自绘按钮的实现

35 篇文章 0 订阅

自绘按钮的实现并不难,只不过如果是在非MFC类库中实现,却是显得有点麻烦,或是说,更需要一点小技巧.
    
    文章打算在CMainWnd窗口类中实现一个自绘按钮,为了方便讲解以及突出重点,CMainWnd直接派生于CWndBase类.关于CWndBase类的信息,可以在此找到:http://blog.csdn.net/norains/archive/2008/01/12/2040109.aspx
    
    首先我们先要创建一个按钮,我将它命名为m_hBnExit:
 

    m_hBnExit = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST,
                                TEXT(
"BUTTON"),
                                TEXT(
""),
                                BS_PUSHBUTTON 
|  WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | BS_OWNERDRAW ,
                                POS_EXIT.left,
                                POS_EXIT.top,
                                POS_EXIT.right 
- POS_EXIT.left,
                                POS_EXIT.bottom 
- POS_EXIT.top,
                                m_hWnd,
                                (HMENU)IDC_BTN_EXIT,
                                m_hInst,
                                NULL);


  这里有点需要注意,因为我们需要重新绘制按钮,所以BS_OWNERDRAW风格一定需要设置.一旦设置该风格,CMainWnd窗口的消息处理函数就能接收到按钮的WM_DRAWITEM消息:

        LRESULT CMainWnd::WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
        {
          ...
          
            
switch(wMsg)
            {
                
case WM_DRAWITEM:
                
if(((LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT)lParam)->CtlID == IDC_BTN_EXIT)
                {
                    
//TODO something;
                }
                
                ...
                
            }
        
            ...
        }


  接下来需要做的就很简单了,我们只需要在接收到WM_DRAWITEM消息时,判断是否为退出按键的ID号(在本文例子中为IDC_BTN_EXIT),如果是的话就重新绘制.为此,我们定义一个OnDrawItemBtnExit()函数,用来绘制该按钮:

        void CMainWnd::OnDrawItemBtnExit(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
        {
            LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT lpdis 
= (LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT) lParam;    
        
          
//读取按钮的图片
            HANDLE hBmp = LoadImage(m_hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_EXIT),IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0,0);
            
if(hBmp == NULL)
            {
                
return ;
            }    
        
            
//Draw the button
            HDC hdcBmp = CreateCompatibleDC(lpdis->hDC);
            HGDIOBJ hOldSel 
= SelectObject(hdcBmp,hBmp);
        
            
if((lpdis->itemState & ODS_SELECTED ) && !(lpdis->itemState & ODS_DISABLED))
            {
             
//按下状态
                TransparentBlt(lpdis->hDC,
                                lpdis
->rcItem.left,
                                lpdis
->rcItem.top,
                                lpdis
->rcItem.right - lpdis->rcItem.left,
                                lpdis
->rcItem.bottom - lpdis->rcItem.top,
                                hdcBmp,
                                IMG_EXIT_PUSH.left,
                                IMG_EXIT_PUSH.top,
                                IMG_EXIT_PUSH.right 
- IMG_EXIT_PUSH.left,
                                IMG_EXIT_PUSH.bottom 
- IMG_EXIT_PUSH.top,
                                DEFAULT_TRANSPARENT_COLOR);
            }
            
else if(lpdis->itemState & ODS_DISABLED)
            {
             
//无效状态
                TransparentBlt(lpdis->hDC,
                                    lpdis
->rcItem.left,
                                    lpdis
->rcItem.top,
                                    lpdis
->rcItem.right - lpdis->rcItem.left,
                                    lpdis
->rcItem.bottom - lpdis->rcItem.top,
                                    hdcBmp,
                                    IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.left,
                                    IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.top,
                                    IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.right 
- IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.left,
                                    IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.bottom 
- IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.top,
                                    DEFAULT_TRANSPARENT_COLOR);
            }
            
else
            {
              
//正常状态
                TransparentBlt(lpdis->hDC,
                                lpdis
->rcItem.left,
                                lpdis
->rcItem.top,
                                lpdis
->rcItem.right - lpdis->rcItem.left,
                                lpdis
->rcItem.bottom - lpdis->rcItem.top,
                                hdcBmp,
                                IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.left,
                                IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.top,
                                IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.right 
- IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.left,
                                IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.bottom 
- IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.top,
                                DEFAULT_TRANSPARENT_COLOR);
            }
        
            
if(hdcBmp != NULL && hOldSel != NULL)
            {
                SelectObject(hdcBmp,hOldSel);    
                DeleteDC(hdcBmp);
        
                hdcBmp 
= NULL;
                hOldSel 
= NULL;
            }
        
            
if(hBmp != NULL)
            {
                DeleteObject(hBmp);
                hBmp 
= NULL;
            }    
        
