尽管MessageQueue提供了直接读/写的函数接口,但对于程序员来说,一般不直接读/写消息队列。之前了解到,在Looper.loop()函数中,当取出消息后,会回调msg.target对象的handleMessage()函数,而msg.target的类型正是Handler。
/**
* Run the message queue in this thread. Be sure to call
* {@link #quit()} to end the loop.
*/
public static final void loop() {
Looper me = myLooper();
MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;
while (true) {
Message msg = queue.next(); // might block
//if (!me.mRun) {
// break;
//}
if (msg != null) {
if (msg.target == null) {
// No target is a magic identifier for the quit message.
return;
}
if (me.mLogging!= null) me.mLogging.println(
">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " "
+ msg.callback + ": " + msg.what
);
msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
if (me.mLogging!= null) me.mLogging.println(
"<<<<< Finished to " + msg.target + " "
+ msg.callback);
msg.recycle();
}
}
}
一般使用Handler类向消息队列中发送消息,并重载Handler类的handleMessage()函数添加消息处理代码。
Handler对象只能添加到有消息队列的线程中,否则会发生异常。以下代码是Handler类的构造函数:
/**
* Default constructor associates this handler with the queue for the
* current thread.
*
* If there isn't one, this handler won't be able to receive messages.
*/
public Handler() {
if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) {
final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass();
if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) &&
(klass.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) {
Log.w(TAG, "The following Handler class should be static or leaks might occur: " +
klass.getCanonicalName());
}
}
mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
if (mLooper == null) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");
}
mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;
mCallback = null;
}
注意这句代码:
mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
if (mLooper == null) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");
}
由以上代码可以得出结论,在构造Handler对象前,必须已经执行过Looper.prepare(),但prepare()不能被执行两次。下面是Looper.prepare()的代码:
/** Initialize the current thread as a looper.
* This gives you a chance to create handlers that then reference
* this looper, before actually starting the loop. Be sure to call
* {@link #loop()} after calling this method, and end it by calling
* {@link #quit()}.
*/
public static final void prepare() {
if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
}
sThreadLocal.set(new Looper());
}
创建Handler对象可以在执行Looper.loop()函数之前,也可以在执行之后。
在以往的应用程序开发中,一般在Activity的初始化代码中添加Handler对象,事实上,在Activity对象被构造前,Activity所在的线程已经执行了Looper.prepare()函数。具体可查看下面的链接。
http://blog.csdn.net/manoel/article/details/39499747
一个线程中可以包含多个Handler对象。在Looper.loop()函数中,不同的Message对应不同的Handler对象,从而回调不同的handleMessage()函数。