3-1
(1) 感觉就是图像模糊了，并没有去噪
from cv2 import cv2
import numpy as np
import random
def spNoise(img,prob):
# 添加椒盐噪声,prob:噪声比例
output = np.zeros(img.shape,np.uint8)
thres = 1 - prob
for i in range(img.shape[0]):
for j in range(img.shape[1]):
rdn = random.random()
if rdn < prob:
output[i][j] = 0
elif rdn > thres:
output[i][j] = 255
else:
output[i][j] = img[i][j]
return output
def gaussNoise(img, mean=0, var=0.0001):
# 添加,高斯噪声mean : 均值,var : 方差
img = np.array(img/255, dtype=float)
noise = np.random.normal(mean, var ** 0.5, img.shape)
out = img + noise
if out.min() < 0:
low_clip = -1.
else:
low_clip = 0.
out = np.clip(out, low_clip, 1.0)
out = np.uint8(out*255)
return out
def meanFilter(img, c):
# 均值滤波，2c+1*2c+1矩阵取平均值
img_shape = np.shape(img)
out = np.zeros(img_shape)
for i in range(img_shape[0]):
for j in range(img_shape[1]):
if i >= c and i < img_shape[0] - c and j >= c and j < img_shape[1] - c:
out[i][j] = min(sum(img[i - c:i + c + 1, j - c:j + c + 1].flatten()) // ((2 * c + 1) * (2 * c + 1)), img[i][j])
else:
out[i][j] = img[i][j]
return out
def medianFilter(img, c):
# 中值滤波，2c+1*2c+1矩阵再取中值
img_shape = np.shape(img)
out = np.zeros(img_shape)
for i in range(img_shape[0]):
for j in range(img_shape[1]):
if i >= c and i < img_shape[0] - c and j >= c and j < img_shape[1] - c:
out[i][j] = medianValueOdd(img[i - c:i + c + 1, j - c:j + c + 1].flatten())
else:
out[i][j] = img[i][j]
return out
def medianValueOdd(arr):
# 希尔排序
length = len(arr)
gap = length//2
while gap > 0:
for i in range(gap, length):
tem = arr[i]
j = i
while j >= gap and arr[j-gap] >tem:
arr[i], arr[i - gap] = arr[i - gap], arr[i]
j -= gap
gap = gap // 2
return arr[length//2]
img = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\1.jpg")
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
img_noise = spNoise(gray, 0.0005)
img_noise = gaussNoise(img_noise)
img_mean_filter1 = meanFilter(img_noise, 1)
img_mean_filter2 = meanFilter(img_noise, 2)
img_mean_filter3 = meanFilter(img_noise, 3)
img_median_filter1 = medianFilter(img_noise, 1)
img_median_filter2 = medianFilter(img_noise, 2)
img_median_filter3 = medianFilter(img_noise, 3)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\img_mean_filter1.jpg", img_mean_filter1)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\img_mean_filter2.jpg", img_mean_filter2)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\img_mean_filter3.jpg", img_mean_filter3)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\img_median_filter1.jpg", img_median_filter1)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\img_median_filter2.jpg", img_median_filter2)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\img_median_filter3.jpg", img_median_filter3)
img_mean_filter1 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\img_mean_filter1.jpg")
img_mean_filter2 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\img_mean_filter2.jpg")
img_mean_filter3 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\img_mean_filter3.jpg")
img_median_filter1 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\img_median_filter1.jpg")
img_median_filter2 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\img_median_filter2.jpg")
img_median_filter3 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\img_median_filter3.jpg")
cv2.imshow('gray', gray)
cv2.imshow('img_noise', img_noise)
cv2.imshow('img_mean_filter1', img_mean_filter1)
cv2.imshow('img_mean_filter2', img_mean_filter2)
cv2.imshow('img_mean_filter3', img_mean_filter3)
cv2.imshow('img_median_filter1', img_median_filter1)
cv2.imshow('img_median_filter2', img_median_filter2)
cv2.imshow('img_median_filter3', img_median_filter3)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows
4-1
(2)使用K邻近滤波和对称邻近滤波，发现K邻近滤波时，若仅取K=3，会产生很多早点，取K=5，K=7时，能有效去噪
from cv2 import cv2
import numpy as np
import random
def spNoise(img,prob):
# 添加椒盐噪声,prob:噪声比例
output = np.zeros(img.shape,np.uint8)
thres = 1 - prob
for i in range(img.shape[0]):
for j in range(img.shape[1]):
rdn = random.random()
if rdn < prob:
output[i][j] = 0
elif rdn > thres:
output[i][j] = 255
else:
output[i][j] = img[i][j]
return output
def gaussNoise(img, mean=0, var=0.0001):
# 添加,高斯噪声mean : 均值,var : 方差
img = np.array(img/255, dtype=float)
noise = np.random.normal(mean, var ** 0.5, img.shape)
out = img + noise
if out.min() < 0:
low_clip = -1.
