import random
import sys
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QVBoxLayout,QPushButton, QGroupBox, QHBoxLayout, QMenu
class MyWin(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setUI()
def setUI(self):
self.setWindowTitle('统计图matplotlib')
mainlay = QHBoxLayout()
# 图形设置图框
setChartGroup = QGroupBox('图形设置')
setChartLay = QVBoxLayout()
setChartGroup.setLayout(setChartLay)
mainlay.addWidget(setChartGroup)
# 显示折线图按钮
lineChartButton = QPushButton("显示拆线图")
lineChartButton.clicked.connect(self.show_lineChart)
setChartLay.addWidget(lineChartButton)
# 绘图设置按钮
setMatplotlibButton = QPushButton("设置尺寸和保存路径")
setMatplotlibButton.clicked.connect(self.setSize_Save_Ticks)
setChartLay.addWidget(setMatplotlibButton)
# 设置刻度按钮
ticksButton = QPushButton('设置刻度')
ticksButton.clicked.connect(self.setChineseFontTicks)
setChartLay.addWidget(ticksButton)
# 设置图形信息
chartInfoButton = QPushButton('设置图形信息')
chartInfoButton.clicked.connect(self.setChartInfo)
setChartLay.addWidget(chartInfoButton)
# 多折线显示
morelinechartButton = QPushButton('多折线显示')
morelinechartButton.clicked.connect(self.morelineChart)
setChartLay.addWidget(morelinechartButton)
# 更多设置
moreSetButton = QPushButton('更多设置')
moreSetButton.clicked.connect(self.moreSet)
setChartLay.addWidget(moreSetButton)
# 统计分析图分组框
statisticalAnalysisChartGroup = QGroupBox('统计分析图表')
statisticalAnalysisLay = QVBoxLayout()
statisticalAnalysisChartGroup.setLayout(statisticalAnalysisLay)
mainlay.addWidget(statisticalAnalysisChartGroup)
# 散点菜单
scatterChartButton = QPushButton('散点图')
scatterChartButton.clicked.connect(self.scatterMenu)
statisticalAnalysisLay.addWidget(scatterChartButton)
# 条形图菜单
barChartButton=QPushButton('条形图')
barChartButton.clicked.connect(self.setBarChartMenu)
statisticalAnalysisLay.addWidget(barChartButton)
# 直方图按钮
histChartButton=QPushButton('直方图')
histChartButton.clicked.connect(self.setHistMenu)
statisticalAnalysisLay.addWidget(histChartButton)
# 进阶设置按钮
otherSetButton=QPushButton("进阶设置")
otherSetButton.clicked.connect(self.otherSetMenu)
statisticalAnalysisLay.addWidget(otherSetButton)
self.setLayout(mainlay)
# 显示拆线图
def show_lineChart(self):
x = range(2, 26, 2)
y = [15, 13, 14.5, 17, 20, 25, 26, 26, 24, 22, 18, 15]
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()
# 设置尺寸和保存路径
def setSize_Save_Ticks(self):
# 1.设置图片尺寸
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8), dpi=80)
x = range(2, 26, 2)
y = [15, 13, 14.5, 17, 20, 25, 26, 26, 24, 22, 18, 15]
plt.plot(x, y)
# 设置数字刻度
plt.yticks(y)
'''
设置纯数字刻度的语法
plt.xticks(x)
plt.yticks(x)
刻度值的参数x或y可以设置为任意可以遍历的数字序列
'''
# 保存图片
plt.savefig('lineChart.png')
plt.show()
# 设置刻度及中文显示
def setChineseFontTicks(self):
plt.figure(figsize=(20, 8), dpi=80)
