tensorflow：评估并输出生成模型的SSIM指标

  SSIM(Structural Similarity)，结构相似性，是一种衡量两幅图像相似度的指标。常用于衡量生成模型的图像生成能力。

  记录tensorflow下评估源图像与生成图像SSIM的code。有三个要点：

1.解决输入图像的img.shape不存在问题，需要代码最前面加入tf.enable_eager_execution()

2.value = SSIM_LOSS(img1, img2)函数输入格式问题，必须先通过resize将两图像大小，维度保持一致

3.img维度问题：img1/img2均需为4维张量，故用tf.expand_dims(img2, axis=0)扩充了维度。

img1 = tf.image.decode_image(tf.io.read_file('./test_imgs/IR5_ds.bmp'), channels=0)是灰度/bmp格式图像的参数，若为rgb，channels应设置为3。

import tensorflow as tf
#tf.compat.v1.disable_eager_execution()
import numpy as np

def _tf_fspecial_gauss(size, sigma):
	"""Function to mimic the 'fspecial' gaussian MATLAB function
	"""
	x_data, y_data = np.mgrid[-size // 2 + 1:size // 2 + 1, -size // 2 + 1:size // 2 + 1]

	x_data = np.expand_dims(x_data, axis = -1)
	x_data = np.expand_dims(x_data, axis = -1)

	y_data = np.expand_dims(y_data, axis = -1)
	y_data = np.expand_dims(y_data, axis = -1)

	x = tf.constant(x_data, dtype = tf.float32)
	y = tf.constant(y_data, dtype = tf.float32)

	g = tf.exp(-((x ** 2 + y ** 2) / (2.0 * sigma ** 2)))
	return g / tf.reduce_sum(g)


def SSIM_LOSS(img1, img2, size = 11, sigma = 1.5):
	window = _tf_fspecial_gauss(size, sigma)  # window shape [size, size]
	K1 = 0.01
	K2 = 0.03
	L = 1  # depth of image (255 in case the image has a different scale)
	C1 = (K1 * L) ** 2
	C2 = (K2 * L) ** 2
	mu1 = tf.nn.conv2d(img1, window, strides = [1, 1, 1, 1], padding = 'VALID')
	mu2 = tf.nn.conv2d(img2, window, strides = [1, 1, 1, 1], padding = 'VALID')
	mu1_sq = mu1 * mu1
	mu2_sq = mu2 * mu2
	mu1_mu2 = mu1 * mu2
	sigma1_sq = tf.nn.conv2d(img1 * img1, window, strides = [1, 1, 1, 1], padding = 'VALID') - mu1_sq
	sigma2_sq = tf.nn.conv2d(img2 * img2, window, strides = [1, 1, 1, 1], padding = 'VALID') - mu2_sq
	sigma12 = tf.nn.conv2d(img1 * img2, window, strides = [1, 1, 1, 1], padding = 'VALID') - mu1_mu2

	value = (2.0 * sigma12 + C2) / (sigma1_sq + sigma2_sq + C2)
	value = tf.reduce_mean(value)
	return value

def main():
    tf.enable_eager_execution()
    img1 = tf.image.decode_image(tf.io.read_file('./generated_imgs/XXX.bmp'), channels=0)
    img2 = tf.image.decode_image(tf.io.read_file('./test_imgs/XXX.bmp'), channels=0)  # assuming your image is RGB
    print(img1.shape)
    img2_height, img2_width = img2.shape[0], img2.shape[1]               ## img1 当前的形状是 [268, 360, 1]
    
    img1 = tf.image.resize(img1, [img2_height, img2_width], method=tf.image.ResizeMethod.NEAREST_NEIGHBOR)
    img1 = tf.image.convert_image_dtype(img1, tf.float32)  

    img2 = tf.image.convert_image_dtype(img2, tf.float32)
    img1_shape = img1.shape  
  
	# 使用 tf.expand_dims 增加一个额外的维度，表示批处理大小为 1  
    img1 = tf.expand_dims(img1, axis=0)  
    assert img1.shape == [1] + img1_shape
    
    img2_shape = img2.shape
    img2 = tf.expand_dims(img2, axis=0)
    assert img2.shape == [1] + img2_shape
    
    value = SSIM_LOSS(img1, img2) 
    print('hi')
    print(type(value))
    with tf.Session():
        print(value.numpy())
        #print(value.eval())
		#print('SSIM_Value:', num.numpy())
	
if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()