文章目录
SpringSecurity
简介
SpringSecurity是一个安全管理框架,功能丰富,一般的大型项目都用SpringSecurity做安全框架。
一般的项目都要有认证和授权两个功能
认证:校验当前用户是否为本系统用户以及是哪个用户
授权:认证后检测用户权限,验证用户是否有权限进行某种操作
认证和授权是SpringSecurity作为安全框架的核心功能
完整项目
项目实战
快速入门
搭建SpringBoot工程,设置pom依赖
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.0</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
启动类
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import sun.misc.Unsafe;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(value = "com.itcast.springsecurity.Mapper")
public class SpringSecurityApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringSecurityApplication.class, args);
}
}
Controller层
@RestController
public class SecurityController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello()
{
return "hello";
}
因为引入了SpringSecurity依赖,我们去访问localhost:8080/hello时会被被过滤器拦截,跳转到SpringSecurity的默认登陆页,默认用户为user,控制台会输出密码。
再yml配置文件中也可以自己配置密码
认证
认证流程:
SpringSecurity内部实现流程
SpringSecurity的实质就是一个过滤器链,它的内部有着各种功能的过滤器。
这是Spring Security的几个核心过滤器,并不是全部
认证和授权是SpringSecurity作为安全框架的核心功能。
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter:负责处理我们在登陆页面填写了用户名密码后的登陆请求。入门案例的认证工作主要有它负责。
ExceptionTranslationFilter:处理过滤器链中抛出的任何AccessDeniedException和AuthenticationException 。
FilterSecurityInterceptor:负责权限校验的过滤器。
Authentication接口: 它的实现类,表示当前访问系统的用户,封装了用户相关信息。
AuthenticationManager接口:定义了认证Authentication的方法
UserDetailsService接口:加载用户特定数据的核心接口。里面定义了一个根据用户名查询用户信息的方法。
UserDetails接口:提供核心用户信息。通过UserDetailsService根据用户名获取处理的用户信息要封装成UserDetails对象返回。然后将这些信息封装到Authentication对象中。
登陆校验
准备工作
pom依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.0</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.it</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring-Security</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Spring-Security</name>
<description>Spring-Security</description>
<properties>
<java.version>8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.48.sec10</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.4.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.30</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<image>
<builder>paketobuildpacks/builder-jammy-base:latest</builder>
</image>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.6.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>8</source>
<target>8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Redis初始配置
import com.itcast.springsecurity.uitils.FastJsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
@SuppressWarnings(value = { "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory)
{
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
FastJsonRedisSerializer serializer = new FastJsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
// 使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setValueSerializer(serializer);
// Hash的key也采用StringRedisSerializer的序列化方式
template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashValueSerializer(serializer);
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
}
配置Redis使用FastJson序列化
package com.itcast.springsecurity.uitils;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.type.TypeFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.SerializationException;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.ParserConfig;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
/**
* Redis使用FastJson序列化
*
* @author sg
*/
public class FastJsonRedisSerializer<T> implements RedisSerializer<T>
{
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
private Class<T> clazz;
static
{
ParserConfig.getGlobalInstance().setAutoTypeSupport(true);
}
public FastJsonRedisSerializer(Class<T> clazz)
{
super();
this.clazz = clazz;
}
@Override
public byte[] serialize(T t) throws SerializationException
{
if (t == null)
{
return new byte[0];
}
return JSON.toJSONString(t, SerializerFeature.WriteClassName).getBytes(DEFAULT_CHARSET);
}
@Override
public T deserialize(byte[] bytes) throws SerializationException
{
if (bytes == null || bytes.length <= 0)
{
return null;
}
String str = new String(bytes, DEFAULT_CHARSET);
return JSON.parseObject(str, clazz);
}
protected JavaType getJavaType(Class<?> clazz)
{
return TypeFactory.defaultInstance().constructType(clazz);
}
}
配置统一响应类
package com.itcast.springsecurity.domain;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
public class ResponseResult<T> {
/**
* 状态码
*/
private Integer code;
/**
* 提示信息,如果有错误时,前端可以获取该字段进行提示
*/
private String msg;
/**
* 查询到的结果数据,
*/
private T data;
public ResponseResult(Integer code, String msg) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
