目录
配置springmvc-servlet.xml (配置适配器)
2)实现异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver
3)使用@ControllerAdvice + @ExceptionHandler
一、SpringMVC对JSON的支持
导入pom依赖
pom.xml
<!-- 用来springmvc支持JSON数据转换-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
配置springmvc-servlet.xml (配置适配器)
springmvc-servlet.xml
<!-- 支持JSON数据 返回的适配器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<!--处理中文乱码以及避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件-->
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>text/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
使用@ResponseBody
凡是需要返回JSON数据的都要使用@responseBody
JsonController.java
package com.maomao.ssm.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/clz/json")
public class JsonController {
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/clzEdit")
public String list(){
System.out.println("JsonController.clzEdit");
return "clzEdit";
}
}
使用@ResponseBody后返回的不再是界面,而是直接返回 字符串
在地址栏输入:localhost:8080/clz/json/clzEdit运行后得到的就是字符串
JOSN的各种场景
后台代码
ClazzMapper.xml
<select id="listMapPager" parameterType="java.util.Map" resultType="java.util.Map">
select
<include refid="Base_Column_List" />
from t_struts_class
<where>
<if test="cname !=null and cname!=''">
and cname like concat('%',#{cname},'%')
</if>
<if test="cid !=null and cid!=''">
and cid =#{cid}
</if>
</where>
</select>
JsonController.java
package com.maomao.ssm.controller;
import com.maomao.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
import com.maomao.ssm.model.Clazz;
import com.maomao.ssm.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/clz/json")
public class JsonController {
@Autowired
private ClazzBiz clazzBiz;
@RequestMapping("/clzEdit")
public String list(){
System.out.println("JsonController.clzEdit");
return "clzEdit";
}
// 返回List<T>
@RequestMapping("/list")
public List<Clazz> list(HttpServletRequest request,Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean);
}
// 返回List<Map>
@RequestMapping("/listMap")
public List<Map> listMap(HttpServletRequest request,Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz, pageBean);
}
//返回Map
@RequestMapping("/map")
public Map map(HttpServletRequest request,Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
}
// 返回T
@RequestMapping("/load")
public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
// http://localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=1
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean).get(0);
}
// 混合混合对象
@RequestMapping("/hunhe")
public Map hunhe(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz) {
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
List<Clazz> lst = this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean);
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("data",lst);
map.put("pageBean",pageBean);
return map;
}
}
前台代码
index,jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Administrator
Date: 2022/8/22
Time: 18:20
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>测试json数据返回</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>JSON</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/list">返回List<T></a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/listMap">返回List<Map></a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/load?cid=1">返回T</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/map?cid=1">返回Map</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/hunhe">返回混合</a><hr>
</body>
</html>
运行效果
二、SpringMVC 的全局异常处理
为什么要全局异常处理
我们知道,系统中异常包括:编译时异常和运行时异常RuntimeException,前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息,后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试通过手段减少运行时异常的发生。在开发中,不管是dao层、service层还是controller层,都有可能抛出异常,在springmvc中,能将所有类型的异常处理从各处理过程解耦出来,既保证了相关处理过程的功能较单一,也实现了异常信息的统一处理和维护。
异常处理思路
系统的dao、service、controller出现异常都通过throws Exception向上抛出,最后由springmvc前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理。springmvc提供全局异常处理器(一个系统只有一个异常处理器)进行统一异常处理。
SpringMVC异常分类
1)Spring MVC提供的简单异常处理器
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver
springmvc-servlet.xml
<!-- springmvc提供的简单异常处理器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<!-- 定义默认的异常处理页面 -->
<property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>
<!-- 定义异常处理页面用来获取异常信息的变量名,也可不定义,默认名为exception -->
<property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"/>
<!-- 定义需要特殊处理的异常,这是重要点 -->
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">error</prop>
</props>
<!-- 还可以定义其他的自定义异常 -->
</property>
</bean>
error.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Administrator
Date: 2022/8/23
Time: 20:10
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>错误信息页面</title>
</head>
<body>
${ex}
</body>
</html>
JsonControler.java
@RequestMapping("/list")
public List<Clazz> list(Clazz clazz, HttpServletRequest req){
PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(req);
if(true) {
throw new RuntimeException("查询班级的信息异常,异常处在于JsonController.list方法中");
}
List<Clazz> lst = this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean);
return lst;
}
ClazzBizImpl.java
@Override
public List<Map> MaplistPager(Clazz clazz,PageBean pageBean) {
if (true)
throw new RuntimeException("错误出现在 ClazzBizImpl.mapListPager...");
return clazzMapper.listMapPager(clazz);
}
2)实现异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver
自定义自己的异常处理器
先将上面SpringMVC中关于异常处理的配置取消掉
GlobalException.java
package com.maomao.ssm.exception;
public class GlobalException extends RuntimeException {
public GlobalException() {
}
public GlobalException(String message) {
super(message);
}
public GlobalException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}
public GlobalException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
}
public GlobalException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
}
}
异常处理器 GlobalExceptionHandler
package com.maomao.ssm.exception;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@Component
public class GlobalExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
Object o, Exception e) {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("error");
if (e instanceof GlobalException){
GlobalException globalException = (GlobalException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",globalException.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","全局异常,错误码501....");
}else if (e instanceof RuntimeException){
RuntimeException runtimeException = (RuntimeException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",runtimeException.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常,错误码601....");
}
return mv;
}
}
测试代码controller层
@RequestMapping("/load")
public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest req, Clazz clazz){
if(clazz.getCid() != null){
List<Clazz> lst = this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, null);
if (true)
throw new GlobalException("错误出现在 JsonController.load...");
return lst.get(0);
}
return null;
}
结果
3)使用@ControllerAdvice + @ExceptionHandler
package com.cxy.Exception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
public class GlobalExceptionResovler {
@ExceptionHandler
public ModelAndView handler(Exception e){
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("error");
if (e instanceof GlobalException){
GlobalException globalException = (GlobalException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",globalException.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","全局异常....");
}else if (e instanceof RuntimeException){
RuntimeException runtimeException = (RuntimeException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",runtimeException.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常....");
}
return mv;
}
}
全局异常处理JSON返回
package com.maomao.ssm.exception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionJsonResolver {
@ExceptionHandler
public Map handler(Exception e) {
Map map = new HashMap();
if (e instanceof GlobalException) {
GlobalException globalException = (GlobalException) e;
map.put("ex", globalException.getMessage());
map.put("msg", "全局异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码501....");
} else if (e instanceof RuntimeException) {
RuntimeException runtimeException = (RuntimeException) e;
map.put("ex", runtimeException.getMessage());
map.put("msg", "运行时异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码601....");
}
return map;
}
}