        }


    不过这么一来会有个很明显的问题,如图1:
        

    我们发现在按钮周围有一圈非常不雅的灰色地带,而这灰色区域是窗口创建的时候自绘的.有经验的朋友都知道,如果是自己创建的窗口,要让这灰色区域消失是非常简单的事情,只需要在调用RegisterClass函数时选择一个无颜色的画刷即可.但由于所有的Windows Control的注册函数都是封装的,我们无法对其参数进行变更,所以唯一的方法只能是另寻窍门.
    
    所谓的去掉灰色地带,无非就是把主窗口那处被掩盖的区域重新绘制出来.有这个思路一切就好办了,我们只需要在主窗口的WM_PAINT响应函数中存储主窗口的DC数据,然后在按钮重绘的时候再把它显示出来即可:

        void CMainWnd::OnPaint(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
        {
            ...
            
            
//存储主窗口的所有DC数据到m_hdcBufBk中
                
//Create the memory DC for storing the background.
                m_hBmpBufBk = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,rcWnd.right - rcWnd.left,rcWnd.bottom - rcWnd.top);
                m_hdcBufBk 
= CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);        
                m_hOldSelBufBk 
= SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,m_hBmpBufBk);
        
        
                
//Draw the background
                HPEN hPen=CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(0,255,0));
                HPEN hOldPen
=NULL;
                hOldPen
=(HPEN)SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,hPen);
                
//the rect color
                HBRUSH hBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,255,0));
                HGDIOBJ hOldBrush 
= SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,hBrush);
                
//Draw
                Rectangle(m_hdcBufBk,0,0,rcWnd.right - rcWnd.left + 1, rcWnd.bottom - rcWnd.top + 1);
                
//Realse the resource
                SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,hOldBrush);
                DeleteObject(hBrush);
                SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,hOldPen);
                DeleteObject(hPen);
                
                ...    
        
        }


    然后在按钮的自绘函数中将其绘制出来:

    void CMainWnd::OnDrawItemBtnExit(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
        {
            ...
            
                
//Draw the background
                BitBlt(lpdis->hDC,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.left,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.top,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.right - lpdis->rcItem.left,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.bottom - lpdis->rcItem.top,
                        m_hdcBufBk,
                        POS_EXIT.left,
                        POS_EXIT.top,
                        SRCCOPY);
                    
                    ...
        }


  添加背景绘制代码之后显示的效果如图2所示:
  
  
  如果你的目的仅仅是用图片替代原来那种死板的按钮样式的话,那么到这步已经是大功告成,可以举杯欢庆了.但如果你还需要更多的需求,比如显示出通过SetWindowText设置的字符串,那么你还必须要做更多的工作.
  
  因为我们无法直接通过GetWindowText获取设置文本的真正长度,所以我们必须在按钮接收WM_SETTEXT消息时获取窗口文本.也许有人说,我设置一个很大的缓冲区不就行了么?可是,你需要设置多大?最好不要抱这种想法,因为我们永远不知道用户的真正意思!
  
  除了文档中明白指出的按钮消息,其它的消息我们都无法在MainProc函数中截获,比如按钮的WM_PAINT,WM_ERASEBKGND等.所以,这里我们需要在创建按钮控件的时候用SetWindowLong函数来转移按钮消息(关于SetWindowLong与消息转移可以参加我这篇文章:http://blog.csdn.net/norains/archive/2008/01/03/2023986.aspx).

