python——语句

条件语句

if condition:
    #code list
[
elif condition_1:
    #code list
]
...
[
elif condition_n:
    #code list
]
[
else:
    #code list
]

注1：[]表示optional

注2：elif不能拆分为else if

注3：不支持switch

score = 90

if score >= 90:
    print 'excellent'

score = 80

if score >= 60:
    print 'pass'
else:
    print 'fail'

score = 70

if score >= 90:
    print 'A'
elif score >= 80:
    print 'B'
elif score >= 70:
    print 'C'
elif score >= 60:
    print 'D'
else:
    print 'E'

循环语句

for...in

sum = 0

for i in range(11):
    sum = sum + i

print sum

while

i = 0
sum = 0

while i < 11:
    sum = sum + i
    i = i + 1

print sum

注：不支持do while

空语句

pass

条件语句

salary = 15000
if salary >= 30000:
    print 'very high income'
elif salary >= 20000:
    print 'high income'
elif salary >= 10000:
    print 'middle income'
else:
    print 'low income'

注意：

• elif意义是else if，但不能写成else if
• elif分支optional
• else分支optional

def judgeCondition(x):
    if x:
        print True
    else:
        print False	

x = 0
judgeCondition(x)
x = 1
judgeCondition(x)
x = ''
judgeCondition(x)
x = "abc"
judgeCondition(x)
x = ()
judgeCondition(x)
x = (1, 2)
judgeCondition(x)
x = None
judgeCondition(x)

output：

False
True
False
True
False
True
False

单独变量作为判断条件时，有以下情况：

• 整型&浮点型：0为False，非0为True
• 字符串：空串为False，非空串为True
• list&tuple&dict&set：空为False，非空为True

循环语句

for...in

namelist = ['tom', 'jack', 'martin']
for name in namelist:
    print name

while

namelist = ['tom', 'jack', 'martin']
index = 0
while index < len(namelist):
    print namelist[index]
    index = index + 1