OpenCV：固定阈值分割、自动阈值分割

OpenCV：固定阈值分割、自动阈值分割

固定阈值分割

import cv2
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

img = cv2.imread('影子.jpg', 0)       #0表示读取为灰度图

# img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)     #灰度图

'''
对像素数量进行统计
1：输入图像.2。待计算的通道；3.Mask，没使用，用None；4.横坐标份数；5.要统计的像素范围
'''
hist = cv2.calcHist([img], [0], None, [256], [0, 300])
plt.plot(hist)
plt.show()


'''固定阈值分割'''

r1, img1 = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)      #大于阈值变为255，小于阈值变为0
r2, img2 = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)      #大于阈值变为0，小于阈值变为255
r3, img3 = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TRUNC)       #大于阈值变为阈值，小于阈值保持不变
r4, img4 = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TOZERO)       #大于阈值保持不变，小于阈值变为0
r5, img5 = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV)       #大于阈值变为0，小于阈值保持不变

cv2.imshow('原图', img)
cv2.imshow('大于阈值变为255', img1)
cv2.imshow('大于阈值变为0', img2)
cv2.imshow('大于阈值变为阈值', img3)
cv2.imshow('大于阈值保持不变', img4)
cv2.imshow('小于阈值保持不变', img5)



cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

自动阈值分割

import cv2
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

img = cv2.imread('影子.jpg', 0)       #0表示读取为灰度图

# img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)     #灰度图

'''自动阈值分割 ：自适应阈值法、Otsu大津法'''

img_Z_M = cv2.adaptiveThreshold(img, 255, cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, cv2.THRESH_BINARY, 9, 4)
img_Z_G = cv2.adaptiveThreshold(img, 255, cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C, cv2.THRESH_BINARY, 9, 4)
'''cv2.adaptiveThreshold(src, maxValue, adaptiveMethod, thresholdType, blockSize, C)
src：输入图像
maxValue：最大阈值，一般为255
adaptiveMethod：小区域阈值计算方法
cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C：小区域平均值
cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C：小区域通过高斯核加权求和
thresholdType：方式，同上5种
blockSize：小区域面积，奇数。例：5代表5*5
C：小区域阈值计算值减去此值为最终阈值结果
'''

'''cv2.THRESH_OTSU；大津法'''
r_D, img_D = cv2.threshold(img, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)
img_G = cv2.GaussianBlur(img, (3, 3), 0)
r_G_D, img_G_D = cv2.threshold(img_G, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)		#0为初始阈值，从0开始计算


cv2.imshow('原图', img)
cv2.imshow('自适应阈值（均值）', img_Z_M)
cv2.imshow('自适应阈值（高斯）', img_Z_G)
cv2.imshow('大津法', img_D)
cv2.imshow('高斯大津法', img_G_D)

hist_0 = cv2.calcHist([img], [0], None, [256], [0, 300])
hist_1 = cv2.calcHist([img_G], [0], None, [256], [0, 300])
plt.subplot(2, 1, 1)
plt.plot(hist_0, 'b')
plt.subplot(2, 1, 2)
plt.plot(hist_1, 'r')
plt.show()


cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1vr4y1E7fW/?spm_id_from=333.788&vd_source=b89ce2a9b55dab86caa0ee60b66c9f86

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1pB4y1p7Ak/?p=15&spm_id_from=pageDriver&vd_source=b89ce2a9b55dab86caa0ee60b66c9f86