C语言实现三子棋

C语言实现三子棋

1. 题目要求

用c语言实现三子棋小游戏（人机对弈）

2. 题目分析

1. 创建并打印菜单
2. 创建并初始化棋盘
3. 打印棋盘
4. 玩家下棋
5. 电脑下棋
6. 判断输赢，并展示结果

3. 代码实现

1）展示菜单

void menu()
{
	printf(" ------------------------------\n");
	printf("|                              |\n");
	printf("|     1. game     0. exit      |\n");
	printf("|                              |\n");
	printf(" ------------------------------\n");
}

2) 初始化棋盘

void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			board[i][j] = ' ';//可下棋位置初始化为空格
		}
	}
}

3) 打印棋盘

//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
			//打印列分隔符
			if (j < col-1)
			{
				printf("|");
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
		//打印行分隔符
		if (i < row-1)
		{
			printf("---|---|---\n");
		}
	}
}

4) 玩家下棋

//玩家下棋 用“O”表示
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int x = 0;//横坐标
	int y = 0;//纵坐标
	printf("玩家下棋：");
	scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
	if (x > 0 && x <= row && y > 0 && y <= col)
	{	
		if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
		{
			board[x - 1][y - 1] = 'O';
		}
		else
		{
			printf("非法输入\n");
			PlayerMove(board, row, col);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		printf("非法输入\n");
		PlayerMove(board, row, col);
	}
}

5）电脑下棋

//电脑下棋  用“X”表示  版本1
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	while (1)
	{
	//IsFull函数在 6）判断胜负 中有说明
		int flag = IsFull(board, row, col);//判断是否有位置可下  0--有
		if (flag == 0)
		{
			//电脑下棋
			int x = rand() % row;
			int y = rand() % col;
			if (board[x][y] == ' ')
			{
				board[x][y] = 'X';
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

6) 判断胜负

char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	//行
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][0] == board[i][2]&&board[i][0]!=' ')
			return board[i][0];
	}
	//列
	int j = 0;
	for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
	{
		if (board[0][j] == board[1][j] && board[0][j] == board[2][j]&&board[0][j]!=' ')
			return board[0][j];
	}
	//对角线
	if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[2][2]==board[1][1] && board[1][1] != ' ')
		return board[1][1];
	if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1]!=' ')
		return board[1][1];
	//判断棋盘是否满
	if (IsFull(board, row, col))
		return 'y';//满了
	return 'n';//未满，继续
}

4. 程序演示

1）菜单展示

2）打印棋盘

3）玩家获胜

4）电脑获胜

5）平局

5. 源代码

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

//使用宏定义，便于更改游戏阶数，增加代码的灵活性
#define ROW 3//行数
#define COL 3//列数

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>

//----函数声明-------
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//判断输赢
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//判断棋盘是否已满
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

void menu()
{
	printf(" ------------------------------\n");
	printf("|                              |\n");
	printf("|     1. game     0. exit      |\n");
	printf("|                              |\n");
	printf(" ------------------------------\n");
}
//----结束函数声明------

//进行游戏
void game()
{	
	char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
	char ret = 0;
	//初始化棋盘
	InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
	//打印棋盘
	DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
	//下棋
	while (1)
	{
		//玩家下棋
		PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
		//判断输赢
		ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'n')
		{
			//打印最后的棋盘
			DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
			break;
		}

		//电脑下棋
		ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
		DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
		//判断输赢
		ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
		if (ret != 'n')
			break;
	}	
	if (ret == 'O')
		printf("玩家获胜\n");
	else if (ret == 'X')
		printf("电脑获胜\n");
	else if (ret == 'y')
		printf("平局\n");
}

int main()
{
	srand((unsigned)time(NULL));//要产生随机值，用时间戳
	
	int input = 0;//输入选项
	do
	{
		//打印菜单
		menu();
		scanf("%d", &input);
		switch (input)
		{
		case 1:
			printf("游戏开始\n");
			game();
			break;
		case 0:
			printf("游戏已退出\n");
			break;
		default:
			printf("无效输入\n");
			break;
		}
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	} while (input);

	return 0;
}

//---函数实现------
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			board[i][j] = ' ';
		}
	}
}
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
			//打印列分隔符
			if (j < col-1)
			{
				printf("|");
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
		//打印行分隔符
		if (i < row-1)
		{
			printf("---|---|---\n");
		}
	}
}

//玩家下棋 O
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int x = 0;//横坐标
	int y = 0;//纵坐标
	printf("玩家下棋：");
	scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
	if (x > 0 && x <= row && y > 0 && y <= col)
	{	
		if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
		{
			board[x - 1][y - 1] = 'O';
		}
		else
		{
			printf("非法输入\n");
			PlayerMove(board, row, col);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		printf("非法输入\n");
		PlayerMove(board, row, col);
	}
}
//棋盘是否已满
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
		{
			if (board[i][j] == ' ')
				return 0;//未满
		}
	}
	return 1;//已满
}
//电脑下棋  X  版本1
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	while (1)
	{
		int flag = IsFull(board, row, col);//判断是否有位置可下  0--有
		if (flag == 0)
		{
			//电脑下棋  随机位置下棋
			int x = rand() % row;
			int y = rand() % col;
			if (board[x][y] == ' ')
			{
				board[x][y] = 'X';
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

//判断输赢
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
	//行
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
	{
		if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][0] == board[i][2]&&board[i][0]!=' ')
			return board[i][0];
	}
	//列
	int j = 0;
	for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
	{
		if (board[0][j] == board[1][j] && board[0][j] == board[2][j]&&board[0][j]!=' ')
			return board[0][j];
	}
	//对角线
	if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[2][2]==board[1][1] && board[1][1] != ' ')
		return board[1][1];
	if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1]!=' ')
		return board[1][1];
	//判断棋盘是否满
	if (IsFull(board, row, col))
		return 'y';//满了
	return 'n';//未满，继续
}