# 设置字体中文显示，该方法比如老师教的方法简单
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
'''
语法：plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']='中文字体的英语名称'
常见中中文字体的英语名称：
黑体: SimHei
宋体:SimSun
新宋体: NSimSun
仿宋:FangSong
楷体;KaiTi
仿宋_GB2312; FangSong_GB2312
楷体_GB2312: KaiTi_GB2312
微软雅黑体: Microsoft YaHei
隶书: LiSu
幼圆: YouYuan
华文细黑:STXihei
华文楷体:STKaiti
华文宋体:STSong
华文中宋:STZhongsong
华文仿宋:STFangsong
方正舒体:FZShuTi
方正姚体:FZYaoti
华文彩云:STCaiyun
华文琥珀:STHupo
华文隶书:STLiti
华文行楷:STXingkai
华文新魏:STXinwei
'''
x = range(0, 121)
y = [random.randint(20, 35) for i in range(121)]
plt.plot(x, y)
xNum = range(0, 121, 10)
xText = ["你好{}".format(i) for i in xNum]
teststr = list('ABCDEFGHIJKLMN')
# 设置坐标轴显示带有文字的刻度
plt.xticks(xNum, xText, rotation=45)
'''
xNum,表示要传入的坐标轴数字
xText,表示在想应的xNum中数字位置要显示的字符串，即要显示的文本
不定要需要传入带有刻度文字的字符串，也可以传入纯字符串，比如
teststr中的ABCDEFGHIJKLM，将xText换成变量teststr,即可
以正常显示，且记，xNum和 xText元素个数一定要一致，否则报错。
rotation=45，表示刻度旋转45度。
'''
plt.show()
# 设置图形信息
def setChartInfo(self):
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
x = range(2, 26, 2)
y = [15, 13, 14.5, 17, 20, 25, 26, 26, 24, 22, 18, 15]
plt.plot(x, y)
# 设置坐标轴名称
plt.xlabel('时间')
plt.ylabel('温度')
# 设置图表名称
plt.title('温度变化规律')
plt.show()
# 显示多条折线
def morelineChart(self):
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
y1 = [6, 2, 8, 9, 12, 17, 7, 6]
y2 = [4, 9, 1, 3, 5, 11, 8, 10]
plt.plot(x, y1)
plt.plot(x, y2)
plt.show()
# 更多设置
def moreSet(self):
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
y1 = [6, 2, 8, 9, 12, 17, 7, 6]
y2 = [4, 9, 1, 3, 5, 11, 8, 10]
plt.plot(x, y1, label="李四")
# 其他设置：线条图例，线条颜色，线条线型，线条透明度，线条宽度，线条透明
plt.plot(x, y2, label='张三', color='r', linestyle='-.', linewidth=3, alpha=0.6)
'''
label:设置图例名称
color:设置线条颜色
颜色参数值的含义：
'r'：红色
'g'：绿色
'b'：蓝色
'w'：白色
'c'：青色
'm'：洋红
'y'：黄色
'k'：黑色
'16进制颜色标识符'，如#FFC0CB表示粉红
liestyle:设置线条的线型
线型参数值含义：
'-':实线
'--'：虚线
'-.'：点划线
':'：点虚线，虚线
'空格'：无线
alpa:设置线条的透明度，参数为数值
'''
# 设置显示网格线
plt.grid(alpha=0.2)
'''
alpha表示透明度，数值在0~1之间
'''
# 显示图例位置
plt.legend(loc=2)
'''
默认显示位置好像是右上角，即不传递参数时显示位置为右上角
best:0
upper right:1
upper left:2
lower right:3
lower left:4
right:5
center right:6
center left:7
lower center:8
upper center:9
center:10
'''
plt.show()
# 散点图菜单
def scatterMenu(self):
scatterMenu = QMenu()
scatterChartAction = scatterMenu.addAction('绘制散点图')
scatterChartAction.triggered.connect(self.scatterChart)
setScatterChartAction = scatterMenu.addAction('设置散点图')
setScatterChartAction.triggered.connect(self.setScatterChart)
setScatterLeftRightChartAction = scatterMenu.addAction('左右两个散点图')
setScatterLeftRightChartAction.triggered.connect(self.LeftRightScatter)
scatterMenu.exec()
# 绘制散点图
def scatterChart(self):
temperaturelist = [11, 17, 16, 11, 12, 11, 12, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15, 14, 17, 18, 21, 16, 17, 20, 14, 15, 15,
