app_process: zygote启动(3)

涉及源码

android-8.0.0_r1\system\core\rootdir\init.rc
android-8.0.0_r1\system\core\rootdir\init.*.rc
android-8.0.0_r1\frameworks\base\core\java\com\android\internal\os\Zygote.java
android-8.0.0_r1\frameworks\base\core\java\com\android\internal\os\ZygoteInit.java
android-8.0.0_r1\frameworks\base\core\java\com\android\internal\os\ZygoteServer.java
android-8.0.0_r1\frameworks\base\core\java\com\android\internal\os\RuntimeInit.java

概述

通过init.rc启动zygote，以及zygote如何启动system_server和启动app

时序图

关键步骤

1. 开机时，解析init.rc，trigger zygote-start启动zygote
   zygote有4种类型

• zygote32 仅支持32位模式
• zygote64 仅支持64位模式
• zygote64_32 支持64位和32位模式，默认64位主模式
• zygote64_32 支持32位和64位模式，默认32位主模式

系统启动根据具体产品配置（一般位device目录下的device.mk）启动相应类型虚拟机。由于64位越来越主流，流程主要跟踪64位模式

2. init.zygote64.rc文件中定义了启动zygote的服务

# file: system\core\rootdir\init.zygote64.rc
service zygote /system/bin/app_process64 -Xzygote /system/bin --zygote --start-system-server
    class main
    priority -20
    user root
    group root readproc
    socket zygote stream 660 root system
    onrestart write /sys/android_power/request_state wake
    onrestart write /sys/power/state on
    onrestart restart audioserver
    onrestart restart cameraserver
    onrestart restart media
    onrestart restart netd
    onrestart restart wificond
    writepid /dev/cpuset/foreground/tasks

通过运行64位的app_process启动zygote

3. 虚拟机创建完，运行java程序初始阶段，进行资源加载。资源加载有两种方式：
   3.1 预加载：在启动过程中，提前加载资源
   3.2 资源延后加载，通过zygote启动过程中创建的socket通知加载

4. zygote启动过程中，通过startSystemServer启动system_server，该函数引发的流程会创建一个新进程来启动system_server

5. system_server启动完成后，在zygote进程中，会监听一个socket，用来处理启动app或延后加载资源等。

public static void main(String argv[]) {
       	...
       		// 启动systemserver变量
            boolean startSystemServer = false;
            String socketName = "zygote";
            String abiList = null;
            // 资源懒加载变量
            boolean enableLazyPreload = false;
            for (int i = 1; i < argv.length; i++) {
                if ("start-system-server".equals(argv[i])) {
                    startSystemServer = true;
                } else if ("--enable-lazy-preload".equals(argv[i])) {
                    enableLazyPreload = true;
                } else if (argv[i].startsWith(ABI_LIST_ARG)) {
                    abiList = argv[i].substring(ABI_LIST_ARG.length());
                } else if (argv[i].startsWith(SOCKET_NAME_ARG)) {
                    socketName = argv[i].substring(SOCKET_NAME_ARG.length());
                } else {
                    throw new RuntimeException("Unknown command line argument: " + argv[i]);
                }
            }
            ... 
            // In some configurations, we avoid preloading resources and classes eagerly.
            // In such cases, we will preload things prior to our first fork.
            if (!enableLazyPreload) {
                bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("ZygotePreload");
                EventLog.writeEvent(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_PRELOAD_START,
                    SystemClock.uptimeMillis());
                // 非懒加载，正常预加载资源
                preload(bootTimingsTraceLog);
                EventLog.writeEvent(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_PRELOAD_END,
                    SystemClock.uptimeMillis());
                bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // ZygotePreload
            } else {
                Zygote.resetNicePriority();
            }
            ...
            if (startSystemServer) {
                // 启动system_server
                startSystemServer(abiList, socketName, zygoteServer);
            }
            Log.i(TAG, "Accepting command socket connections");
            // 监听socket，接收命令并处理
            zygoteServer.runSelectLoop(abiList);

            zygoteServer.closeServerSocket();
        } catch (Zygote.MethodAndArgsCaller caller) {
            caller.run();
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            Log.e(TAG, "System zygote died with exception", ex);
            zygoteServer.closeServerSocket();
            throw ex;
        }
    }

预加载

static void preload(BootTimingsTraceLog bootTimingsTraceLog) {
        Log.d(TAG, "begin preload");
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("BeginIcuCachePinning");
        beginIcuCachePinning();
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // BeginIcuCachePinning
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("PreloadClasses");
        // 根据/system/etc/preloaded-classes预加载类，通过优化该文件，优化内存和启动速度
        preloadClasses();
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // PreloadClasses
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("PreloadResources");
        // 加载res目录下资源
        preloadResources();
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // PreloadResources
        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK, "PreloadOpenGL");
        // 加载OpenGL应用驱动
        preloadOpenGL();
        Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK);
        // 加载系统核心共享库
        preloadSharedLibraries();
        // 加载字体
        preloadTextResources();
        // Ask the WebViewFactory to do any initialization that must run in the zygote process,
        // for memory sharing purposes.
        WebViewFactory.prepareWebViewInZygote();
        endIcuCachePinning();
        warmUpJcaProviders();
        Log.d(TAG, "end preload");

        sPreloadComplete = true;
    }