}
public ResponseResult(Integer code, T data) {
this.code = code;
this.data = data;
}
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
public ResponseResult(Integer code, String msg, T data) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
this.data = data;
}
}
Jwt工具类
package com.itcast.springsecurity.uitils;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtBuilder;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* JWT工具类
*/
public class JwtUtil {
//有效期为
public static final Long JWT_TTL = 60 * 60 *1000L;// 60 * 60 *1000 一个小时
//设置秘钥明文
public static final String JWT_KEY = "sangeng";
public static String getUUID(){
String token = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
return token;
}
/**
* 生成jtw
* @param subject token中要存放的数据(json格式)
* @return
*/
public static String createJWT(String subject) {
JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, null, getUUID());// 设置过期时间
return builder.compact();
}
/**
* 生成jtw
* @param subject token中要存放的数据(json格式)
* @param ttlMillis token超时时间
* @return
*/
public static String createJWT(String subject, Long ttlMillis) {
JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, ttlMillis, getUUID());// 设置过期时间
return builder.compact();
}
private static JwtBuilder getJwtBuilder(String subject, Long ttlMillis, String uuid) {
SignatureAlgorithm signatureAlgorithm = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256;
SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();
long nowMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
Date now = new Date(nowMillis);
if(ttlMillis==null){
ttlMillis=JwtUtil.JWT_TTL;
}
long expMillis = nowMillis + ttlMillis;
Date expDate = new Date(expMillis);
return Jwts.builder()
.setId(uuid) //唯一的ID
.setSubject(subject) // 主题 可以是JSON数据
.setIssuer("sg") // 签发者
.setIssuedAt(now) // 签发时间
.signWith(signatureAlgorithm, secretKey) //使用HS256对称加密算法签名, 第二个参数为秘钥
.setExpiration(expDate);
}
/**
* 创建token
* @param id
* @param subject
* @param ttlMillis
* @return
*/
public static String createJWT(String id, String subject, Long ttlMillis) {
JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, ttlMillis, id);// 设置过期时间
return builder.compact();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String token = "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiJiZGQ2ZmZkNmYwMjE0NmU3YTNkMDAyMGMzNWEzNWRkNiIsInN1YiI6IjIiLCJpc3MiOiJzZyIsImlhdCI6MTcwMDY0NjEwOSwiZXhwIjoxNzAwNjQ5NzA5fQ.GuWo-Cos_JNZM0CdVlX_xF6c7SkKMKnWhmDWvYcS3fc";
Claims claims = parseJWT(token);
System.out.println(claims);
System.out.println(claims.getSubject());
}
/**
* 生成加密后的秘钥 secretKey
* @return
*/
public static SecretKey generalKey() {
byte[] encodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(JwtUtil.JWT_KEY);
SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "AES");
return key;
}
/**
* 解析
*
* @param jwt
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static Claims parseJWT(String jwt) throws Exception {
SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();
return Jwts.parser()
.setSigningKey(secretKey)
.parseClaimsJws(jwt)
.getBody();
}
}
Redis缓存工具类
package com.itcast.springsecurity.uitils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.BoundSetOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.HashOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@SuppressWarnings(value = { "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
@Component
public class RedisCache
{
@Autowired
public RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
/**
* 缓存基本的对象,Integer、String、实体类等
*
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @param value 缓存的值
*/
public <T> void setCacheObject(final String key, final T value)
{
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
}
/**
* 缓存基本的对象,Integer、String、实体类等
*
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @param value 缓存的值
* @param timeout 时间
* @param timeUnit 时间颗粒度
*/
public <T> void setCacheObject(final String key, final T value, final Integer timeout, final TimeUnit timeUnit)
{
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, timeout, timeUnit);
}
/**
* 设置有效时间
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param timeout 超时时间
* @return true=设置成功;false=设置失败
*/
public boolean expire(final String key, final long timeout)
{
return expire(key, timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
/**
* 设置有效时间
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param timeout 超时时间
* @param unit 时间单位
* @return true=设置成功;false=设置失败
*/
public boolean expire(final String key, final long timeout, final TimeUnit unit)
{