15, 19, 21, 22, 22, 22, 23]
xaxis = range(1, 32)
plt.scatter(xaxis, temperaturelist)
plt.show()
# 设置散点图
def setScatterChart(self):
# 设置尺寸
plt.figure(figsize=(20,12),dpi=80)
# 设置字体
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
temperaturelist = [11, 17, 16, 11, 12, 11, 12, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15, 14, 17, 18, 21, 16, 17, 20, 14, 15, 15,
15, 19, 21, 22, 22, 22, 23]
xaxis = range(1, 32)
plt.scatter(xaxis, temperaturelist)
# 设置坐标轴
xnum=[5,10,15,20,25,30]
xtext=list('3月{}日'.format(i) for i in xnum)
ynum=[0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27]
ytext=list('{}°C'.format(i) for i in ynum)
plt.xticks(xnum,xtext)
plt.yticks(ynum,ytext)
# 设置标题和坐标轴名称
plt.title('2018年3月份温度变化')
plt.xlabel('日期')
plt.ylabel('温度(°C)')
plt.show()
# 左右两个散点图
def LeftRightScatter(self):
plt.figure(figsize=(20,6),dpi=80)
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
Mar_temperaturelist = [11, 17, 16, 11, 12, 11, 12, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15, 14, 17, 18, 21, 16, 17, 20, 14, 15, 15,
15, 19, 21, 22, 22, 22, 23]
Oct_temperaturelist = [26.26,28, 19, 21, 17, 16, 19, 18, 20, 20, 19, 22, 23, 17, 20, 21, 20, 22, 15, 11, 15, 5, 13, 17, 10, 11,
13, 12, 13, 6]
Mar_date=range(1,32)
Oct_date=range(61,91)
plt.scatter(Mar_date,Mar_temperaturelist)
plt.scatter(Oct_date,Oct_temperaturelist)
Mar_Num=[5,10,15,20,15,30]
Oct_Num=[65,70,75,80,85,90]
dateNum=Mar_Num+Oct_Num
dateText=list('3月{}日'.format(i) for i in Mar_Num)+list('10月{}日'.format(i-60) for i in Oct_Num)
plt.xticks(dateNum,dateText)
plt.show()
# 设置条形图菜单
def setBarChartMenu(self):
setBarMenu = QMenu()
barChartAction = setBarMenu.addAction('绘制条形图')
barChartAction.triggered.connect(self.barChart)
HbarChartAction=setBarMenu.addAction('横向条形图')
HbarChartAction.triggered.connect(self.setHBarChart)
moreBarInChartAction=setBarMenu.addAction('一窗多条')
moreBarInChartAction.triggered.connect(self.moreBarInChart)
setBarMenu.exec()
# 绘制普通条形图
def barChart(self):
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
filmlist=['战狼2','速度与激情8','功夫瑜伽','西游伏魔篇','变形金刚5：最后的骑士','摔跤吧！爸爸','加勒比海盗5：死无对证','金刚：骷髅岛',
'极限特工：终极回归','生化危机：终章','乘风破浪','神偷奶爸3','智取威虎山','大闹天竺','金刚狼3：殊死一战','蜘蛛侠：英雄归来',
'悟空传','银河护卫队2','情圣','新木乃伊']
sellmoney = [56.01, 26.94, 17.53, 16.49, 15.45, 12.96, 11.8, 11.61, 11.28, 11.12, 10.49, 10.3, 8.75, 7.55, 7.32, 6.99,
6.88, 6.86, 6.58, 6.23]
plt.bar(filmlist,sellmoney,width=0.6,color='r')
'''
width:表示条形图的宽宽
color：表示条形图的颜色
可以采用类似方法绘制横向条形图
plt.barh(filmlist,sellmoney)
'''
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
# 设置图形的边距
plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.5,bottom=0.25)
'''
6个参数：
left,bottom,right,top,这四个参数的值好像在0~1之间，这个数值的含义好像是边距占整个绘图界面的尺寸比例
