根据下列题目要求,完成实验
绘制 实验拓扑图
要求AS2网段总地址为172.16.0.0/16
有6条骨干+6个环回+6个用户网段:
172.16.0.0/24---------骨干
172.16.0.0/30(r2-r3)
172.16.0.4/30(r3-r4)
172.16.0.8/30(r4-r7)
172.16.0.12/30(r2-r5)
172.16.0.16/30(r5-r6)
172.16.0.20/30(r6-r7)
172.16.1.0/24-------环回
172.16.1.2/32(r2)
172.16.1.3/32(r3)
172.16.1.4/32(r4)
172.16.1.5/32(r5)
172.16.1.6/32(r6)
172.16.1.7/32(r7)
172.16.2.0/24----r2用户
172.16.3.0/24----r3用户
172.16.4.0/24----r4用户
172.16.5.0/24----r5用户
172.16.6.0/24----r6用户
172.16.7.0/24----r7用户
AS2划分分析:
1.所有骨干链路划分进入子网172.16.0.0/24,--/30--
2.所有用于建立邻居的IP写在环回地址0上,子网划分在172.16.1.0/24网段。--/32--
3.所有用于表示客户端的IP写在环回地址1上,子网划分在172.16.2.1~172.16.7.1/24网段。--/24--
实验具体步骤
1.R1/R8路由器ip配置
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname r1
[r1]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack1]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname r8
[r8]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 78.1.1.2 24
[r8]int l1
[r8-LoopBack1]ip add 8.8.8.8 24
2.R2-R7环回以及接口IP地址的配置
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname r2
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.1 30
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.9 30
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname r3
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.2 30
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.5 30
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname r4
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.6 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.21 30
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname r5
[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.13 30
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/02
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.10 30
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname r6
[r6]int g 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.14 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.17 30
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname r7
[r7]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.18 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.22 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.1.1.1 24
[r2]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.2 32
[r2-LoopBack0]int l1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
[r3]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.3 32
[r3-LoopBack0]int l1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[r4]int l0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.4 32
[r4-LoopBack0]int l1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[r5]int l0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.5 32
[r5-LoopBack0]int l1
[r5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.1 24
[r6]int l0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.6 32
[r6-LoopBack0]int l1
[r6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24
[r7]int l0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.7 32
[r7-LoopBack0]int l1
[r7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24
3.使用ospf宣告搭建AS2中的IBGP,并将客户环回接口改为broadcost
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r2-ospf-1]q
[r2]int l1
[r2-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r3-ospf-1]q
[r3]int l1
[r3-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r4-ospf-1]q
[r4]int l1
[r4-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r5-ospf-1]q
[r5]int l1
[r5-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r6-ospf-1]q
[r6]int l1
[r6-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r7-ospf-1]q
[r7]int l1
[r7-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
此时查看OSPF表建邻
R2
R7
从表中可以看出,ospf已经建邻成功
4.搭建BGP(BGP,联邦,反射器)
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
[r2]bgp 64513
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2 ---申明本地的大AS号
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512 ------告知本地直连的其他小AS号
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[r3]bgp 64513
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64513
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64513
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4]bgp 64513
[r4-bgp]con
[r4-bgp]confederation is
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]con
[r4-bgp]confederation pe
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r4-bgp]peer
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 next
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 next-hop-local
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 next
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 next-hop-local
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 gb
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebg
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r4-bgp][r4]bgp 64513
[r4-bgp]con
[r4-bgp]confederation is
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]con
[r4-bgp]confederation pe
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5]bgp 64531
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r6]bgp 64531
[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64512
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64512
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7]bgp 64531
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 next-hop-local
[r7-bgp]peer 78.1.1.2 as-number 3
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-bgp]peer 78.1.1.1 as-number 2
5.将R3作为反射器(RR),邻居R4作为客户端
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 reflect-client
6.将R6作为反射器(RR),邻居R7作为客户端
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 reflect-client
7.宣告AR1/AR8客户端
R1
[r1-bgp]network 1.1.1.0 24
R8
[r8-bgp]network 8.8.8.0 24
此时查看R1BGP路由表
查看R8BGP路由表
可以看出已经宣告成功
8.汇总客户端网段的路由器上配置空接口防止黑洞的产生
R2
[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r2]bgp 64532
[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21
R7
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r7]bgp 64531
[r7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21
可以看出,R1和R8的BGP路由表中已经存在汇总之后的网段172.16.0.0/21,并且全优
9.测试(这里以R1为例)
至此,实验成功