return redisTemplate.expire(key, timeout, unit);
}
/**
* 获得缓存的基本对象。
*
* @param key 缓存键值
* @return 缓存键值对应的数据
*/
public <T> T getCacheObject(final String key)
{
ValueOperations<String, T> operation = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
return operation.get(key);
}
/**
* 删除单个对象
*
* @param key
*/
public boolean deleteObject(final String key)
{
return redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
/**
* 删除集合对象
*
* @param collection 多个对象
* @return
*/
public long deleteObject(final Collection collection)
{
return redisTemplate.delete(collection);
}
/**
* 缓存List数据
*
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @param dataList 待缓存的List数据
* @return 缓存的对象
*/
public <T> long setCacheList(final String key, final List<T> dataList)
{
Long count = redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, dataList);
return count == null ? 0 : count;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的list对象
*
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @return 缓存键值对应的数据
*/
public <T> List<T> getCacheList(final String key)
{
return redisTemplate.opsForList().range(key, 0, -1);
}
/**
* 缓存Set
*
* @param key 缓存键值
* @param dataSet 缓存的数据
* @return 缓存数据的对象
*/
public <T> BoundSetOperations<String, T> setCacheSet(final String key, final Set<T> dataSet)
{
BoundSetOperations<String, T> setOperation = redisTemplate.boundSetOps(key);
Iterator<T> it = dataSet.iterator();
while (it.hasNext())
{
setOperation.add(it.next());
}
return setOperation;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的set
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public <T> Set<T> getCacheSet(final String key)
{
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().members(key);
}
/**
* 缓存Map
*
* @param key
* @param dataMap
*/
public <T> void setCacheMap(final String key, final Map<String, T> dataMap)
{
if (dataMap != null) {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, dataMap);
}
}
/**
* 获得缓存的Map
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public <T> Map<String, T> getCacheMap(final String key)
{
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
}
/**
* 往Hash中存入数据
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param hKey Hash键
* @param value 值
*/
public <T> void setCacheMapValue(final String key, final String hKey, final T value)
{
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, hKey, value);
}
/**
* 获取Hash中的数据
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param hKey Hash键
* @return Hash中的对象
*/
public <T> T getCacheMapValue(final String key, final String hKey)
{
HashOperations<String, String, T> opsForHash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return opsForHash.get(key, hKey);
}
/**
* 删除Hash中的数据
*
* @param key
* @param hkey
*/
public void delCacheMapValue(final String key, final String hkey)
{
HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hashOperations.delete(key, hkey);
}
/**
* 获取多个Hash中的数据
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param hKeys Hash键集合
* @return Hash对象集合
*/
public <T> List<T> getMultiCacheMapValue(final String key, final Collection<Object> hKeys)
{
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().multiGet(key, hKeys);
}
/**
* 获得缓存的基本对象列表
*
* @param pattern 字符串前缀
* @return 对象列表
*/
public Collection<String> keys(final String pattern)
{
return redisTemplate.keys(pattern);
}
}
WebUtils
package com.itcast.springsecurity.uitils;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
public class WebUtils
{
/**
* 将字符串渲染到客户端
*
* @param response 渲染对象
* @param string 待渲染的字符串
* @return null
*/
public static String renderString(HttpServletResponse response, String string) {
try
{
response.setStatus(200);
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.getWriter().print(string);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
用户表(User)实体类
package com.itcast.springsecurity.domain;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 用户表(User)实体类
*
*/
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@TableName(value = "sys_user")
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -40356785423868312L;
/**
* 主键
*/
@TableId
private Long id;
/**
* 用户名
*/
private String userName;
/**
* 昵称
*/
private String nickName;
/**
* 密码
*/
private String password;
/**
* 账号状态(0正常 1停用)
*/
private String status;
/**
* 邮箱
*/
private String email;
/**
* 手机号
*/
private String phonenumber;
/**
* 用户性别(0男,1女,2未知)
*/
private String sex;
/**
* 头像
*/
private String avatar;
/**
* 用户类型(0管理员,1普通用户)
*/
private String userType;
/**
* 创建人的用户id
*/
private Long createBy;
/**
* 创建时间
*/
private Date createTime;