        //Store the pointer in the window
        SetWindowLong(m_hBnExit, GWL_USERDATA, (DWORD)this);
        
//Set the new window procedure
        m_PreProcBnExit = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLong(m_hBnExit,GWL_WNDPROC,(DWORD)CtrlProc);


    我们需要在转移的消息处理函数中截获WM_SETTEXT消息,并分配合适的内存空间存储设置的字符串:

        LRESULT CMainWnd::CtrlProc(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
        {
            CMainWnd 
*pObject = (CMainWnd *)GetWindowLong(hWnd,GWL_USERDATA);
            
if(pObject != NULL)
            {
                
if(hWnd == pObject->m_hBnExit)
                {
                    
switch(wMsg)
                    {
                        
case WM_SETTEXT:
                        {
                            
if(pObject->m_pszBnExit != NULL)
                            {
                                delete []pObject
->m_pszBnExit;
                                pObject
->m_pszBnExit = NULL;
                            }
                            pObject
->m_pszBnExit = new TCHAR [_tcslen( reinterpret_cast<</span>LPCTSTR>(lParam)) + 1];
                            _tcscpy(pObject
->m_pszBnExit,reinterpret_cast<</span>LPCTSTR>(lParam));
                            
break;
                        }
                    }
                    
return CallWindowProc(pObject->m_PreProcBnExit,hWnd,wMsg,wParam,lParam);
                }
            }
            
            
return DefWindowProc(hWnd,wMsg,wParam,lParam);
            
        }


  既然我们已经获得了字符串,要绘制出来就是轻而易举的事情了:

        void CMainWnd::OnDrawItemBtnExit(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
        {
            ...
            
            
//Draw the text
           SetBkMode(lpdis->hDC,TRANSPARENT);
           DrawText(lpdis
->hDC,m_pszBnExit,-1,&lpdis->rcItem,DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER);
            
            ...
        }


  该工程可以在此下载:http://download.csdn.net/source/333479
  
  CMainWnd完整的代码如下:


#pragma once

#include "Wndbase.h"

class CMainWnd :
    
public CWndBase
{

public:

    
virtual BOOL Create(HINSTANCE hInst, HWND hWndParent, const TCHAR *pcszWndClass, const TCHAR *pcszWndName);
    CMainWnd(
void);
    
~CMainWnd(void);

protected:
    
virtual LRESULT WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
    
static LRESULT CtrlProc(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
    
void OnClickedBtnExit(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
    
void OnDrawItemBtnExit(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
    
void OnPaint(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
    
    


private:
    HDC m_hdcBufBk; 
//The dc buffer is just for storing the background data.
    HBITMAP m_hBmpBufBk;
    HGDIOBJ m_hOldSelBufBk;
    HWND m_hBnExit;
    TCHAR 
*m_pszBnExit;
    WNDPROC m_PreProcBnExit;
};


 

 


#include "stdafx.h"
#include "resource.h"
#include "MainWnd.h"


//*****************************************************************************************************
//The default transparent color for the image
#define DEFAULT_TRANSPARENT_COLOR    RGB(255,0,255)


//*****************************************************************************************************
//The struct data

//The image displayed information
#ifndef _DISPIMAGEINFO
#define _DISPIMAGEINFO
    typedef struct
    {
        LONG imgID;
        LONG left;
        LONG top;
        LONG right;
        LONG bottom;
    }DISPIMAGEINFO,
*PDISPIMAGEINFO;
#endif //_DISPIMAGEINFO


//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//The resource information

const DISPIMAGEINFO IMG_EXIT_ENABLE = {IDB_EXIT, 1,1,46,46};
const DISPIMAGEINFO IMG_EXIT_DISABLE = {IDB_EXIT, 93,1,138,46};
const DISPIMAGEINFO IMG_EXIT_PUSH = {IDB_EXIT, 47,1,92,46};

//*****************************************************************************************************

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//Macro 
#define IDC_BTN_EXIT        103
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//const value
const RECT POS_EXIT = {0,0,45,45};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------

CMainWnd::CMainWnd(void):
m_hBnExit(NULL),
m_hdcBufBk(NULL),
m_hBmpBufBk(NULL),
m_hOldSelBufBk(NULL),
m_PreProcBnExit(NULL),
m_pszBnExit(NULL)
{
}

