.254.110:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7
M: 009571cb206a89afa6658b60b2d403136056ac09 172.25.254.40:6379
slots:[0-1364],[5461-6826],[10923-12287] (4096 slots) master
M: ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b 172.25.254.20:6379
slots:[6827-10922] (4096 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 83d7a82fe896cf9f4d8212cb533058659bba16ce 172.25.254.130:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b
M: 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7 172.25.254.30:6379
slots:[12288-16383] (4096 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495 172.25.254.120:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
>>> Send CLUSTER MEET to node 172.25.254.140:6379 to make it join the cluster.
Waiting for the cluster to join
>>> Configure node as replica of 172.25.254.40:6379.
[OK] New node added correctly.

7 clsuter集群维护

添加节点的时候是先添加node节点到集群，然后分配槽位，删除节点的操作与添加节点的操作正好相反，是先将被删除的Redis node上的槽位迁移到集群中的其他Redis node节点上，然后再将其删除，如果一个Redis node节点上的槽位没有被完全迁移，删除该node的时候会提示有数据且无法删除。

#移除要下线主机的哈希槽位
[root@redis-master2 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster reshard 172.25.254.20:6379
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 172.25.254.20:6379)
M: ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b 172.25.254.20:6379
slots:[6827-10922] (4096 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
M: 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7 172.25.254.30:6379
slots:[12288-16383] (4096 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
M: 009571cb206a89afa6658b60b2d403136056ac09 172.25.254.40:6379
slots:[0-1364],[5461-6826],[10923-12287] (4096 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: c20c9b5465b2e64868161c0e285d55bc81358ba4 172.25.254.110:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7
S: d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495 172.25.254.120:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
M: 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1 172.25.254.10:6379
slots:[1365-5460] (4096 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 83d7a82fe896cf9f4d8212cb533058659bba16ce 172.25.254.130:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates ba504e78f14df5944280f9035543277a0cf5976b
S: 86a4a8fb08e70e41b5a30f829deb983d23854ea7 172.25.254.140:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 009571cb206a89afa6658b60b2d403136056ac09
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
How many slots do you want to move (from 1 to 16384)? 4096
What is the receiving node ID? 1fcaeb1dd936b46f4ea1efe4330c54195e66acf7
Please enter all the source node IDs.
Type 'all' to use all the nodes as source nodes for the hash slots.
Type 'done' once you entered all the source nodes IDs.
Source node #1: 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
Source node #2: done
#删除master
[root@redis-master2 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster del-node
172.25.254.120:6379 d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
>>> Removing node d458f34fa900d83212c021dc1e65396e490b5495 from cluster
172.25.254.120:6379
>>> Sending CLUSTER FORGET messages to the cluster...
>>> Sending CLUSTER RESET SOFT to the deleted node.
[root@redis-master2 ~]# redis-cli -a 123456 --cluster del-node
172.25.254.10:6379 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface
may not be safe.
>>> Removing node 5ab2e93f4f0783983676f7bd118efaacfb202bd1 from cluster
172.25.254.10:6379
>>> Sending CLUSTER FORGET messages to the cluster...
>>> Sending CLUSTER RESET SOFT to the deleted node.

夙堇

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