else:
low_clip = 0.
out = np.clip(out, low_clip, 1.0)
out = np.uint8(out*255)
return out
def shellSort(arr):
# 希尔排序
length = len(arr)
gap = length//2
while gap > 0:
for i in range(gap, length):
tem = arr[i]
j = i
while j >= gap and arr[j-gap] >tem:
arr[i], arr[i - gap] = arr[i - gap], arr[i]
j -= gap
gap = gap // 2
return arr
def kNeighborFilter(img, N):
square = N * N
K = 2 * N - 1
q = N // 2
img_shape = np.shape(img)
out = np.zeros(img_shape)
for i in range(img_shape[0]):
for j in range(img_shape[1]):
if i >= q and i < img_shape[0] - q and j >= q and j < img_shape[1] - q:
img_flatten = img[i - q:i + q + 1, j - q:j + q + 1].flatten()
arr = np.append(img_flatten[0:square // 2], (img_flatten[square // 2 + 1:]))
arr = shellSort(arr)
p = 0
while p < len(arr)-1:
if arr[p] > img[i][j]:
break
if arr[p] <= img[i][j] and arr[p + 1] >= img[i][j]:
break
p += 1
if p < K // 2:
out[i][j] = sum(arr[0:K]) // K
elif p > square - K // 2:
out[i][j] = sum(arr[square - K:]) // K
else:
out[i][j] = sum(arr[p - K // 2:p + K // 2 + 1]) // K
else:
out[i][j] = img[i][j]
return out
def symmetricNeighborFilter(img, N):
p = N // 2
img_shape = np.shape(img)
out = np.zeros(img_shape)
for i in range(img_shape[0]):
for j in range(img_shape[1]):
if i >= p and i < img_shape[0] - p and j >= p and j < img_shape[1] - p:
tem = []
for k in range(i - p, i + p + 1):
for l in range(j - p, j):
tem.append([img[k][l], img[2 * i - k][2 * j - l]])
for k in range(i - p, i):
tem.append([img[k, j], img[2 * i - k][j]])
total = 0
print(tem)
for m in range(len(tem)):
if abs(tem[m][0] - img[i][j]) < abs(tem[m][1] - img[i][j]):
total += tem[m][0]
else:
total += tem[m][1]
print(total)
out[i][j] = total // len(tem)
print(out[i][j])
else:
out[i][j] = img[i][j]
return out
img = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\1.jpg")
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
img_noise = spNoise(gray, 0.0005)
img_noise = gaussNoise(img_noise)
k_neighbor_filter1 = kNeighborFilter(img_noise, 3)
k_neighbor_filter2 = kNeighborFilter(img_noise, 5)
k_neighbor_filter3 = kNeighborFilter(img_noise, 7)
symmetric_neighbor_filter1 = symmetricNeighborFilter(img_noise, 3)
symmetric_neighbor_filter2 = symmetricNeighborFilter(img_noise, 5)
symmetric_neighbor_filter3 = symmetricNeighborFilter(img_noise, 7)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\kNeighborFilter3.jpg", k_neighbor_filter1)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\kNeighborFilter5.jpg", k_neighbor_filter2)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\kNeighborFilter7.jpg", k_neighbor_filter3)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\symmetricNeighborFilter3.jpg", symmetric_neighbor_filter1)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\symmetricNeighborFilter5.jpg", symmetric_neighbor_filter2)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\symmetricNeighborFilter7.jpg", symmetric_neighbor_filter3)
k_neighbor_filter1 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\kNeighborFilter3.jpg")
k_neighbor_filter2 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\kNeighborFilter5.jpg")
k_neighbor_filter3 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\kNeighborFilter7.jpg")