/**
* 更新人
*/
private Long updateBy;
/**
* 更新时间
*/
private Date updateTime;
/**
* 删除标志(0代表未删除,1代表已删除)
*/
private Integer delFlag;
}
数据库建表
CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
`id` BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
`user_name` VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '用户名',
`nick_name` VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '昵称',
`password` VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '密码',
`status` CHAR(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '账号状态(0正常 1停用)',
`email` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
`phonenumber` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号',
`sex` CHAR(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户性别(0男,1女,2未知)',
`avatar` VARCHAR(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '头像',
`user_type` CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '用户类型(0管理员,1普通用户)',
`create_by` BIGINT(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建人的用户id',
`create_time` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
`update_by` BIGINT(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新人',
`update_time` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
`del_flag` INT(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '删除标志(0代表未删除,1代表已删除)',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户表'
mysql和redis数据库配置以及Web端口设置
server:
port: 8082
spring:
security:
user:
name: admin
password: admin
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01?characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
username: root
password: *******
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
redis:
database: 0
host: 192.168.160.131
port: 6379
mybatis-plus:
configuration:
map-underscore-to-camel-case: on
定义Mapper接口
package com.itcast.springsecurity.Mapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.itcast.springsecurity.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> {
}
自定义登录接口
调用ProviderManager的方法进行认证 如果认证通过生成jwt,把用户信息存入redis中,自定义UserDetailsService,在这个实现类中去查询数据库。
创建UserDetailServiceImpl类实现UserDetailsService接口,zhuruUserMapper,重写接口中的方法
@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
//根据用户名查询用户信息
LambdaQueryWrapper<User> wrapper = new LambdaQueryWrapper<>();
wrapper.eq(User::getUserName,username);
User user = userMapper.selectOne(wrapper);
//如果查询不到数据就通过抛出异常来给出提示
if(Objects.isNull(user)){
throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码错误");
}
//TODO 根据用户查询权限信息 添加到LoginUser中
//封装成UserDetails对象返回
return new LoginUser(user);
}
}
定义实体类LoginUser实现UserDetails接口,从而能用LoginUser作为上述ServiceImpl方法的返回值
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class LoginUser implements UserDetails {
private User user;
@Override
public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
return null;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return user.getPassword();
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return user.getUserName();
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return true;
}
}
测试时需要在数据库密码字段上加{noop}表示明文存储
登录接口
自定义登录接口,并让用户访问接口时不被SpringSecurity默认登陆界面拦截,并将AuthenticationManager作为bean方便登陆接口使用时注入。
@RestController
public class LoginController {
@Autowired
private LoginServcie loginServcie;
@PostMapping("/user/login")
public ResponseResult login(@RequestBody User user){
return loginServcie.login(user);
}
}
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
//关闭csrf
.csrf().disable()
//不通过Session获取SecurityContext
.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
// 对于登录接口 允许匿名访问
.antMatchers("/user/login").anonymous()
// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证
.anyRequest().authenticated();
}
@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
}
编写登陆Service及其实现类
public interface LoginService {
ResponseResult login(User user);
ResponseResult logout();
}
使用authenticationManager的authenticate方法认证需要传入authenticationToken,所以要先传入用户名密码,new一个UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
认证失败authenticate为空,成功后利用authenticate内的信息将用户信息存入redis,并生成jwt返回ResponseResult对象
登出则根据SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication()获取到当前已登录用户的信息,找到Id并根据Id删除该用户在Redis中的缓存即可
SecurityContextHolder与ThreadLocal相关,每次登录可看作一个线程,登陆成功就会把用户的数据存储到SecurityContextHolder中去
@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginServcie {
@Autowired
private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
@Autowired
private RedisCache redisCache;
@Override
public ResponseResult login(User user) {
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getUserName(),user.getPassword());
