目录
一、基于I2C协议的AHT20温湿度传感器的数据采集
1.I2C协议
1）软件I2C
直接使用 CPU 内核按照 I2C 协议的要求控制 GPIO 输出高低电平，从而模拟I2C。
2）硬件I2C
对应 STM32 芯片中的硬件 I2C 外设，有相应的I2C驱动电路，其所使用的I2C管脚也是专用。
3）二者区别
可以看底层配置，比如IO口配置，如果配置了IO口的功能(IIC功能)那就是固件IIC，否则就是模拟
可以看IIC写函数，看里面有木有调用现成的函数或者给某个寄存器赋值，如果有，则肯定是固件IIC功能，没有的话肯定是数据一个bit一个bit模拟发生送的，肯定用到了循环，则为模拟。
2.源代码
void AHT20_Init(void) //初始化AHT20
{
Init_I2C_Sensor_Port();
I2C_Start();
AHT20_WR_Byte(0x70);
Receive_ACK();
AHT20_WR_Byte(0xa8);//0xA8进入nor工作模式
Receive_ACK();
AHT20_WR_Byte(0x00);
Receive_ACK();
AHT20_WR_Byte(0x00);
Receive_ACK();
Stop_I2C();
Delay_1ms(10);//延时10毫秒
I2C_Start();
AHT20_WR_Byte(0x70);
Receive_ACK();
AHT20_WR_Byte(0xbe);//0xBE初始化命令，AHT20的初始化命令式是0xBE，AHT10的初始化命令是0xE1
Receive_ACK();
AHT20_WR_Byte(0x08);//相关寄存器bit[3]置1，为校准输出
Receive_ACK();
AHT20_WR_Byte(0x00);
Receive_ACK();
Stop_I2C();
Delay_1ms(10);//延时10毫秒
}
主要流程
uint32_t CT_data[2];
volatile int c1,t1;
/***********************************************************************************/
/**///①刚上电，产品芯片内部就绪需要时间，延时100~500ms,建议500ms
/***********************************************************************************/
Delay_1ms(500);
/***********************************************************************************/
/**///②上电第一次发0x71读取状态字，判断状态字是否为0x18,如果不是0x18,进行寄存器初始化
/***********************************************************************************/
if((AHT20_Read_Status()&0x18)!=0x18)
{
AHT20_Start_Init(); //重新初始化寄存器
Delay_1ms(10);
}
/***********************************************************************************/
/**///③根据客户自己需求发测量命令读取温湿度数据，当前while（1）循环发测量命令读取温湿度数据，仅供参考
/***********************************************************************************/
while(1)
{
AHT20_Read_CTdata(CT_data); //不经过CRC校验，直接读取AHT20的温度和湿度数据 推荐每隔大于1S读一次
//AHT20_Read_CTdata_crc(CT_data); //crc校验后，读取AHT20的温度和湿度数据
c1 = CT_data[0]*100*10/1024/1024; //计算得到湿度值c1（放大了10倍）
t1 = CT_data[1]*200*10/1024/1024-500;//计算得到温度值t1（放大了10倍）
下一步客户处理显示数据，
}3.烧录运行
二、STM32应用OLED屏显
1.OLED简介
OLED，即有机发光二极管（Organic Light-Emitting Diode），又称为有机电激光显示（Organic Electroluminesence Display， OELD）。OLED 由于同时具备自发光，不需背光源、对比度高、厚度薄、视角广、反应速度快、可用于挠曲性面板、使用温度范围广、构造及制程较简单等优异之特性，被认为是下一代的平面显示器新兴应用技术。 LCD 都需要背光，而 OLED 不需要，因为它是自发光的。这样同样的显示，OLED 效果要来得好一些。以目前的技术，OLED 的尺寸还难以大型化，但是分辨率确可以做到很高 值得注意的是，该模块不和 5.0V 接口兼容，别直接接到 5V 的系统上去，否则可能烧坏模块
2.模块特点
1）模块有单色和双色两种可选，单色为纯蓝色，而双色则为黄蓝双色。 2）尺寸小，显示尺寸为 0.96 寸，而模块的尺寸仅为 27mm26mm 大小。 3）高分辨率，该模块的分辨率为 12864。 4）多种接口方式，该模块提供了总共 5 种接口包括：6800、8080 两种并行接口方式、3 线或 4 线的穿行 SPI 接口方式，、IIC 接口方式（只需要 2 根线就可以控制 OLED 了！）。 5）不需要高压，直接接 3.3V 就可以工作了。
3.接线方式
stm32----------四针脚OLED
G-----------------GND
3.3---------------VCC
PB5--------------SCL
PB6--------------SDA
注：SCL与SDA的外设GPIO引脚不一定必须是PB6与PB5，可以在程序里面修改
4.源代码
main.c
#include "delay.h"
#include "key.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "timer.h"
#include "oled.h"
//GND 接电源地
//VCC 接5V或3.3v电源
//D0 接(SCL)
//D1 接(SDA)
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
OLED_Init(); //OLED初始化
OLED_Clear();
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD); //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x26,OLED_CMD); //水平向左或者向右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //起始页0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD); //开启滚动
OLED_ShowChinese(0,0,0,16); //"人"