CMainWnd::
~CMainWnd(void)
{
    
if(m_hdcBufBk != NULL && m_hOldSelBufBk != NULL)
    {
        SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,m_hOldSelBufBk);
    }

    
if(m_hBmpBufBk != NULL)
    {    
        DeleteObject(m_hBmpBufBk);    
        
        m_hBmpBufBk 
= NULL;
    }

    
if(m_hdcBufBk != NULL)
    {        
        DeleteDC(m_hdcBufBk);
        
        m_hdcBufBk 
= NULL;
    }

    
if(m_pszBnExit != NULL)
    {
        delete []m_pszBnExit;

        m_pszBnExit 
= NULL;
    }

}



//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//Description:
//    Create the window. It's override function
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
BOOL CMainWnd::Create(HINSTANCE hInst, HWND hWndParent, const TCHAR *pcszWndClass, const TCHAR *pcszWndName)
{

    CWndBase::Create(hInst,hWndParent,pcszWndClass,pcszWndName);


    
//The button for exiting
    m_hBnExit = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST,
                                TEXT(
"BUTTON"),
                                TEXT(
""),
                                BS_PUSHBUTTON 
| BS_CENTER | WS_TABSTOP | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | BS_OWNERDRAW ,
                                POS_EXIT.left,
                                POS_EXIT.top,
                                POS_EXIT.right 
- POS_EXIT.left,
                                POS_EXIT.bottom 
- POS_EXIT.top,
                                m_hWnd,
                                (HMENU)IDC_BTN_EXIT,
                                m_hInst,
                                NULL);


    
//Store the pointer in the window
    SetWindowLong(m_hBnExit, GWL_USERDATA, (DWORD)this);
    
//Set the new window procedure
    m_PreProcBnExit = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLong(m_hBnExit,GWL_WNDPROC,(DWORD)CtrlProc);
    
    
    SetWindowText(m_hBnExit,TEXT(
"X"));

    
return TRUE;
}


//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//Description:
//    Window process. It's override function
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
LRESULT CMainWnd::WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    
switch(wMsg)
    {
        
case WM_DRAWITEM:
        
if(((LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT)lParam)->CtlID == IDC_BTN_EXIT)
        {
            OnDrawItemBtnExit(hWnd,wMsg,wParam,lParam);
            
return 0;
        }
        
case WM_COMMAND:
        {
            
if(HIWORD(wParam) ==  BN_CLICKED  && LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_BTN_EXIT)
            {
                OnClickedBtnExit(hWnd,wMsg,wParam,lParam);
            }
        }
        
case WM_PAINT:
        {
            OnPaint(hWnd,wMsg,wParam,lParam);
            
return 0;
        }
    }

    
return DefWindowProc(hWnd,wMsg,wParam,lParam);
}


//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//Description:
//    Windows control process
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
LRESULT CMainWnd::CtrlProc(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    CMainWnd 
*pObject = (CMainWnd *)GetWindowLong(hWnd,GWL_USERDATA);
    
if(pObject != NULL)
    {
        
if(hWnd == pObject->m_hBnExit)
        {
            
switch(wMsg)
            {
                
case WM_SETTEXT:
                {
                    
if(pObject->m_pszBnExit != NULL)
                    {
                        delete []pObject
->m_pszBnExit;
                        pObject
->m_pszBnExit = NULL;
                    }
                    pObject
->m_pszBnExit = new TCHAR [_tcslen( reinterpret_cast<</span>LPCTSTR>(lParam)) + 1];
                    _tcscpy(pObject
->m_pszBnExit,reinterpret_cast<</span>LPCTSTR>(lParam));
                    
break;
                }
            }
            
return CallWindowProc(pObject->m_PreProcBnExit,hWnd,wMsg,wParam,lParam);
        }
    }
    
    
return DefWindowProc(hWnd,wMsg,wParam,lParam);
    
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Description:
//    On the message WM_DRAWITEM and it is for the button exit
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CMainWnd::OnDrawItemBtnExit(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT lpdis 
= (LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT) lParam;    

    HANDLE hBmp 
= LoadImage(m_hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_EXIT),IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0,0);
    
if(hBmp == NULL)
    {
        
return ;
    }
    

    
//Draw the background
    BitBlt(lpdis->hDC,
            lpdis
->rcItem.left,
            lpdis
->rcItem.top,
            lpdis
->rcItem.right - lpdis->rcItem.left,
            lpdis
->rcItem.bottom - lpdis->rcItem.top,
            m_hdcBufBk,
            POS_EXIT.left,
            POS_EXIT.top,
            SRCCOPY);