Authentication authenticate = authenticationManager.authenticate(authenticationToken);
if(Objects.isNull(authenticate)){
throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码错误");
}
//使用userid生成token
LoginUser loginUser = (LoginUser) authenticate.getPrincipal();
String userId = loginUser.getUser().getId().toString();
String jwt = JwtUtil.createJWT(userId);
//authenticate存入redis
redisCache.setCacheObject("login:"+userId,loginUser);
//把token响应给前端
HashMap<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("token",jwt);
return new ResponseResult(200,"登陆成功",map);
}
@Override
public ResponseResult logout() {
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = (UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken)SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
LoginUser loginUser=(LoginUser) authentication.getPrincipal();
Long id = loginUser.getUser().getId();
redisCache.deleteObject("login:"+id);
return new ResponseResult(200,"注销成功");
}
}
定义Jwt认证过滤器
获取token解析token获取其中的userid,从redis中获取用户信息,存入SecurityContextHolder。
@Component
public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Autowired
private RedisCache redisCache;
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取token
String token = request.getHeader("token");
if (!StringUtils.hasText(token)) {
//放行
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
return;
}
//解析token
String userid;
try {
Claims claims = JwtUtil.parseJWT(token);
userid = claims.getSubject();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException("token非法");
}
//从redis中获取用户信息
String redisKey = "login:" + userid;
LoginUser loginUser = redisCache.getCacheObject(redisKey);
if(Objects.isNull(loginUser)){
throw new RuntimeException("用户未登录");
}
//存入SecurityContextHolder
//TODO 获取权限信息封装到Authentication中
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken =
new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(loginUser,null,null);
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authenticationToken);
//放行
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
在SecurityConfig配置文件中把token校验过滤器添加到过滤器链中
@Autowired
JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
授权
不同的用户可以使用不同的功能。这就是权限系统要去实现的效果。
基本流程
在SpringSecurity中,会使用默认的FilterSecurityInterceptor来进行权限校验。在FilterSecurityInterceptor中会从SecurityContextHolder获取其中的Authentication,然后获取其中的权限信息。当前用户是否拥有访问当前资源所需的权限。
所以我们在项目中只需要把当前登录用户的权限信息也存入Authentication。
然后设置我们的资源所需要的权限即可。
SpringSecurity为我们提供了基于注解的权限控制方案,这也是我们项目中主要采用的方式。我们可以使用注解去指定访问对应的资源所需的权限。
开启相关配置
然后接可以使用相关注解了:
hasAnyAuthority:有其中任意一个权限即可
hasAnyRole:有其中任意一个角色
hasAuthority:有该权限
封装权限信息
UserDetails的实现类LoginUser,想要让其能封装权限信息就要对其进行修改。
package com.itcast.springsecurity.domain;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class LoginUser implements UserDetails {
private User user;
public LoginUser(User user, List<String> permission) {
this.user = user;
this.permission = permission;
}
//存储SpringSecurity所需要的权限集合,
// SimpleGrantedAuthority时SpringSecurity的,
// 所以不能将他序列化存入redis
//只需存入permission即可
@JSONField(serialize = false)
private List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities;
//封装权限信息
private List<String> permission;
//把permissions中字符串类型的权限信息转换成GrantedAuthority对象
// 存入authorities中
@Override
public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
if(authorities!=null)
{
return authorities;
}
//把permission中string类型的权限信息封装成权限类对象
authorities=permission.stream().
map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new).
collect(Collectors.toList());
return authorities;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return user.getPassword();
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return user.getUserName();
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return true;
}
}
修改LoginUser后需要在UserDetailsServiceImpl中把权限信息封装到LoginUser中去,这里先写死。
package com.itcast.springsecurity.Service;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.LambdaQueryWrapper;
import com.itcast.springsecurity.Mapper.MenuMapper;
import com.itcast.springsecurity.Mapper.UserMapper;
import com.itcast.springsecurity.domain.LoginUser;
import com.itcast.springsecurity.domain.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.*;
/**
*
*/
@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Autowired
private MenuMapper menuMapper;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
//根据用户名查询用户信息
LambdaQueryWrapper<User> wrapper =new LambdaQueryWrapper<>();
wrapper.eq(User::getUserName,username);
User user=userMapper.selectOne(wrapper);
//查询不到抛异常提示
if(Objects.isNull(user))