OLED_ShowChinese(16,0,1,16); //"间"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*2,0,2,16); //"尤"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*3,0,3,16); //"物"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*4,0,4,16); //"绝"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*5,0,5,16); //"世"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*6,0,6,16); //"颜"
OLED_ShowChinese(0,16,7,16); //"风"
OLED_ShowChinese(16,16,8,16); //"华"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*2,16,9,16); //"绝"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*3,16,10,16);//"代"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*4,16,11,16);//"鞠"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*5,16,12,16);//"婧"
OLED_ShowChinese(16*6,16,13,16);//"祎"
OLED_Refresh_Gram();
while(1)
{
}
}
汉字显示函数
void OLED_ShowChinese(u8 x,u8 y,u8 num,u8 size1)
{
u8 i,m,n=0,temp,chr1;
u8 x0=x,y0=y;
u8 size3=size1/8;
while(size3--)
{
chr1=num*size1/8+n;
n++;
for(i=0;i<size1;i++)
{
if(size1==16)
{temp=Hzk1[chr1][i];}//调用16*16字体
else return;
for(m=0;m<8;m++)
{
if(temp&0x01)OLED_DrawPoint1(x,y);
else OLED_ClearPoint1(x,y);
temp>>=1;
y++;
}
x++;
if((x-x0)==size1)
{x=x0;y0=y0+8;}
y=y0;
}
}
}
温度显示函数
void read_AHT20(void)
{
uint8_t i;
for(i=0; i<6; i++)
{
readByte[i]=0;
}
//-------------
I2C_Start();
I2C_WriteByte(0x71);
ack_status = Receive_ACK();
readByte[0]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[1]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[2]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[3]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[4]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[5]= I2C_ReadByte();
SendNot_Ack();
//Send_ACK();
I2C_Stop();
//--------------
if( (readByte[0] & 0x68) == 0x08 )
{
H1 = readByte[1];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[2];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[3];
H1 = H1>>4;
H1 = (H1*1000)/1024/1024;
T1 = readByte[3];
T1 = T1 & 0x0000000F;
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[4];
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[5];
T1 = (T1*2000)/1024/1024 - 500;
AHT20_OutData[0] = (H1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = H1 & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[2] = (T1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = T1 & 0x000000FF;
}
else
{
AHT20_OutData[0] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[2] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = 0xFF;
printf("lyy");
}
/*通过串口显示采集得到的温湿度
printf("\r\n");
printf("温度:%d%d.%d",T1/100,(T1/10)%10,T1%10);
printf("湿度:%d%d.%d",H1/100,(H1/10)%10,H1%10);
printf("\r\n");*/
t=T1/10;
t1=T1%10;
a=(float)(t+t1*0.1);
h=H1/10;
h1=H1%10;
b=(float)(h+h1*0.1);
sprintf(strTemp,"%.1f",a); //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的温度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strTemp中
sprintf(strHumi,"%.1f",b); //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的湿度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strHumi中
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,00,16,"温湿度显示",1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,20,16,"温度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,20,strTemp,16,1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,38,16,"湿度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,38,strHumi,16,1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}点阵函数表达