symmetric_neighbor_filter1 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\symmetricNeighborFilter3.jpg")
symmetric_neighbor_filter2 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\symmetricNeighborFilter5.jpg")
symmetric_neighbor_filter3 = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\symmetricNeighborFilter7.jpg")
cv2.imshow('gray', gray)
cv2.imshow('img_noise', img_noise)
cv2.imshow('kNeighborFilter3', k_neighbor_filter1)
cv2.imshow('kNeighborFilter5', k_neighbor_filter2)
cv2.imshow('kNeighborFilter7', k_neighbor_filter3)
cv2.imshow('kNeighborFilter3', symmetric_neighbor_filter1)
cv2.imshow('kNeighborFilter5', symmetric_neighbor_filter2)
cv2.imshow('kNeighborFilter7', symmetric_neighbor_filter3)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows
4-1(3)看起来开运算去掉了白点，闭运算去掉了黑点
from cv2 import cv2
import numpy as np
import random
def spNoise(img,prob):
# 添加椒盐噪声,prob:噪声比例
output = np.zeros(img.shape,np.uint8)
thres = 1 - prob
for i in range(img.shape[0]):
for j in range(img.shape[1]):
rdn = random.random()
if rdn < prob:
output[i][j] = 0
elif rdn > thres:
output[i][j] = 255
else:
output[i][j] = img[i][j]
return output
def gaussNoise(img, mean=0, var=0.0001):
# 添加,高斯噪声mean : 均值,var : 方差
img = np.array(img/255, dtype=float)
noise = np.random.normal(mean, var ** 0.5, img.shape)
out = img + noise
if out.min() < 0:
low_clip = -1.
else:
low_clip = 0.
out = np.clip(out, low_clip, 1.0)
out = np.uint8(out*255)
return out
def grayErosion(img, N):
arr = np.ones((N, N))
p = N // 2
img_shape = np.shape(img)
out = np.zeros(img_shape)
for i in range(img_shape[0]):
for j in range(img_shape[1]):
if i >= p and i < img_shape[0] - p and j >= p and j < img_shape[1] - p:
out[i][j] = max(0, min(img[i - p:i + p + 1, j - p:j + p + 1].flatten()-arr.flatten()))
else:
out[i][j] = img[i][j]
return out
def grayScale(img, N):
arr = np.ones((N, N))
p = N // 2
img_shape = np.shape(img)
out = np.zeros(img_shape)
for i in range(img_shape[0]):
for j in range(img_shape[1]):
if i >= p and i < img_shape[0] - p and j >= p and j < img_shape[1] - p:
out[i][j] = min(255, max(img[i - p:i + p + 1, j - p:j + p + 1].flatten()-arr.flatten()))
else:
out[i][j] = img[i][j]
return out
def openFilter(img, arr):
return grayScale(grayErosion(img, arr), arr)
def closeFilter(img, arr):
return grayErosion(grayScale(img, arr), arr)
img = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\1.jpg")
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
img_noise = spNoise(gray, 0.0005)
img_noise = gaussNoise(img_noise)
image_open_filter = openFilter(img_noise, 3)
image_close_filter = closeFilter(img_noise, 3)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\image_open_filter.jpg", image_open_filter)
cv2.imwrite("C:\\test\\image_close_filter.jpg", image_close_filter)
image_open_filter = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\image_open_filter.jpg")
image_close_filter = cv2.imread("C:\\test\\image_close_filter.jpg")
cv2.imshow('gray', gray)
cv2.imshow('img_noise', img_noise)
cv2.imshow('image_open_filter', image_open_filter)
cv2.imshow('image_close_filter', image_close_filter)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows
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