1、设计一个程序,统计在读到文件结尾之前读取的字符数。
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char ch = 0;
int n_ch = 0;
while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF)
{
n_ch++;
}
printf("There are %d characters in the file!\n",n_ch); //按回车+ctrl+z+回车文件结尾
return 0;
}2、编写一个程序，在遇到EOF之前，把输入作为字符流读取。程序要打印每个输入的字符及其相应的ASCII十进制值。注意，在ASCII序列中，空格字符前面的字符都是非打印字符，要特殊处理这些字符。如果非打印字符是换行符或制表符，则分别打印\n或\t。否则，使用控制字符表示法。例如，ASCII的1是Ctrl+A, 可显示为^A。注意，A的ASCII值是CtrI+A的值加上64.其他非打印字符也有类似的关系。除每次遇到换行符打印新的一行之外， 每行打印10对值。(注意，不同的操作系统其控制字符可能不同。)
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char ch = 0;
int n_ch = 0;
while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF)
{
n_ch++;
if (ch < ' ')
{
if ('t' == ch)
{
printf(" ");
putchar('\\');
putchar('t');
printf(":%d", ch);
}
else if ('\n ' == ch)
{
printf(" ");
putchar('\\');
putchar('n');
putchar(":%d", ch);
}
else
{
printf(" ");
putchar('^');
putchar(ch+64);
printf(":%d", ch);
}
}
else
{
printf(" ");
putchar(ch);
printf(":%d", ch);
}
if (n_ch % 10 == 0)
{
printf("\n");
}
}
return 0;
}3、编写一个程序， 在遇到EOF之前，把输入作为字符流读取。该程序要报告输入中的大写字母和小写字母的个数。假设大小写字母数值是连续的。或者使用ctype .h库中合适的分类函数更方便。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main(void)
{
char ch = 0;
int n_upper = 0;
int n_lower = 0;
while ((ch = getchar()) !='&')
{
if (islower(ch))
{
n_lower++;
}
else if (isupper(ch))
{
n_upper++;
}
}
printf("There are %d upper character and %d lower charecter.\n", n_upper, n_lower);
return 0;
}4. 编写一个程序，在遇到EOF之前，把输入作为字符流读取。该程序要报告平均每个单词的字母数， 不要把空白统计为单词的字母。实际上，标点符号也不应该统计，但是现在暂时不同考虑这么多(如果你比较在意这点，考虑使用ctype.h系列中的ispunct ()函数)。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h> //参考书P195程序清单7.7//参考别人
int main(void)
{
char ch = 0;
char ch_pre = 0;
int n_word = 0;
int n_ch = 0;
int total_ch = 0;
int word_ch = 0;
double word_ch_avg = 0;
while (ch = getchar()) //从第一个字母开始
{
if (isalpha(ch))
{
break;
}
}
while (ch != '&')
{
if((' ' == ch || '\n' == ch) && !isspace(ch_pre) && !ispunct(ch_pre))
{
n_word++;
total_ch += word_ch;
word_ch = 0;
}
else if (isspace(ch))
{
ch_pre = ch;
ch = getchar();
continue;
}
if (!ispunct(ch) && !isspace(ch))
{
word_ch++;
}
ch_pre = ch;
ch = getchar();
}
if (!isspace(ch_pre))
{
n_word++;
total_ch += word_ch;
}
word_ch_avg = (double)total_ch / n_word;
printf("Total words: %d, Total characters: %d, Characters per word: %.2lf", n_word, total_ch, word_ch_avg);
return 0;
}
5. 修改程序清单8.4的猜数字程序，使用更智能的猜测策略。例如，程序最初猜50，询问用户是猜大了、猜小了还是猜对了。如果猜小了，那么下一次猜测的值应是50和100中值，也就是75。 如果这次猜大了，那么下一次猜测的值应是50和75的中值，等等。使用二分查找(binary search)策略，如果用户没有欺骗程序，那么程序很快就会猜到正确的答案。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//笔记：scanf("%c",&ch)与scanf(" %c",&ch)。 书P95
int main()
{
float min;
float max;
float guess;
char ch = 0;
char ch_1 = 0;
printf("please input guess interval:\n");
scanf_s("%f %f",&min,&max);
//scanf_s("%d", max);
if(max >= min)
{
printf("i'll guess the number between %.1f and %.1f\n", min,max);
}
guess = (max + min) / 2;
printf("i guest the number is %.1f. is it right(y/n)?\n",guess);
scanf_s(" %c", &ch);
getchar();
while ('y' != ch)
{
printf("ok, the number you chosen is bigger or smaller than i guess?(b/s)\n");
scanf_s(" %c", &ch_1);
//getchar();
// putchar(ch_1);
if ('b' == ch_1)
{
min = guess;
//printf("123\n");
guess = (min + max) / 2;
}
else
{
max = guess;
//printf("456\n");
guess = (min + max) / 2;
}
printf("i guess the number is %.1f, is it right(y/n)?\n", guess);
scanf_s(" %c", &ch);
// getchar();
}
printf("yeah, i got it!");
return 0;
}6、 修改程序清单8.8中的get_ first()函数， 让该函数返回读取的第1个非空白字符，并在一个简单的程序中测试。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
char get_first(void)
{
int ch = 0;
while (!isalpha(ch = getchar()))
{
continue;
}
return ch;
}
int main(void)
{
char ch = get_first();
putchar(ch);
