通讯录管理系统 — C++

Mikasa_Lee

已于 2023-01-10 15:32:36 修改

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文章标签： c++ 开发语言算法 Powered by 金山文档

于 2023-01-10 15:17:11 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_73992884/article/details/128627676

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通讯录是一个可以记录亲人、好友信息的工具。本教程主要利用C++来实现一个通讯录管理系统系统中需要实现的功能如下：

添加联系人：向通讯录中添加新人，信息包括（姓名、性别、年龄、联系电话、家庭住址）最多记录1000人

显示联系人：显示通讯录中所有联系人信息

删除联系人：按照姓名进行删除指定联系人

查找联系人：按照姓名查看指定联系人信息

修改联系人：按照姓名重新修改指定联系人

清空联系人：清空通讯录中所有信息

退出通讯录：退出当前使用的通讯录

主要步骤

建立菜单列表

退出功能实现

添加联系人

显示联系人

寻找联系人函数

删除和查找联系人

修改联系人

清空联系人

1.建立菜单列表


#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
void show_menu(){        //Show menu list
    cout << "1--Add a contact\n";
    cout << "2--Show contacts\n";
    cout << "3--Delete a contact\n";
    cout << "4--Find a contact\n";
    cout << "5--Modifying a contact\n";
    cout << "6--Clear addres books\n";
    cout << "0--Exit address books\n";
} 
int main(void){
    int select = 0;        //Record the user 's selection

a:
    show_menu();    cout << endl; 
    cin >> select;    cout << endl;
    if(select == 1){            //Add

    }else if(select == 2){        //Show
        
    }else if(select == 3){        //Delete
    
    }else if(select == 4){        //Find
        
    }else if(select == 5){        //Modify
        
    }else if(select == 6){        //Clear
        
    }else if(select == 0){        //Exit

    }else{
        cout << "Input error! Please enter again.\n";
    }
    goto a;
    
    
    
    return 0;
}

2.退出功能实现

// Exit那行,即select == 0时,exit(0)即可退出程序
else if(select == 0){
    cout << "Have quit.\n";
    system("pause");    system("cls");    //pause是按任意键继续 cls是清屏
    exit(0);   
}

3.添加联系人

3.1先创建联系人的结构体存放(姓名,性别...)

struct person{        //创建联系人结构题
    string Name;
    int Sex;        //Sex可以用1或2来表示男或女 
    int Age;
    string Phone;
    string address; 
};

3.2创建通讯录的结构体设置联系人结构体数组变量

struct addBooks{        //创建通讯录结构体
    person Array[MAX];    //定义person结构体变量  MAX为宏定义 1000
    int Size;        //记录当前人数 
};

3.3在main函数中定义addBooks 结构体变量

addbooks abs;
abs.Size = 0;      //初始话Size为0

3.4封装,调用添加联系人函数

void Add(struct addBooks *abs){      //封装添加联系人函数 利用指针传递 可以改变实参 
    cout << "name: "; string name; cin >> name;                abs->Array[abs->Size].Name = name;
    cout << "sex(1--男 or 2--女): "; int sex;    
    while(1){    //若输入除了男和女别的数 则重新输入 
        cin >> sex;
        if(sex == 1 or sex == 2){
            abs->Array[abs->Size].Sex = sex;break;        
        }else{
            cout << "Please enter again! (1--man or 2--woman):\n";
        }
    }
    cout << "age: "; int age; cin >> age;                    abs->Array[abs->Size].Age = age;
    cout << "phone: "; string phone; cin >> phone;            abs->Array[abs->Size].Phone = phone;
    cout << "address: "; string address; cin >> address;    abs->Array[abs->Size].Address = address;
    cout << "Add successfully!\n";                            abs->Size++;    //每添加成功一次Size++
    system("pause");    system("cls"); 
}

// 完成以上操作再main函数中调用此函数

4.显示联系人函数

//封装一个显示联系人函数 
// 2_Show
void Show(addBooks * abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    for(int i = 0;i < abs->Size;i++){
            cout << "name:" << abs->Array[i].Name << "\t";
            cout << "sex:" << (abs->Array[i].Sex == 1 ? "男":"女") << "\t";
            cout << "age:" << abs->Array[i].Age << "\t"; 
            cout << "phone:" << abs->Array[i].Phone << "\t";
            cout << "address:" << abs->Array[i].Address << endl;
    }system("pause");system("cls");        //显示完清个屏
    
}

5.创建寻找联系人函数

// 寻找联系人函数
int isExist(addBooks *abs,string name){
    for(int i = 0;i < abs->Size;i++){
        if(abs->Array[i].Name == name){
            return i;        //返回数组的下标值 
        } 
    }return -1;        //若没找到返-1 
}

