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1.atd和crond两个任务管理程序的区别

atd是单一执行的任务管理程序，一个任务管理程序只会执行一次任务 crond是循环性执行好的任务管理程序，例如可以在每年，每月，每天，某个时间段进行执行任务。

2.指定在2023/08/26 09：00将时间写入testmail.txt文件中
[root@localhost ~]# at  09:00 2023-08-26
warning: commands will be executed using /bin/sh
at> date > textmail.txt
at> <EOT>
job 24 at Sat Aug 26 09:00:00 2023
[root@localhost ~]# atq
24    Sat Aug 26 09:00:00 2023 a root
3.指定在每天凌晨4：00将该时间点之前的系统日志信息备份到个目录下（/var/log/messages ），备份后日志文件名显示格式logfileYY-MM-DD HH-MM

[root@localhost ~]# crontab -e

[root@localhost ~]# crontab -l
#分 时 日 月 周 
 0 4 * * * cp /var/log/messages /root/logfile`date +"%Y-%m-%d_%H:%m"` 

 

4.写出linux主机之间ssh免密登陆的过程

两台linux

[root@localhost ~]# hostname client
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@client ~]# ssh-key
ssh-keygen   ssh-keyscan  
[root@client ~]# ssh-key
ssh-keygen   ssh-keyscan  
[root@client ~]# ssh-keygen -t RSA
Generating public/private RSA key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:zuoZuhW4cg5MktVIcULF1lMQfYRfd0so7ew+N2VSSw4 root@client
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
| .=+o.o=.o. . .  |
| . =o o o ...o...|
|  o..  . o .+....|
| o   .    .  E o.|
|o . . . S   . +..|
| +   . +     ..oo|
|  + o o o   .  o.|
|   = o +     o o |
|    +o+       o .|
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@client ~]# ll /root/.ssh
总用量 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  580 7月   6 16:55 authorized_keys
-rw-------. 1 root root 2602 7月   8 22:27 id_rsa
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  565 7月   8 22:27 id_rsa.pub
[root@client ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.221.145
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host '192.168.221.145 (192.168.221.145)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:fcJ7cJAcQHoEb8vJR5kVqQd9aGtVHm1ub+GKcDbbuMg.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@192.168.221.145's password: 

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '192.168.221.145'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@client ~]# ssh 192.168.221.145
Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

Register this system with Red Hat Insights: insights-client --register
Create an account or view all your systems at https://red.ht/insights-dashboard
Last login: Sat Jul  8 20:39:41 2023 from 192.168.221.1

[root@server ~]#