0 前言
🔥 这两年开始毕业设计和毕业答辩的要求和难度不断提升，传统的毕设题目缺少创新和亮点，往往达不到毕业答辩的要求，这两年不断有学弟学妹告诉学长自己做的项目系统达不到老师的要求。
为了大家能够顺利以及最少的精力通过毕设，学长分享优质毕业设计项目，今天要分享的是
🚩 ** 基于单片机的地震探测器系统 **
🥇学长这里给一个题目综合评分(每项满分5分)
- 难度系数：4分
- 工作量：4分
- 创新点：3分
🧿 选题指导, 项目分享：
1 简介
基于Arduino单片机的加速度传感地震探测器，使用3轴加速度计ADXL335作为传感器来检测地震的倾斜、颤动或任何震动。ADXL335加速度计与Arduino和LCD显示屏连接构成。
2 主要器件
- Arduino Uno开发板
- ADXL335加速度计模块
- 1602液晶显示屏
- 蜂鸣器
- LED指示灯
3 实现效果
点击运行，图形就会开始运行。摇动加速度计并观察图表。
4 硬件设计
3轴加速度计ADXL335
该加速度计模块基于流行的ADXL335三轴模拟加速度计IC，该IC读取X、Y和Z加速度作为模拟电压。通过测量由于重力引起的加速度，加速度计可以找出相对于地球倾斜的角度。通过检测动态加速度，加速度计可以找出设备移动的速度和方向。利用这两个属性，您可以制作各种很酷的项目，从乐器到汽车（或儿童汽车）上的速度监视器。加速度计非常容易使用3个模拟输入引脚连接到Arduino微控制器，并且可以与其他大多数微控制器（例如PIC或AVR）一起使用。
特征：
- 3V-6V DC电源电压
- 板载LDO稳压器
- 可以与3V3或5V单片机连接。
- 超低功耗：测量模式下为40uA，待机时为0.1uA
- 自由落体检测
- 模拟输出
ADXL335加速度计的工作原理
最常用的设备是压电加速度计。顾名思义，它采用了压电效应原理。该器件由压电石英晶体组成，在其上施加了要测量其值的加速力。
由于特殊的自生特性，晶体产生的电压与加速力成正比。
电路图和连接
5 部分核心代码
#include<LiquidCrystal.h> // lcd Header
LiquidCrystal lcd(7,6,5,4,3,2); // pins for LCD Connection
#define buzzer 12 // buzzer pin
#define led 13 //led pin
#define x A0 // x_out pin of Accelerometer
#define y A1 // y_out pin of Accelerometer
#define z A2 // z_out pin of Accelerometer
/*variables*/
int xsample=0;
int ysample=0;
int zsample=0;
long start;
int buz=0;
/*Macros*/
#define samples 50
#define maxVal 20 // max change limit
#define minVal -20 // min change limit
#define buzTime 5000 // buzzer on time
void setup()
{
lcd.begin(16,2); //initializing lcd
Serial.begin(9600); // initializing serial
delay(1000);
lcd.print("EarthQuake ");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Detector ");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Calibrating.....");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Please wait...");
pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
buz=0;
digitalWrite(buzzer, buz);
digitalWrite(led, buz);
for(int i=0;i<samples;i++) // taking samples for calibration
{
xsample+=analogRead(x);
ysample+=analogRead(y);
zsample+=analogRead(z);
}
xsample/=samples; // taking avg for x
ysample/=samples; // taking avg for y
zsample/=samples; // taking avg for z
delay(3000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Calibrated");
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Device Ready");
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print(" X Y Z ");
}
void loop()
{
int value1=analogRead(x); // reading x out
int value2=analogRead(y); //reading y out
int value3=analogRead(z); //reading z out
int xValue=xsample-value1; // finding change in x
int yValue=ysample-value2; // finding change in y
int zValue=zsample-value3; // finding change in z
/*displying change in x,y and z axis values over lcd*/
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(xValue);
lcd.setCursor(6,1);
lcd.print(yValue);
lcd.setCursor(12,1);
lcd.print(zValue);
delay(100);
/* comparing change with predefined limits*/
if(xValue < minVal || xValue > maxVal || yValue < minVal || yValue > maxVal || zValue < minVal || zValue > maxVal)
{
if(buz == 0)
start=millis(); // timer start
buz=1; // buzzer / led flag activated
}
else if(buz == 1) // buzzer flag activated then alerting earthquake
{
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Earthquake Alert ");
if(millis()>= start+buzTime)
buz=0;
}
else
{
lcd.clear();
lcd.print(" X Y Z ");
}
digitalWrite(buzzer, buz); // buzzer on and off command
digitalWrite(led, buz); // led on and off command
/*sending values to processing for plot over the graph*/
Serial.print("x=");
Serial.println(xValue);
Serial.print("y=");
Serial.println(yValue);
Serial.print("z=");
Serial.println(zValue);
Serial.println(" $");
}
import processing.serial.*;
PFont f6,f8,f12,f10;
PFont f24;