6.删除和查找联系人

//封装删除联系人函数

// 3_Delete
void Del(addBooks *abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    cout << "Please enter name of contact you want to delete: "; string name; cin >> name;
    int ret = isExist(abs,name);    //ret存储返回值   因为del函数形参已经有指针指向abs了 所以这里不需&
    if(ret != -1){        //说明找到了
        for(int i = ret;i < abs->Size;i++){
            abs->Array[i] = abs->Array[i+1];        //后一个值赋给前一个值 
        }abs->Size--;    //删除后Size--;
        cout << "Delete successfully!\n";    
    }else{
        cout << "No one has been found.\n";
    }system("pause");    system("cls"); 
}

//封装查找联系人函数

// 4_Find
void Find(addBooks * abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    cout << "please enter name of contact you want to looking for: ";    string name; cin >> name;
    int ret = isExist(abs,name);
    if(ret != -1){        //说明找到了
        cout << "name:" << abs->Array[ret].Name << "\t";
        cout << "sex:" << abs->Array[ret].Sex << "\t";
        cout << "age:" << abs->Array[ret].Age << "\t";
        cout << "phone:" << abs->Array[ret].Phone << "\t";
        cout << "address:" << abs->Array[ret].Address  << endl;
    }else{
        cout << "No one has been found.\n";
    }system("pause");    system("cls");
}

7.修改联系人

// 5_Modify
void Modify(addBooks * abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    cout << "Please enter the name of the contact you want to modifying: "; string name; cin >> name;
    int ret = isExist(abs,name);
    if(ret != -1){        //说明找到了 
        cout << "This is the contact you will modify:\n";
        cout << "name:" << abs->Array[ret].Name << "\t";
        cout << "sex:" << abs->Array[ret].Sex << "\t";
        cout << "age:" << abs->Array[ret].Age << "\t";
        cout << "phone:" << abs->Array[ret].Phone << "\t";
        cout << "address:" << abs->Array[ret].Address << endl;
        cout << "\nModify(1) or exit(else)?\n";        char reply;/*记住用户的选择*/     cin >> reply;
        if(reply == '1'){
            cout << "name: ";    string name; cin >> name;                      abs->Array[ret].Name = name;
            cout << "sex(1--男 or 2--女): ";    int sex; cin >> sex;         abs->Array[ret].Sex = sex;
            cout << "age: ";    int age; cin >> age;                        abs->Array[ret].Age = age; 
            cout << "phone: ";    string phone; cin >> phone;                    abs->Array[ret].Phone = phone;
            cout << "address: "; string address; cin >> address;            abs->Array[ret].Address = address;
            cout << "Modify successfully!\n";
        }else{
            cout << "Have quit.\n";
        }

    }else{    
        cout << "No one has been found.\n";
    }system("pause");     system("cls");
}

8.清空联系人

// 6_Clear address
void Clear(addBooks * abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    cout << "Are you sure about clearing?\n";
    cout << "Yes(Y/y) or No(N/n)\n";        char reply;        cin >> reply;
    if(reply == 'y' or reply == 'Y'){
        abs->Size = 0;    cout << "Clear successfully!\n";
    }else{
        cout << "Have quit.\n";
    }system("pause");    system("cls");
}

9.源码

#include"iostream"
using namespace std;
#define MAX 1000        //宏定义MAX方便后期维护 
void show_menu(){        //Show menu list
    cout << "1--Add a contact\n";
    cout << "2--Show contacts\n";
    cout << "3--Delete a contact\n";
    cout << "4--Find a contact\n";
    cout << "5--Modifying a contact\n";
    cout << "6--Clear addres books\n";
    cout << "0--Exit address books\n";
} 

struct person{        //create contact strusture
    string Name;
    int Sex;
    int Age;
    string Phone;
    string Address;
};

struct addBooks{        //create address books structure
    person Array[MAX];        
    int Size;        //Record the current number
};
// 寻找联系人函数
int isExist(addBooks *abs,string name){
    for(int i = 0;i < abs->Size;i++){
        if(abs->Array[i].Name == name){
            
            return i;        //返回数组的下标值 
        } 
    }return -1;        //若没找到返-1 
} 
// 1_Add
void Add(struct addBooks *abs){
    cout << "name: "; string name; cin >> name;                abs->Array[abs->Size].Name = name;
    cout << "sex(1--男 or 2--女): "; int sex;    
    while(1){    //若输入除了男和女别的数 则重新输入 
        cin >> sex;
        if(sex == 1 or sex == 2){
            abs->Array[abs->Size].Sex = sex;break;        
        }else{
            cout << "Please enter again! (1--man or 2--woman):\n";
        }
    }
    cout << "age: "; int age; cin >> age;                    abs->Array[abs->Size].Age = age;
    cout << "phone: "; string phone; cin >> phone;            abs->Array[abs->Size].Phone = phone;
    cout << "address: "; string address; cin >> address;    abs->Array[abs->Size].Address = address;
    cout << "Add successfully!\n";                            abs->Size++;    //每添加成功一次Size++
    system("pause");    system("cls"); 
}
// 2_Show
void Show(addBooks * abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    for(int i = 0;i < abs->Size;i++){
            cout << "name:" << abs->Array[i].Name << "\t";
            cout << "sex:" << (abs->Array[i].Sex == 1 ? "男":"女") << "\t";
            cout << "age:" << abs->Array[i].Age << "\t"; 
            cout << "phone:" << abs->Array[i].Phone << "\t";
            cout << "address:" << abs->Array[i].Address << endl;
    }system("pause");system("cls");
    