    
//Draw the button
    HDC hdcBmp = CreateCompatibleDC(lpdis->hDC);
    HGDIOBJ hOldSel 
= SelectObject(hdcBmp,hBmp);

    
if((lpdis->itemState & ODS_SELECTED ) && !(lpdis->itemState & ODS_DISABLED))
    {
        TransparentBlt(lpdis
->hDC,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.left,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.top,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.right - lpdis->rcItem.left,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.bottom - lpdis->rcItem.top,
                        hdcBmp,
                        IMG_EXIT_PUSH.left,
                        IMG_EXIT_PUSH.top,
                        IMG_EXIT_PUSH.right 
- IMG_EXIT_PUSH.left,
                        IMG_EXIT_PUSH.bottom 
- IMG_EXIT_PUSH.top,
                        DEFAULT_TRANSPARENT_COLOR);
    }
    
else if(lpdis->itemState & ODS_DISABLED)
    {
        TransparentBlt(lpdis
->hDC,
                            lpdis
->rcItem.left,
                            lpdis
->rcItem.top,
                            lpdis
->rcItem.right - lpdis->rcItem.left,
                            lpdis
->rcItem.bottom - lpdis->rcItem.top,
                            hdcBmp,
                            IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.left,
                            IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.top,
                            IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.right 
- IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.left,
                            IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.bottom 
- IMG_EXIT_DISABLE.top,
                            DEFAULT_TRANSPARENT_COLOR);
    }
    
else
    {
        TransparentBlt(lpdis
->hDC,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.left,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.top,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.right - lpdis->rcItem.left,
                        lpdis
->rcItem.bottom - lpdis->rcItem.top,
                        hdcBmp,
                        IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.left,
                        IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.top,
                        IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.right 
- IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.left,
                        IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.bottom 
- IMG_EXIT_ENABLE.top,
                        DEFAULT_TRANSPARENT_COLOR);
    }

    
if(hdcBmp != NULL && hOldSel != NULL)
    {
        SelectObject(hdcBmp,hOldSel);    
        DeleteDC(hdcBmp);

        hdcBmp 
= NULL;
        hOldSel 
= NULL;
    }

    
if(hBmp != NULL)
    {
        DeleteObject(hBmp);
        hBmp 
= NULL;
    }
    
    
//Draw the text
    SetBkMode(lpdis->hDC,TRANSPARENT);
    DrawText(lpdis
->hDC,m_pszBnExit,-1,&lpdis->rcItem,DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER);

}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Description:
//    On the message WM_COMMAND and the HIWORD(wParam) is BN_CLICKED for the button exit
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CMainWnd::OnClickedBtnExit(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    DestroyWindow(m_hWnd);
    PostQuitMessage(
0x00);
}




//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Description:
//    On the message WM_PAINT. 
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void CMainWnd::OnPaint(HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    RECT rcWnd 
= {0};
    GetWindowRect(hWnd,
&rcWnd);

    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
    HDC hdc 
= BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps);
    
if(m_hdcBufBk == NULL)
    {        

        
//Create the memory DC for storing the background.
        m_hBmpBufBk = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,rcWnd.right - rcWnd.left,rcWnd.bottom - rcWnd.top);
        m_hdcBufBk 
= CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);        
        m_hOldSelBufBk 
= SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,m_hBmpBufBk);


        
//Draw the background
        HPEN hPen=CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(0,255,0));
        HPEN hOldPen
=NULL;
        hOldPen
=(HPEN)SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,hPen);
        
//the rect color
        HBRUSH hBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,255,0));
        HGDIOBJ hOldBrush 
= SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,hBrush);
        
//Draw
        Rectangle(m_hdcBufBk,0,0,rcWnd.right - rcWnd.left + 1, rcWnd.bottom - rcWnd.top + 1);
        
//Realse the resource
        SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,hOldBrush);
        DeleteObject(hBrush);
        SelectObject(m_hdcBufBk,hOldPen);
        DeleteObject(hPen);
    }


    BitBlt(hdc,
            rcWnd.left,
            rcWnd.top,
            rcWnd.right 
- rcWnd.left,
            rcWnd.bottom 
- rcWnd.top,
            m_hdcBufBk,
            rcWnd.left,
            rcWnd.top,
            SRCCOPY);

    EndPaint(hWnd,
&ps);

    UpdateWindow(m_hBnExit);


    

}

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值