{
throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码错误");
}
List<String> list=new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("test","admin"));
// List<String> list = menuMapper.selectPermsByUserId(user.getId());
return new LoginUser(user,list);
}
}
实际开发中并不把权限写死,使用RABC权限模型。
RABC权限模型
RBAC权限模型(Role-Based Access Control)即:基于角色的权限控制。这是目前最常被开发者使用也是相对易用、通用权限模型。
准备工作
建立上述图中表
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/`sg_security` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 */;
USE `sg_security`;
/*Table structure for table `sys_menu` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_menu`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_menu` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`menu_name` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '菜单名',
`path` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '路由地址',
`component` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '组件路径',
`visible` char(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '菜单状态(0显示 1隐藏)',
`status` char(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '菜单状态(0正常 1停用)',
`perms` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限标识',
`icon` varchar(100) DEFAULT '#' COMMENT '菜单图标',
`create_by` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`update_by` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`del_flag` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否删除(0未删除 1已删除)',
`remark` varchar(500) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='菜单表';
/*Table structure for table `sys_role` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
`role_key` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色权限字符串',
`status` char(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '角色状态(0正常 1停用)',
`del_flag` int(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'del_flag',
`create_by` bigint(200) DEFAULT NULL,
`create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`update_by` bigint(200) DEFAULT NULL,
`update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`remark` varchar(500) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='角色表';
/*Table structure for table `sys_role_menu` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role_menu`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role_menu` (
`role_id` bigint(200) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '角色ID',
`menu_id` bigint(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '菜单id',
PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`,`menu_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Table structure for table `sys_user` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
`user_name` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '用户名',
`nick_name` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '昵称',
`password` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '密码',
`status` char(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '账号状态(0正常 1停用)',
`email` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
`phonenumber` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号',
`sex` char(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户性别(0男,1女,2未知)',
`avatar` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '头像',
`user_type` char(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '用户类型(0管理员,1普通用户)',
`create_by` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建人的用户id',
`create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
`update_by` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新人',
`update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
`del_flag` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '删除标志(0代表未删除,1代表已删除)',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户表';
/*Table structure for table `sys_user_role` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role` (
`user_id` bigint(200) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户id',
`role_id` bigint(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '角色id',
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`role_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
编写联查权限的sql语句
SELECT
DISTINCT m.`perms`
FROM
sys_user_role ur
LEFT JOIN `sys_role` r ON ur.`role_id` = r.`id`
LEFT JOIN `sys_role_menu` rm ON ur.`role_id` = rm.`role_id`
LEFT JOIN `sys_menu` m ON m.`id` = rm.`menu_id`
WHERE
user_id = 2
AND r.`status` = 0
AND m.`status` = 0
根据用户的id进行多表联查,通过公共字段消去笛卡尔积,查询sys_role和sys_menu的状态都为0(正常)的id为2的用户的权限。(在xml中改为动态sql即可)
编写java中的实体类Menu
并不需要编写user_role,role_menu,role表对应的实体类,查询是在数据库中实现的逻辑关系,代码中只表现为用户和权限。