Serial myPort; // The serial port
int xPos = 0; // horizontal position of the graph
float y1=0;
float y2=0;
float y3=0;
void setup ()
{
// set the window size: and Font size
f6 = createFont("Arial",6,true);
f8 = createFont("Arial",8,true);
f10 = createFont("Arial",10,true);
f12 = createFont("Arial",12,true);
f24 = createFont("Arial",24,true);
size(1200, 700);
// List all the available serial ports
println(Serial.list());
myPort = new Serial(this, "COM10", 9600);
println(myPort);
myPort.bufferUntil('\n');
background(80);
}
void draw ()
{
serial ();
}
void serial()
{
String inString = myPort.readStringUntil('$'); // reading incomming date from serial
if (inString != null)
{
// extracting all required values of all three axis:
int l1=inString.indexOf("x=")+2;
String temp1=inString.substring(l1,l1+3);
l1=inString.indexOf("y=")+2;
String temp2=inString.substring(l1,l1+3);
l1=inString.indexOf("z=")+2;
String temp3=inString.substring(l1,l1+3);
//mapping x, y and z value with graph dimensions
float inByte1 = float(temp1+(char)9);
inByte1 = map(inByte1, -80,80, 0, height-80);
float inByte2 = float(temp2+(char)9);
inByte2 = map(inByte2,-80,80, 0, height-80);
float inByte3 = float(temp3+(char)9);
inByte3 = map(inByte3,-80,80, 0, height-80);
float x=map(xPos,0,1120,40,width-40);
//ploting graph window, unit
strokeWeight(2);
stroke(175);
Line(0,0,0,100);
textFont(f24);
fill(0,00,255);
textAlign(RIGHT);
xmargin("EarthQuake Graph (SESMIOGRAPH)",200,100);
fill(100);
strokeWeight(100);
line(1050,80,1200,80);
strokeWeight(1);
textAlign(RIGHT);
fill(0,0,255);
String temp="X:"+temp1;
Text(temp,100,95);
fill(0,255,0);
temp="Y:"+temp2;
Text(temp,100,92);
fill(255,0,0);;
temp="Z:"+temp3;
Text(temp,100,89);
//ploting x y and z values over graph
strokeWeight(2);
int shift=40;
stroke(0,0,255);
if(y1 == 0)
y1=height-inByte1-shift;
line(x, y1, x+2, height-inByte1-shift) ;
y1=height-inByte1-shift;
stroke(0,255,0);
if(y2 == 0)
y2=height-inByte2-shift;
line(x, y2, x+2, height-inByte2-shift) ;
y2=height-inByte2-shift;
stroke(255,0,0);
if(y2 == 0)
y3=height-inByte3-shift;
line(x, y3, x+2, height-inByte3-shift) ;
y3=height-inByte3-shift;
xPos+=1;
if (x >= width-30) // go back to begining
{
xPos = 0;
background(80);
}
}
}
void Line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
float xx1=map(x1,0,100,40,width-40);
float xx2=map(x2,0,100,40,width-40);
float yy1=map(y1,0,100,height-40,40);
float yy2=map(y2,0,100,height-40,40);
line(xx1,yy1,xx2,yy2);
xx2=map(100,0,100,40,width-40);
yy2=map(0,0,100,height-40,40);
line(xx1,yy1,xx2,yy2);
strokeWeight(1);
for(int i=1;i<21;i++)
{
yy2=map(i*10,0,200,height-40,40);
yy1=yy2;
line(xx1,yy1,xx2,yy2);
}
yy2=map(100,0,100,height-40,40);
yy1=map(0,0,100,height-40,40);
for(int i=1;i<41;i++)
{
xx1=map(i*5,0,200,40,width-40);
xx2=map(i*5,0,200,40,width-40);
line(xx1,yy1,xx2,yy2);
}
textAlign(RIGHT); // 100 degree
// result+=yy1;
fill(255);
strokeWeight(1);
textFont(f12);
for(int i=-10;i<11;i++)
{
String result="";
result+=5*i;
ymargin(result, x1,y1);
y1+=5;
}
x1=0;
y1=0;
strokeWeight(1);
textFont(f10);
for(int i=0;i<41;i++)
{
String result="";
result+=28*3*i;
xmargin(result, x1,y1);
x1+=5;
}
textAlign(RIGHT);
textAlign(RIGHT);
}
void ymargin(String value, int x1, int y1)
{
float xx1=map(x1,0,100,40,width-40);
float yy1=map(y1,0,100,height-40,40);
text(value,xx1-5,yy1+5);
}
void xmargin(String value, int x1, int y1)
{
float xx1=map(x1,0,200,40,width-40);
float yy1=map(y1,0,100,height-25,25);
text(value,xx1+7,yy1);
}
void Text(String value, int x1, int y1)
{
float xx1=map(x1,0,100,40,width-40);
float yy1=map(y1,0,100,height-25,25);
text(value,xx1,yy1);
}
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