wspace,hspace这个参数的作用以后再研究
'''
plt.show()
# 绘制横向条形图
def setHBarChart(self):
plt.figure(figsize=(20, 8), dpi=80)
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
filmlist = ['战狼2', '速度与激情8', '功夫瑜伽', '西游伏魔篇', '变形金刚5：最后的骑士', '摔跤吧！爸爸',
'加勒比海盗5：死无对证', '金刚：骷髅岛',
'极限特工：终极回归', '生化危机：终章', '乘风破浪', '神偷奶爸3', '智取威虎山', '大闹天竺',
'金刚狼3：殊死一战', '蜘蛛侠：英雄归来',
'悟空传', '银河护卫队2', '情圣', '新木乃伊']
sellmoney = [56.01, 26.94, 17.53, 16.49, 15.45, 12.96, 11.8, 11.61, 11.28, 11.12, 10.49, 10.3, 8.75, 7.55, 7.32,
6.99,
6.88, 6.86, 6.58, 6.23]
plt.barh(range(len(filmlist)),sellmoney)
plt.yticks(range(len(filmlist)),filmlist)
'''
水平向条形图可以采用类似的方法传递参数绘制
plt.bar(range(len(filmlist)),sellmoney)
plt.xticks(range(len(filmlist)),filmlist)
'''
plt.ylim()
plt.show()
# 一窗多条，此用法需要加强练习和琢磨
def moreBarInChart(self):
plt.figure(figsize=(20,10),dpi=80)
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
filmlist=['猩球崛起3：终极之战','敦刻尔克','蜘蛛侠：英雄归来','战狼2']
Sep14=[15746,312,4497,319]
Sep15=[12357, 156, 2045, 168]
Sep16=[2358, 399, 2358, 362]
# 设置x轴刻度
barWidth=0.2
x14=range(len(filmlist))
x15=list(i+barWidth for i in x14)
x16=list(i+barWidth*2 for i in x14)
plt.bar(x14,Sep14,width=barWidth,label='9月14日')
plt.bar(x15,Sep15,width=barWidth,label='9月15日')
plt.bar(x16,Sep16,width=barWidth,label='9月15日')
plt.xticks(x15, filmlist) # 只需要在中间一个条形图标名称即可
plt.legend()
plt.show()
# 设置直方图菜单
def setHistMenu(self):
setHistMenu=QMenu()
HistChartAction=setHistMenu.addAction('直方图')
HistChartAction.triggered.connect(self.histChart)
HistChartOtherTeatherAction=setHistMenu.addAction('直方图(其他老师)')
HistChartOtherTeatherAction.triggered.connect(self.histChart_otherTeather)
setHistMenu.exec()
def histChart(self):
# 处理qq识别后的数据str1
str1='131,98,125,131,124,139,131,117,128,108,135,138,131,102,107,114, 119,128,121,142,127, 130,124,101,110,116, 117,110, 128,128,115，99,136,126,134,95,138,117, 111,78,132,124,113,150,101,117，86，95,144,105,126,130,126,130,126,116,123,106,112,138,123，86,101，99,136,123,117,119,105,137,123,128,125,104,109,134,125,127,105, 120,107, 129, 116, 108,132,103,136,118, 102, 120, 114,105,115, 132,145, 119, 121,112,139, 125, 138,109,132,134,156, 106,117, 127,144,139,139, 119,140，83,110,102,123,107,143,115,136,118,139,123,112, 118,125,109,119,133,112,114,122,109,106,123,116,131,127,115,118,112,135,115,146,137,116,103,144，83,123,111,110, 111，100，154,136,100,118,119,133,134,106,129,126, 110, 111,109,141,120,117,106,149,122,122,110, 118, 127, 121,114,125, 126,114, 140, 103,130, 141,117,106,114,121,114,133,137，92,121, 112, 146,97,137,105，98,117, 112，81，97,139,113,134,106,144, 110,137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111,101,110,105,129,137, 112,120,113,133,112，83，94,146,133,101,131,116,111，84,137,115,122,106,144,109,123,116,111,111,133,150'