package com.sangeng.domain;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 菜单表(Menu)实体类
*
* @author makejava
* @since 2021-11-24 15:30:08
*/
@TableName(value="sys_menu")
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
public class Menu implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -54979041104113736L;
@TableId
private Long id;
/**
* 菜单名
*/
private String menuName;
/**
* 路由地址
*/
private String path;
/**
* 组件路径
*/
private String component;
/**
* 菜单状态(0显示 1隐藏)
*/
private String visible;
/**
* 菜单状态(0正常 1停用)
*/
private String status;
/**
* 权限标识
*/
private String perms;
/**
* 菜单图标
*/
private String icon;
private Long createBy;
private Date createTime;
private Long updateBy;
private Date updateTime;
/**
* 是否删除(0未删除 1已删除)
*/
private Integer delFlag;
/**
* 备注
*/
private String remark;
}
定义MenuMapper提供一个根据userid查询用户权限的方法,并编写其映射MenuMapper.xml文件中的动态查询sql
public interface MenuMapper extends BaseMapper<Menu> {
List<String> selectPermsByUserId(Long userid);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.itcast.springsecurity.Mapper.MenuMapper">
<select id="selectPermsByUserId" resultType="java.lang.String" parameterType="java.lang.Long">
select m.perms
from sys_user_role ur
left join sys_role r on ur.role_id=r.id
left join sys_role_menu rm on rm.role_id=ur.role_id
left join sys_menu m on m.id=rm.menu_id
where ur.user_id=#{userid}
and
r.status=0
and m.status=0;
</select>
</mapper>
把之前在UserDetailsServiceImpl写死的权限信息改为动态查询的权限信息
以上便实现了权限管理
其他
自定义失败处理
在SpringSecurity中,认证或者授权的中出现异常会被ExceptionTranslationFilter捕获。在ExceptionTranslationFilter去判断是认证失败还是授权失败出现的异常。
认证失败:
被封装成AuthenticationException然后调用AuthenticationEntryPoint对象的方法去进行异常处理。
授权失败:
被封装成AccessDeniedException然后调用AccessDeniedHandler对象的方法去进行异常处理。
自定义异常处理器只需自定义类去实现Authentication EntryPoint和Access DeniedHandler接口然后配置给SpringSecurity即可。
自定义认证失败处理器
@Component
public class AuthenticationEntryPointImpl implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
ResponseResult responseResult=new ResponseResult(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value(),"用户认证失败,请重新登录");
String jsonString = JSON.toJSONString(responseResult);
//处理认证异常
WebUtils.renderString(httpServletResponse,jsonString);
}
}
自定义授权失败处理器
@Component
public class AccessDeniedHandlerImpl implements AccessDeniedHandler {
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
ResponseResult responseResult=new ResponseResult(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN.value(),"您的权限不足");
String jsonString = JSON.toJSONString(responseResult);
//处理认证异常
WebUtils.renderString(httpServletResponse,jsonString);
}
}
在SecurityConfig配置文件中注入处理器并用HTTP中的方法配置即可
注入
配置
跨域
览器出于安全的考虑,使用 XMLHttpRequest对象发起 HTTP请求时必须遵守同源策略,否则就是跨域的HTTP请求,默认情况下是被禁止的。 同源策略要求源相同才能正常进行通信,即协议、域名、端口号都完全一致。
前后端分离项目,前端项目和后端项目一般都不是同源的,所以肯定会存在跨域请求的问题。
所以我们就要处理一下,让前端能进行跨域请求。
SpringBoot跨域配置运行跨域请求
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
// 设置允许跨域的路径
registry.addMapping("/**")
// 设置允许跨域请求的域名
.allowedOriginPatterns("*")
// 是否允许cookie
.allowCredentials(true)
// 设置允许的请求方式
.allowedMethods("GET", "POST", "DELETE", "PUT")
// 设置允许的header属性
.allowedHeaders("*")
// 跨域允许时间
.maxAge(3600);
}
}
SpringSecurity跨域运行跨域请求
自定义权限校验方法
自己定义一个类,在类中编写返回值为boolean类型的权限校验方法,然后在类上加上@compant注解,配置标识参数ex,在@preAuthority注解中用@表示参数(ex).方法名即可。
基于配置的权限控制
在配置类中使用使用配置的方式对资源进行权限控制
CSRF
CSRF是指跨站请求伪造(Cross-site request forgery),是web常见的攻击之一。
SpringSecurity去防止CSRF攻击的方式就是通过csrf_token。后端会生成一个csrf_token,前端发起请求的时候需要携带这个csrf_token,后端会有过滤器进行校验,如果没有携带或者是伪造的就不允许访问。
在前后端分离的项目中不用担心此问题。
认证处理器和登出处理器
登陆成功了是会调用Authentication SuccessHandler的方法进行认证成功后的处理的。AuthenticationSuccessHandler就是登录成功处理器。
自定义成功/失败处理器进行成功后的相应处理
认证成功处理器
@Component
public class SGSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("认证成功了");
}
}
认证失败处理器
@Component
public class SGFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("认证失败了");
}
}
登出成功处理器
@Component
public class SGLogoutSuccessHandler implements LogoutSuccessHandler {
@Override
public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("注销成功");
}
}
配置处理器
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private AuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler;
@Autowired
private AuthenticationFailureHandler failureHandler;
@Autowired
private LogoutSuccessHandler logoutSuccessHandler;
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.formLogin()
// 配置认证成功处理器
.successHandler(successHandler)
// 配置认证失败处理器
.failureHandler(failureHandler);
http.logout()
//配置注销成功处理器
.logoutSuccessHandler(logoutSuccessHandler);
http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated();
}
}