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x3F,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x0C,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00},/*"人",0*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x06,0x00,0xF0,0x12,0x12,0x12,0xF2,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x1F,0x00,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00},/*"间",1*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x10,0x10,0xF0,0x10,0x11,0x16,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x00},
{0x80,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x78,0x00},/*"尤",2*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x40,0x3C,0x10,0xFF,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x8F,0x78,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00},
{0x02,0x06,0x02,0xFF,0x01,0x01,0x04,0x42,0x21,0x18,0x46,0x81,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00},/*"物",3*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x20,0x30,0xAC,0x63,0x10,0x20,0x10,0xE8,0x27,0x24,0xE4,0x34,0x2C,0xE0,0x00,0x00},
{0x22,0x67,0x22,0x12,0x12,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x42,0x42,0x43,0x42,0x42,0x43,0x70,0x00},/*"绝",4*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x20,0x20,0x20,0xFE,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x47,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x47,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x00},/*"世",5*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x00,0xE4,0x2C,0x35,0xA6,0x74,0x2C,0x24,0x02,0xF2,0x1A,0xD6,0x12,0xF2,0x02,0x00},
{0x40,0x3F,0x80,0x89,0x44,0x22,0x11,0x08,0x80,0x4F,0x30,0x0F,0x10,0x2F,0xC0,0x00},/*"颜",6*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x12,0x22,0xC2,0x02,0xC2,0x32,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x80,0x60,0x1F,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x00,0x0F,0x30,0x40,0xF8,0x00},/*"风",7*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x20,0x10,0x08,0xFC,0x03,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x7F,0x88,0x88,0x84,0x82,0xE0,0x00,0x00},
{0x04,0x04,0x04,0x05,0x04,0x04,0x04,0xFF,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00},/*"华",8*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x20,0x30,0xAC,0x63,0x10,0x20,0x10,0xE8,0x27,0x24,0xE4,0x34,0x2C,0xE0,0x00,0x00},
{0x22,0x67,0x22,0x12,0x12,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x42,0x42,0x43,0x42,0x42,0x43,0x70,0x00},/*"绝",9*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x00,0x80,0x60,0xF8,0x07,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x7F,0xA0,0x10,0x11,0x16,0x10,0x10,0x00},
{0x01,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x10,0x20,0x40,0xF8,0x00},/*"代",10*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x04,0xC4,0x5F,0xF4,0x5F,0xC4,0x14,0x08,0x27,0x44,0xF4,0x44,0x24,0x04,0xFC,0x00},
{0x08,0x0B,0x0A,0xFF,0x0A,0x0B,0x08,0x11,0x09,0x05,0x3F,0x05,0x49,0x81,0x7F,0x00},/*"鞠",11*/
/* (16 X 16)*/
{0x10,0x10,0xF0,0x1F,0x10,0xF0,0x44,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x7F,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x44,0x00},
{0x40,0x22,0x15,0x08,0x16,0x61,0x00,0xFF,0x15,0x15,0x15,0x55,0x95,0x7F,0x00,0x00},/*"婧",12*/
/* (16 X 16 , )*/
{0x08,0x08,0x89,0xEE,0x58,0x80,0x08,0x48,0x48,0x48,0xFF,0x48,0x48,0x48,0x48,0x00},
{0x02,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFF,0x02,0x12,0x22,0x1E,0x00},/*"祎",13*/
/* (16 X 16)*/5.烧录运行
1）固定文字
2）温湿度
3）滚屏
三、总结
通过I2C的接口使用STM32来采集AHT20测得的温度上传到上位机，这个实验是我们了解到了SPI协议，了解到了I2C的工作模式。下面两个实验的要求是关于OLED显示平显示AHT20所测得的温度和湿度，然后使用OLED显示滚动字幕。
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