str2=str1.replace(' ','')
str3=str2.replace('，',',')
list1=str3.split(sep=',')
filmTime=list(eval(i) for i in list1)
# 设置组数,组距
'''
组数：将数据分组，当数据在100以内时，按数据多少，常分为5~12组
组距：每个小数两个终点的距离
级数=极差/组距
'''
hist_width=3
hist_num=int((max(filmTime)-min(filmTime))/hist_width)
# 设置图形尺寸文字
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
# 绘制直方图
plt.hist(filmTime,hist_num)
# 设置刻度
plt.xticks(range(min(filmTime),max(filmTime)+hist_width,hist_width+5))
plt.grid()
plt.show()
def histChart_otherTeather(self):
a = [88, 122, 97, 92, 129, 101, 133, 78, 109, 115, 136, 122, 92, 149, 92, 112, 145, 115, 118, 90, 130, 97, 147,
89, 103, 112, 86, 130, 98, 114, 84, 98, 99, 85, 133, 111, 127, 139, 131, 133, 150, 86, 92, 103, 97, 85, 91,
88, 147, 141, 104, 96, 84, 80, 101, 146, 142, 88, 105, 103, 148, 146, 113, 106, 109, 104, 83, 130, 131, 97,
109, 139, 124, 98, 107, 99, 94, 127, 144, 140, 104, 132, 83, 127, 82, 103, 125, 86, 121, 120, 98, 140, 102,
142, 120, 117, 126, 128, 118, 103, 130, 102, 116, 83, 120, 138, 95, 123, 147, 125, 139, 83, 137, 143, 144,
117, 94, 90, 127, 143, 142, 98, 98, 132, 85, 80, 150, 121, 87, 148, 87, 150, 137, 114, 106, 81, 114, 138,
101, 131, 138, 129, 100, 106, 114, 97, 83, 130, 89, 88, 98, 87, 102, 149, 89, 135, 116, 96, 130, 133, 135,
146, 137, 129, 137, 107, 117, 82, 132, 94, 142, 99, 117, 103, 124, 112, 124, 115, 99, 143, 116, 91, 109,
150, 93, 134, 150, 137, 111, 149, 140, 111, 129, 106, 143, 120, 92, 145, 106, 108, 114, 149, 112, 100, 101,
141, 97, 89, 85, 118, 147, 82, 108, 102, 145, 93, 130, 110, 110, 101, 115, 137, 126, 105, 132, 123, 146,
92, 113, 129, 112, 81, 104, 129, 109, 146, 124, 115, 116, 139, 144, 147, 132, 84, 110, 127, 119, 116, 150,
122]
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
list1 = list(77 + 5 * i for i in range(16))
plt.hist(a,list1)
'''
参数density设置y刻度显示频率
'''
xnum=range(min(a),max(a)+1,3)
plt.xticks(list1)
plt.grid()
plt.show()
# 进阶设置菜单
def otherSetMenu(self):
otherSetMenu=QMenu()
# 设置坐标
coordinatesAction=otherSetMenu.addAction('设置坐标')
coordinatesAction.triggered.connect(self.setCoordinates)
# 条形图的color参数可以传入颜色列表，这样相邻条形颜色可以不同
BarColorListAction=otherSetMenu.addAction('条形图的颜色参数可以传入列表')
otherSetMenu.exec()
# 设置坐标
def setCoordinates(self):
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'Microsoft YaHei'
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
y= [6, 2, 8, 9, 12, 17, 7, 6]
list1 = [(x[i], y[i]) for i in range(len(x))]
plt.plot(x, y)
# 设置坐标文本
print(list1)
for i in range(len(x)):
plt.text(x=x[i],y=y[i],s=list1[i])
'''
关于plt.text()参数的使用方法：见微信文件输入助手，有网络将该内容整理至此处
该方法的使用需要好好研究
'''
plt.show()
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MyWin()
w.show()
app.exec()
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