c++ primer plus 6.11.3中continue与break的想法

 我希望写出的程序在点一次菜后就结束，但在输入无效字母后继续让用户输入，直到输入一个有效字母。

（1）这是第一次写的程序

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	cout << "please enter one of the following choices:\nc) carnivore p) pianist\nt) tree g)game\n";
	char ch;
	while (1)
	{
		cin >> ch;
		switch(ch)
		{
		case 'c':cout << "a maple is a conrivore.\n"; break; 
		case 'p':cout << "a maple is a pianist.\n"; break; 
		case 't':cout << "a maple is a tree.\n"; break; 
		case 'g':cout << "a maple is a game.\n"; break; 
		default:cout << "please enter a c, p, t or g:"; break;
        }
	}
	return 0;
}

这是运行结果。

 但是点一次菜后不会退出程序。

（2）在switch后加上了break，希望输入有效字母后程序跳出switch，执行最后一个break

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	cout << "please enter one of the following choices:\nc) carnivore p) pianist\nt) tree g)game\n";
	char ch;
	while (1)
	{
		cin >> ch;
		switch(ch)
		{
		case 'c':cout << "a maple is a conrivore.\n"; break;
		case 'p':cout << "a maple is a pianist.\n"; break;
		case 't':cout << "a maple is a tree.\n"; break;
		case 'g':cout << "a maple is a game.\n"; break;
		default:cout << "please enter a c, p, t or g:"; break;
		}
		break; //在switch选择后加上了break
	}
	return 0;
}

但是这样会导致输入无效字母后也退出程序

 （3）想到break和continue的关系后，把default后的break改成 先读取下一个书然后再一次进行switch判断

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	cout << "please enter one of the following choices:\nc) carnivore p) pianist\nt) tree g)game\n";
	char ch;
	while (1)
	{
		cin >> ch;
		switch (ch)
		{
		case 'c':cout << "a maple is a conrivore.\n"; break;
		case 'p':cout << "a maple is a pianist.\n"; break;
		case 't':cout << "a maple is a tree.\n"; break;
		case 'g':cout << "a maple is a game.\n"; break;
		default:
		      {
			      cout << "please enter a c, p, t or g:";
				  cin >> ch;
				  continue;
	      	  }
		}
		break;
	}
	return 0;
}

运行后发现continue退出的是外侧while循环，并且再进入while，又一次读入一个字母。此时执行default后要输入两个字母，且实际上只有第二个字母起作用。

（  这个时候感觉和目标离的很近了(≧▽≦)  ）

 （4）最后一次，删去了default中的cin

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	cout << "please enter one of the following choices:\nc) carnivore p) pianist\nt) tree g)game\n";
	char ch;
	while (1)
	{
		cin >> ch;
		switch (ch)
		{
		case 'c':cout << "a maple is a conrivore.\n"; break;//1
		case 'p':cout << "a maple is a pianist.\n"; break;//2
		case 't':cout << "a maple is a tree.\n"; break;//3
		case 'g':cout << "a maple is a game.\n"; break;//4
		default:
		      {
			      cout << "please enter a c, p, t or g:";
				  continue;
	      	  }
		}
		break;//5
	}
	return 0;
}

此时前四个break都是跳出switch，第五个break是跳出while循环

而switch中conotinue对switch无效，continue只是跳出while循环的

后来又在CSDN里查了下，发现在switch有外部循环时，continue才会跳出外部循环，否则continue与break同效

我试了下，在VS2022，在没有外部循环的情况下，不能在switch里使用continue，也就是continue与break不等效。