} 
// 3_Delete
void Del(addBooks *abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    cout << "Please enter name of contact you want to delete: "; string name; cin >> name;
    int ret = isExist(abs,name);    //ret存储返回值
    if(ret != -1){        //说明找到了
        for(int i = ret;i < abs->Size;i++){
            abs->Array[i] = abs->Array[i+1];        //后一个值赋给前一个值 
        }abs->Size--;    //删除后Size--;
        cout << "Delete successfully!\n";    
    }else{
        cout << "No one has been found.\n";
    }system("pause");    system("cls"); 
}
// 4_Find
void Find(addBooks * abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    cout << "please enter name of contact you want to looking for: ";    string name; cin >> name;
    int ret = isExist(abs,name);
    if(ret != -1){        //说明找到了
        cout << "name:" << abs->Array[ret].Name << "\t";
        cout << "sex:" << abs->Array[ret].Sex << "\t";
        cout << "age:" << abs->Array[ret].Age << "\t";
        cout << "phone:" << abs->Array[ret].Phone << "\t";
        cout << "address:" << abs->Array[ret].Address  << endl;
    }else{
        cout << "No one has been found.\n";
    }system("pause");    system("cls");
}
// 5_Modify
void Modify(addBooks * abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    cout << "Please enter the name of the contact you want to modifying: "; string name; cin >> name;
    int ret = isExist(abs,name);
    if(ret != -1){        //说明找到了 
        cout << "This is the contact you will modify:\n";
        cout << "name:" << abs->Array[ret].Name << "\t";
        cout << "sex:" << (abs->Array[ret].Sex == 1 ? "男":"女" )<< "\t";
        cout << "age:" << abs->Array[ret].Age << "\t";
        cout << "phone:" << abs->Array[ret].Phone << "\t";
        cout << "address:" << abs->Array[ret].Address << endl;
        cout << "\nModify(1) or exit(else)?\n";        char reply;/*记住用户的选择*/     cin >> reply;
        if(reply == '1'){
            cout << "name: ";    string name; cin >> name;                      abs->Array[ret].Name = name;
            cout << "sex(1--男 or 2--女): ";    int sex; cin >> sex;         abs->Array[ret].Sex = sex;
            cout << "age: ";    int age; cin >> age;                        abs->Array[ret].Age = age; 
            cout << "phone: ";    string phone; cin >> phone;                    abs->Array[ret].Phone = phone;
            cout << "address: "; string address; cin >> address;            abs->Array[ret].Address = address;
            cout << "Modify successfully!\n";
        }else{
            cout << "Have quit.\n";
        }

    }else{    
        cout << "No one has been found.\n";
    }system("pause");     system("cls");
}
// 6_Clear address books
void Clear(addBooks * abs){
    if(abs->Size == 0){        //作个判断 若没有联系人则返回
        cout << "The current record is empty!\n";    system("pause");system("cls");
        return; 
    }
    cout << "Are you sure about clearing?\n";
    cout << "Yes(Y/y) or No(N/n)\n";        char reply;        cin >> reply;
    if(reply == 'y' or reply == 'Y'){
        abs->Size = 0;    cout << "Clear successfully!\n";
    }else{
        cout << "Have quit.\n";
    }system("pause");    system("cls");
}
int main(void){
    addBooks abs;        //用指针记录addBooks的结构变量    指针传递利于改变实参 
    abs.Size = 0;        //最初通讯录人数为0
    int select = 0;        //Record the user 's selection

a:
    show_menu();    cout << endl; 
    cin >> select;    cout << endl;
    if(select == 1){            //Add
        Add(&abs);
    }else if(select == 2){        //Show
        Show(&abs);
    }else if(select == 3){        //Delete
        Del(&abs);
    }else if(select == 4){        //Find
        Find(&abs);
    }else if(select == 5){        //Modify
        Modify(&abs);
    }else if(select == 6){        //Clear
        Clear(&abs);
    }else if(select == 0){        //Exit
        cout << "Have quit.\n";system("pause");return 0;
    }else{
        cout << "Input error! Please enter again.\n";
    }
    
    goto a;
    
    
    
    return 0;
}

若以上代码或说明存在错误的地方,欢迎同学们指正,共同进步,谢谢大家!