return 0;
}
7、 修改第7章的编程练习8，用字符代替数字标记菜单的选项。用q代替5作为结束输入的标记。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define rate1 0.15 //写成百分数报错
#define rate2 0.2
#define rate3 0.25
int main(void)
{
double hour = 0;
double sum_wage = 0;
double rate = 0;
double income = 0;
double hour_wage = 0;
char choice ;
while(1)
{
printf("Enter the number corresponding to the desered pay rate or action:\n");
printf("a) $8.75/hr b)9.33/hr\n3)$10.00/hr c)$11.20/hr\nd)quit\n");
scanf_s("%c", &choice);
switch (choice)
{
case 'a': hour_wage = 8.75;
break;
case 'b': hour_wage = 9.33;
break;
case 'c': hour_wage = 10.00;
break;
case 'd': hour_wage = 11.20;
break;
case 'q':return; //输入q，结束
default:
printf("Please enter the choice from a to d and q:\n");
continue;
}
printf("Please enter the hours of work per week:\n");
scanf_s("%lf", &hour);
if (hour <= 40)
{
sum_wage = 10.00 * hour;
}
else
sum_wage = 10.00 * hour + (hour - 40) * 1.5 * 10.00;
if (sum_wage <= 300)
{
rate = (rate1)*sum_wage;
}
else if ((sum_wage >= 300) && (sum_wage <= 450))
{
rate = (rate1) * 300 + (rate2) * (sum_wage - 300);
}
else
{
rate = (rate1) * 300 + (rate2) * 150 + (rate3) * (sum_wage - 450);
}
income = sum_wage - rate;
printf("wage:$%lf.rate:$%lf.income:$%lf.\n", sum_wage, rate, income);
}
return 0;
}8、编写一个程序，显示一个提供加法、减法、乘法、除法的菜单。获得用户选择的选项后，程序提示用户输入两个数字，然后执行用户刚才选择的操作。该程序只接受菜单提供的选项。程序使用float类型的变量储存用户输入的数字，如果用户输入失败，则允许再次输入。进行除法运算时，如果用户输入0作为第2个数(除数)，程序应提示用户重新输入一个新值。该程序的一个运行示例如下:
Enter the operation of your choice:
a. add s. subtract
m. multiply d. divide
q. quit
Enter first number: 22 . 4
Enter second number:one
one is not an number.
Please enter a number, such as 2.5，-1.78E8， or 3: 1
22.4+1=23.4
Enter the operation of your choice:
a. add s. subtract
m. multiply d. divide
q. quit
d
Enter first number: 18.4
Enter second number: 0
Enter a number other than 0: 0.2
18.4 / 0.2= 92
Enter the operation of your choice:
a. add s. subtract
m. multiply d. divide
q. quit
Bye.
#include<stdio.h>
#define ABS_VAL 0.000001 //浮点数不是一个精确数值，无法判断是否等于0，，设置一个判断阈值
int main()
{
char choice;
float num1, num2;
while (1)
{
printf("Enter the operation of your choice:\n");
printf("%-20s%-20s\n%-20s%-20s\n%-20s\n", "a.add", "s.subtract", "m.multiply", "d.divide", "q.quit");
if ((scanf_s("%c", &choice) != 1) || (choice != 'q') && (choice != 'a') && (choice != 's') && (choice != 'm') && (choice != 'd'))
{
printf("Please enter the correct operation, please enter again!\n");
while (getchar() != '\n')
{
continue;
}
continue;
}
if (choice == 'q')
break;
//输入第一个数字
printf("Enter first number:");
while (scanf_s("%f", &num1) != 1)
{
char ch = 0;
while ((ch = getchar()) != '\n')
{
putchar(ch);
}
printf(" is not an number.\n");
printf("Please enter a number, such as 2.5, -1.78E8, or 3: \n");
}
//输入第二个数字
printf("Enter second number:");
while (scanf_s("%f", &num2) != 1)
{
char ch = 0;
while ((ch = getchar()) != '\n')
{
putchar(ch);
}
printf(" is not an number.\n");
printf("Please enter a number, such as 2.5, -1.78E8, or 3: \n");
}
switch (choice)
{
//加
case 'a':
printf("%.1f + %.1f = %.1f\n\n", num1, num2, num1 + num2);
break;
//减
case 's':
printf("%.1f - %.1f = %.1f\n\n", num1, num2, num1 - num2);
break;
//乘
case 'm':
printf("%.1f * %.1f = %.1f\n\n", num1, num2, num1 * num2);
break;
case 'd':
while (num2 > -ABS_VAL && num2 < ABS_VAL)
{
printf("Enter a number other than 0:");
while (scanf_s("%f", &num2) != 1)
{
char ch = 0;
while ((ch = getchar()) != '\n')
{
putchar(ch);
}
printf(" is not an number.\n");
printf("Please enter a number, such as 2.5, -1.78E8, or 3: ");
}
getchar();
}
printf("%f / %f = %f\n", num1, num2, (num1 / num2));
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
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